You have had to follow bill gates and steve ballmer. Did you feel you were ready for the job following those legends . The best advice i got helped me a lot. It was dont try to be like us. To say i am succeeding these people. I remember even during the interview process, the board was conducting and they asked me do you want to be the ceo. I said only if you want me to be. In peopleck i got was wanted to see you like, i want to be ceo. I said thats not me. Up 120 . Ock is to annualo shareholder meetings, you get a standing ovation . Have people asking me to come home and fix my computer. You are a native of india. What part . I was born in hydra andbad. Your parents told you you were going to be Prime Minister or something important . What did they want you to be . They wanted me to stop playing creek it and take my studies more seriously. And when did you realize you would not be a professional cricketer player . Pretty soon. Realized i might play firstclass ticket in india, but i was not going to go further than than that. One of the Big Decisions that changed my life was my entire outlook was so provincial. I wanted to stay and may study economics and Political Science and work for a bank. He looks at me and says, what are you doing . You have to get out of this place. He pushed me out to an engineering school. Your father was a member of the Senior Civil Service in india. My dad was a different guy. It is always humorous. He would look at my report card and say i dont understand how anybody can have these kinds of marx. That hehe nice thing is would say in such an endearing way that it wouldnt make you feel bad. The guy never met an exam he didnt ace, he would say. It was astounding that he would have a son like that. I went to the university of wisconsin in milwaukee and switch to computer science. How did you wind up there . Did you have a winter coat . That was my first youd possession in life come a winter coat. I picked up this bad habit of smoking in india. Thing about being a smoker is you have to go out, and that one winter cured me of my smoking habit. You got a job at sun microsystems. What was your job there . I was a developer. Then you got recruited to go to microsoft in 1992. You had also applied to go to the University Chicago school of business. How did you decide. I was committed saying i wanted to go to the business school, maybe even go to wall street. That was my david the highest calling of mankind, right . [laughter] satya says david rubenstein. [laughter] david right, right. Satya and i thought, wow, maybe that is what i should do. Then somewhere along the line, i started talking to people. And they said, hey, why would you do that . You are in tech. You should really come back. It was an amazing time because windows nt, which became what have you, was just starting out. And i subsequently went and did some combination of parttime and other courses, and actually finished my mba, which i find stunning. David you were commuting, working, and on weekends commuting to the university of chicago. And that mustve taken a lot of energy to do both. Right . Satya it was crazy. David so, you are beginning your ascent up, but dealing with some personal issues. Your first child was born with Cerebral Palsy. He is now 21 years old. So how did you realize that was going to change your life and how have you dealt with that issue . Satya yeah, even, i was 29 years old when our son was born. And if you had even asked me maybe even an hour before he was born, what was going through my head, it was all about, oh, is the nursery going to be ready . What is going to happen to our weekends now that we have a son . When will my wife get back to a job, and so on. But obviously everything changed that night. He was born because of an undetected in utero distress and brain damage. That led to Cerebral Palsy and he is quadriplegic now. The first, maybe even two years or more even, i was more about, why did this happen to me . What happened to us and all of these plans that i had are now have all been thrown up in the air and changed . Whereas my wife, what came naturally to her as a mother was she said, ok, im not going back to my job. I am going to really care for my son, drive him around for therapy after therapy. And i watched that. Without schooling me, i got schooled. That Nothing Happened to me. What happened was to my son, and that it was time for me to understand that, realize that, see life through his eyes and then do my duty as a father. That to me, perhaps, did not come to in one moment. It is something i think that took time, but as i figured it out, it changed me, both as a parent, but also who i am today and how i approach everything. David now your wife is trained as an architect. Satya thats right. You have two daughters. One of david she has given of doing that for a while . Satya thats right. David and you have two daughters. One daughter has a severe learning disability as well. And how did that affect you and your wife . Satya in fact, one of the things that happen because of our son is we built up a Tremendous Community of people, whether it was therapists, or other parents of children with disabilities. And so we were involved in that community. By the time our youngest daughter came into our lives, i must say we had the richness of this community to support us, and in turn when we recognized very early on, my wife and i, my wife in particular was quick to realize she would need additional help. And so, we found this school in vancouver, bc, which was all around neuroplasticity. The idea was you can train your brain to learn, sort of compensating. And so, we decided that we are going to move the family to vancouver. My son was going to stay with me in seattle. My daughters and my wife were going to live in vancouver and we were going to commute again over the weekends. But the thing that, quite honestly, that is where it came all naturally to us. Because in some sense our son had taught us what it takes to give people with disabilities the best shot, and so it is something we took on. David and your son lives with you now . Satya yes. David and one of the qualities that you say you got from all this was empathy. And that the result of having empathy made you a better ceo and a better person. Is that fair . Satya yeah. In fact, when i look at empathy, and most people think that empathy is just something you reserve for your life, your family, your friends or what have you, but the reality is, it is an existential priority for a business. Because if you look at it, like what is our business . Our business is to meet unmet, unarticulated needs of customers. There is no way our innovation to meet unmet, unarticulated needs is going to come about if we dont listen. Not just listen to the words, but go deep to understand what the needs are behind it. So, i think empathy is core to innovation, and life experience, if you listen and you learn from, teaches you. I would not claim, and i have sort of talked about it, any innate capability of empathy that i was born with, if anything, it is life that has taught me. If anything, my pursuit is every year, is there a growing sense of empathy for people around me . David did steve say if you do this well, we will be happy. If you dont do it well, you might not get another job . Satya one of the things that is amazing about bill and steve is, their candor. It is not like they sugarcoat anything. They are very, very honest about most things in life or everything in life. And they are very clear. If you do a good job, maybe you will have another job. If not, you wont. [laughter] david you are rising up in microsoft. You are running the Business Solutions division at one point, but then they say we would like you to run the search business called bing, and did you say you cant compete against google, i do not want to do that . Or did you say i am happy to do that . Satya i had just been promoted to lead our Business Solutions team. I mean, i was loving that job. It is something that i aspired to do. And steve comes around and he says, hey, you know what, i have an idea for you. I think you should go run this group that has got high attrition and we have a very tough task ahead. And i dont know whether it is a good career move, but i need help and, you know, think wisely and choose. [laughter] satya and i was like, wow, this is an interesting choice in front of me. And i remember very distinctly going that night to the building in which the bing team and our search team was housed. And it was what, maybe 9 00 or so, and the parking lot was full, people were in. And i said, wow, what is the deal here . I mean these people are like working hard, inspired, so i said well, i have got to join this team. The fight that they showed caused me to not to take the easy path and get in. David ok, did steve say if you do this well, we will be happy. If you dont do it well, you might not get another job . Satya that is correct. Steve was one of the things that is amazing about both bill and steve is their candor. It is not like they sugarcoat anything. They are very, very honest about most things in life, or everything in life. And they were very clear. Look, if you do a good job, maybe you will have another job. If youre not, you wont. David and you did a pretty good job, but then they came along and asked you to run another business which was not competitive at the time, and that was your Cloud Computing business. How did it happen that amazon, which was not a Computer Company more or less, became a giant in cloud, and microsoft, right nearby, wasnt a giant there . Satya the interesting thing is what happens when a Company Becomes successful is this beautiful, Virtuous Cycle that gets created between your concept of product, your capability, and your culture, right . You really have all these three things fall into gear and they are working super well, but then what happens is the concept that made you successful runs out of gas. It is not growing anymore. You now need new capability, and in order to have that new capability, you need a culture that allows you to grow that new capability. We, our server business was growing strong double digits. It was a highermargin business, and you look around on the other side of the lake here is a very low margin business called the cloud, and people look at that and say, why would we do that when we have such an amazing, fastgrowing, highmargin business . And that, i think, is the challenge. So to be able to see the secular trends long before they become conventional wisdom change your business model, change your technology, and change the product, is the challenge of business. In tech, it is unforgiving, but quite frankly, now that tech is part of every business, i think all of us have to deal with it. David so you get to be the ceo of this company. You are following two legendary figures. How do you go to them and say, by the way, the things you did,. Dont want to do anymore i am going to change things . Satya i was the consummate insider. I spent 25 years, 22 years or so when i became ceo, growing up in the company that bill and steve built. I understood like the back of my palm all the things we got right, and all the things we got wrong. And i had a point of view on what i wanted to do if i was going to become ceo. We now need to make microsoft thrive in a mobile first and cloud first world. It was not about trying to criticize our past or praise the past, it was about what we are going to do in the future . David one of the things you try to do to change the culture was to change what was known as a very proprietary culture at microsoft. Microsoft said this is the way we do things. We dont want to cooperate with other firms necessarily, competitors, or other kind of firms. How did you change the culture . Satya i said look, let me not these things as zerosum. If anything, let me approach, even who are our traditional competitors and say customers are hetero genius. They use some of what we do, and some of what you do. Lets figure out a way to combine forces where it is market expansive and it satisfies customers. So at least that is how i have approached it. And it is a lesson i learned in my early days at microsoft. David historically, windows and office were your two cash cows. They are still the biggest source of profit . Satya absolutely. David so after those two, and you suspect they will be a major source of profit for a long time. Absolutely. You have other things. You spent 26 billion, the biggest acquisition for microsoft ever, to buy linkedin. What does linkedin have to do with microsoft . Satya if you look at it, we have one billion users of Windows Office or Microsoft Office 365. And what is the Common Thread there . They are all professionals. They are all people who are trying to get things done. So, we have the professional cloud and the professional devices in the world. And the vision was to combine that with the professional network of linkedin. In fact, if you look at some of the integrations that we have since launched, you can be in outlook, you can get an email i can get in the mail from david rubenstein. I can go look up your linkedin profile, which i hope you have. David i will get one today. But yes. [laughter] satya and then sort of look up all the mutual connections we may have, so the idea that the professional network and the professional content can be brought together, i think ultimately it can be a big driver of productivity. So that is one. But one of the other big pieces which has been a real game changer for us is linkedin is the way people do business to business sales. If you want to be able to reach customers and sell, this integration is going to be a game changer. Ok. Same with talent management. So, i think we have a lot of synergies between the products that are now coming through. David you gave a statement about womens pay. Satya i just gave such an absolute nonsensical answer. When i talk to women who are very close to me, very senior, very successful women, that are key to microsoft and heard even their own personal experiences, that is when it struck me. David did you hear from your wife about that . Satya absolutely, my mom and my wife. David almost everything you have done since you have been ceo, the last three and a half years, has worked perfectly. The stock is up, the market value is up, everybody likes you. The only thing that i could find that anybody criticizes you for was you gave a statement about womens pay at one point, and you correctly, i think, changed your position the next day, but can you explain what happened . Satya absolutely. I was asked about pay equity, in fact, i gave such an absolutely nonsensical answer, which maria who was interviewing me was kind enough to correct me while i was on stage. Because i was answering a question literally using some past i mean, my own personal experience without understanding the broader context, the depth of that question, which is what is a person like me, who is the ceo of a company, doing to make sure that one, women can fully participate in our companies and in our economies, there is equal pay for equal work, and more importantly, there is equal opportunity for equal work . That was the real question. It was not about like him ok, what worked for you and what career advice you have for me . It was a great learning moment for me. It is something that i obviously in fact, when i talk to women who are close to me, very senior, very successful women key to microsoft and heard their own personal experiences, that is when it struck me how the job of a ceo in particular is to make sure that everyone, whether it is gender diversity or ethnic diversity, can first come into the company, do their best work, so that we can then serve our customers. That is a realization which i thought i had, quite frankly, but i am glad i messed up so publicly because i think i internalized the lessons from it. David did you hear from your wife about that . Satya absolutely. At that time, my mom was alive as well, so my mom and my wife. My wife had to give up her career because of our son. But even in my moms case, she struggled. She in fact, now i realize it a lot more than i did growing up, the tradeoff she had to make, where the system that she was working in did not support her reentry into the workforce after she had both myself and my sister. David so, you have about 125,000 employees, Something Like that. So, what percentage are male, what percentage are female, and how many senior women do you have . Technology is not a place where a lot of women have risen to the top yet. Relatively speaking. Satya in fact, one of the things we have made some Good Progress on is on the womens representation, which we have a long way to go. I mean you have got to remember that in tech we have a particularly tougher issue because of technology disparity in terms of gender diversity, but lets start with the progress, which is in the last year, we have gone from around we improved to 27. 7 of women coming into the organization, which is around two points more than historical. And in the technology side, where we have improved by four points. So thats, i would say, movement in the right direction, but not enough obviously. One of the other things our board also did was to change the compensation system for me as well as my directors, to say, look, numeric progress despite all the work that we may do, programs we may have, lets even tie compensation of the seniormost people, including the ceo, to real numerical progress. And so, we are doing everything, but quite frankly, it is going to take continuous vigilance, continuous push, and it is a top of mind issue for all of us. David you have only been doing this 3. 5 years, which is a relatively short tenure for microsoft ceos. How many more years would you like to do this . Satya you know, i have been at microsoft now for 25 years. And i think the thing that i feel that gives me that source of energy is really that sense of purpose of the company, because quite honestly it is not is not just i do not know how it is up to me or how many years i will be there. And i think it will be fun for me to do it each day and it is a real privilege to do it each day. We use our phones and computers the same way these days. So why do we pay to have a phone connected when were already paying for internet . Shouldnt it all just be one thing . Thats why Xfinity Mobile comes with your internet. You can get 5 lines of talk and text included at no extra cost. So all you pay for is data. Choose by the gig or unlimited. And now, get a 200 prepaid card when you buy an iphone. Its a new kind of network designed to save you money. Call, visit, or go to xfnitymobile. Com. David hello, i am david westin. Welcome to this Bloomberg Television special, a conversation with bank of America Merrill lynch ceo brian moynihan. As 2017 draws to a close, the head of the Second Largest Bank in the United States invited me to his office for an exclusive interview. As it turned out, we spoke the very day that the house and senate voted to pass a massive tax overhaul. We went into depth on his strategy for boa as well as his view on regulation and monetary policy, and his forecast for Global Growth in 2018. But i began by asking what he is hearing from his clients about the economy here in the United States