And coming up in sportsday at half seven, ireland book their place in the Rugby World Cup quarterfinals with a seven try win over samoa. Good evening and welcome to bbc news. Thereve been fierce clashes between turkish troops and Kurdish Militia in North Eastern syria. Much of the fighting has been in the border area near ras al ain. Turkey claims its military has entered the town, but the kurdish Led Syrian Democratic forces dispute this. Since fighting broke out on wednesday, nearly 50 civilians are believed to have been killed and more than 100,000 people have fled their homes. Ankara says it wants to establish a 20 mile deep buffer zone, across the frontier with syria, to keep out Kurdish Militias and resettle Syrian Refugees. From akcakale on the turkish side of the border our middle east correspondent martin patience has sent us this report. Despite the growing international pressure, turkeys not backing down. At the border, the build up continues. As turkey claims its taking control of a key syrian town. Gunshots. This pro turkish fighter says theyve just entered ras al ain. Almost immediately, theres incoming fire from kurdish fighters. Tens of thousands of civilians from the town have already fled. Some are now sheltering in this school. How do you explain it to a child . This boy says he was at school when he heard an air strike nearby. He says the whole class dived under their desks. There was shelling, says this man. I had to flee my house in the middle of the night. We didnt know where to go. We walked about six miles. And im sick and i dont have any medicine. But turkeys president says his fight is not against the Kurdish People. Translation the west and the us all together say to us, you are killing the kurds. The kurds are our brothers and sisters, our fight is not against the kurds it is against terrorist organisations. Driven from their homes by the fighting, thats not how these people feel. Martin patience, bbc news, on the turkish syrian border. And martin spoke to us from akca kale earlier. Bus loads of fighters heading towards the border as you were saying, they have the manpower and weapons and are after all a nato power and most people think that it is only a matter of time until these key targets fall under turkish control. They have already taken a string of villages from kurdish fighters and we are hearing news that pro Turkish Forces have reached a key highway 20 miles from the turkish border. Today was a day of significant military development. And despite all the International Criticism, president erdogan says this offensive will continue. We can speak now to wael alzayet who was a Senior Policy Adviser to the Us Ambassador to the un, Samantha Power and served as a policy expert at the Us State Department from 2007 2017. He joins us live now from washington. Thank you for speaking to us here on bbc news. First off really keen to get your feeling on what the current state of affairs is. What is president erdogans strategy here . Thank you very much. The turkish strategy seems to be focused on pushing the fighters away from the border and to clear them from the buffer zone that the Turkish Military is seeking to establish followed by what i presume enabling local governance with turkish help to reassert itself along the border and if there is another phase theyre able to employee would be sending back some Syrian Refugees into those areas. That last piece is extremely problematic if it is done without the voluntary return of refugees otherwise it will be a forceful displacement. What you make of president erdogans threat to weapon of president erdogans threat to wea po n eyes of president erdogans threat to weapon eyes the refugees when he was addressing the eu . That piece is extremely unfortunate. Syrian refugees have been really politicized. The Syrian Regime and russia through their actions really created them as a weapon to scare western europe including britain. Some would say the brexit vote happened because of the fear of Syrian Refugees. He is facing intense domestic pressure from his political opponents, and understands that the future of his party depends on what happens with the refugees. They seem desperate to decrease the numbers of them. Some say there may be as many as 4 million Syrian Refugees in turkey right now. Is this about Syrian Refugees or is this about Syrian Refugees or is this about Syrian Refugees or is this about kurds . It is about refugees and a fear of not necessarily kurds but kurds who seek Self Determination and establishment ofan Self Determination and establishment of an independent kurdistan in the region and as such who may carve out a piece of the turkish state. That isa a piece of the turkish state. That is a real genuine fear of the turkish population and both who support air turkish population and both who supportairand turkish population and both who support air and oppose him, turkey share that view and whether we feel thatis share that view and whether we feel that is exaggerated, that generally is held. If there is anything that unites the turkish public that is this issue. Is that the general feeling or the demands of the Kurdish People . When you read the analysis and they did speak i believe back in 2016, they said we dont want our own state. We want to settle in this area, we dont want an independent state. What do they want . First of all, i think it is a lwa ys want . First of all, i think it is always important to hearfrom want . First of all, i think it is always important to hear from the people affected directly. I am not kurdish, iam people affected directly. I am not kurdish, i am not a people affected directly. I am not kurdish, iam nota member of people affected directly. I am not kurdish, i am not a member of the white pg and i cannot speak in their behalf. But based on their actions, those two organisations seek an autonomous region that they control and nasa be that they exist. They do not want to fall under state authority whether it is syrian or turkish and they have counterparts in iraq who feel the same. In wpg. The Kurdish People do not subscribe to these views and are often caught in the middle of this struggle. Most syrians kurds do not belong to the wpg, they are about 10 of the population. Most of them do not describe to their ideology. They are normally practising sunni muslims and the wpg is a secular pseudo maoist organisation. Attorney to turkeys ally the United States and this threat of stations that only came after International Criticism of what turkey had done in launching this offensive, what do you make of that and what sanctions really hurt turkey . Sanctions could potentially hurt turkey. The economy has not quite recovered from the crisis it went through a few years ago. It has been exasperated by tensions with russia, iran, and the ongoing syrian conflict. It could have a potentially devastating impactand have a potentially devastating impact and depending on the scope and scale of the sanctions. The bigger issue here is we have now an open conflict at least in rhetoric between and within nato allies. This is extremely problematic from a geostrategic perspective. I can only imagine how happy Vladimir Putin is right now. Turkey served as the cornerstone of the Transatlantic Alliance to withstand soviet expansion after world war ii and here we are where we cannot figure out how to assuage the security and political concerns of a nato ally and protect incredible up orange counter isis partners. And what is important for your viewers and listeners to understand is it did not have to get to this point. In 201415, not have to get to this point. In 2014 15, there were plenty of opportunities to diversify our support for local counter isis fighters and the International Community and United States only chose the wpg knowing full well that turkey would never accept them being the main and leading force against isis. On the subject of isis and the wider stability and security of the region, what we know about the is sleeper cells in turkey . Because there is the concern that we will see a resurgence of them. Well before this conflict, i have been warning of a research and isis sibley because the International Community has assumed the caliphate has been defeated and they can go back home and they left the fighters left to closely 70,000 isis fighters we re left to closely 70,000 isis fighters were mostly european and in syria right now wash over by a few hundred sdf fighters. That needs to be the immediate focus today and those prisons right now are not within the buffer zone. So if we truly care about ensuring that isis does not return and standing by our sdf partners, we must immediate we augment our presence on the ground to assure they do not re emerge. In turkey we have less obvious control of what happens inside turkish borders but i am pretty confident that the turkish state does not want to see isis re emerge within its borders either. At a minimum, we need to help the sdf and local partners on the ground today, ensure that isis does not reappear in those areas of. Wael alzayet, thank you very much. Thank you. Thinking. Thank you. The biggest storm to hitjapan for 60 years has made landfall, bringing powerful winds and torrential rain to the west coast. Millions of people have been urged to leave their homes, ahead of the arrival of typhoon hagibis. From tokyo, Rupert Wingfield hayes reports. This is the hii river near mount fuji. Usually it is a Clear Mountain stream. Today, it was turned into a raging, boiling torrent. Across central japan, typhoon hagibis has dumped record amounts of rain. 0n the Southern Side of tokyo, the tama river is now close to bursting point. Tens of thousands of people who live along its banks have been ordered close to bursting point. Tens of thousands of people who live along its banks have been ordered to leave their homes. The big dangerfrom these sorts of events is water. Water is the thing that can do real damage, both if this river bursts its banks, if it causes landslides in the mountains or, of course, when it reaches the sea. As night fell over tokyo, the eye of the storm approached, bringing winds gusting to over 140 kilometres per hour. This is the centre of shibuya, one of the busiest places normally in tokyo on a saturday night. Only i have never seen it as deserted as it is tonight. In fact, the whole of tokyo is incredibly deserted. The centre of the storm has now passed to the north of the city and it does not appear to have brought the really destructive winds that were first feared. That is good news for everybody including, of course, rugby fans. Today, japans rugby team had to wade their way onto a sodden field for some last minute practice. Saturdays big match between england and france had to be cancelled. But there is hope that japan will be able to take on scotland on sunday in a match that will decide which team goes through to the knockout stage of the Rugby World Cup. Rupert wingfield hayes, bbc news, in tokyo. Earlier, we spoke to andrew higgins. Hes an english language teacher in tochigi, north of tokyo and he described what it was like there. Ive been feeling the apartment move back and forth quite a bit from the strong gusts of wind. I think im kind of in the middle of it right now. You have been living injapan for the past several years, you have been through a few typhoons how bad does this one feel, how worried are you . Im not too worried. There have been evacuation orders for parts of town. I dont live particularly near any type of river or mountain side, so those things arent really concerning to me. Ifeel like this one, people seem to be taking a little bit more seriously than your typical typhoon, so i think it is kind of good japanese people are starting to take things more seriously concerning preparation for the weather. Yeah, this seems to be a little bit more serious than some of the other ones i have been through. What kind of warnings, preparations have you been told to make . We get emergency alerts on our phones that tell us what level we are at so that we can kind of prepare. Personally, i have already filled up some Water Bottles and had some spare things put aside, i have got things ready to go if i need to leave, which is actually the first time i have done that since i have been here so, yeah, i think i am taking it a little bit more seriously as well we know that Million People have been told to evacuate, but it seems that not many have actually heeded that warning does that surprise you . Sometimes, ifeel that people kind of look outside and go, oh, its ok, im ok here. So, by first glance, you should heed the warnings, definitely if youre living near the water or mountainsides, stuff like that. Japan has seen its fair share of natural disasters unfortunately, do you feel the country is prepared for any eventuality, do you feel quite safe . I would like to hope so i dont quite, you know, fully understand how things work in japanese government, but they seem to say that they are watching out for us, so you can kind of only hope that they have got the best intent for us. Andrew higgins there. 0ther other news now. A former army chief lord dannatt has expressed his disappointment that proposed law, designed to increase Legal Protection for military veterans who served in Northern Ireland, has not been included in mondays queens speech. The Prime Minister had previously pledged to introduce the law before the next general election. New Research Suggests people in their 40s who are fast walkers, are aging more slowly. Using a simple test scientists found that the bodies of slower walkers were aging more quickly, their brains were smaller and their faces looked older. The headlines on bbc news. It is 17 minutes past seven. Theres been fierce fighting in North Eastern syria, as Turkish Military continue their offensive against kurdish forces. Typhoon hagibis makes landfall in Japan Bringing torrential rain and strong winds. Millions of people have been urged to leave their homes. The kenyan athlete Eliud Kipchoge makes history after becoming the first person to run a marathon in under two hours. We are going to stay with that story. Eliud kipchoge from kenya has become the first person to run a marathon in under two hours. The 34 year old covered the 26. 2 mile course, in one hour 59 minutes and a0 seconds. However the time set in austria, wont be recognised as an official record, partly because the run wasnt in open competition. From vienna, ade adedoyin has sent this report. 15 seconds. Eliud kipchoge came to vienna with his sights set on one thing. Running the quickest marathon ever. And from the word go, he was on track and well ahead of place. The Detailed Planning was paying off. Some 41 pacemakers have been employed by the organisers to be part of this challenge and every time they go past this point near the finishing line, they rotate. Just one of the many steps that have been taken by the organisers to ensure that kipchoge ducks under that two hour mark. Special shoes propelled the kenyan further forward with each pace. They calculated the optimum course and weather, taking into account his biorhythms and even projected a laser onto the road. But all this means it cant be ratified as a world record by athletics world governing body. Hes pointing. Come on, he says. As the finish line approached, the pacemakers stepped away and kipchoge strode into history. Into the final 20 seconds, Eliud Kipchoge. Looks over his shoulder. 1 59 a0 the unofficial time. Im the happiest man to run under two hours. In order to inspire any people. To inspire people, that no human is limited. You can do it. I expect more of that, for all of the world to run under two hours. Already a great athlete with world, and olympic titles, kipchoge will now be remembered forever. Ade adedoyin, bbc news, vienna. Joining me now from exeter is andrewjones, professor of applied physiology at exeter university. Hes advised many of the world top marathon runners including Paula Radcliffe and eluid kipchoge. Thank you for speaking to us on bbc news. First off this sub to our marathon was not considered humanly possible until within the last 20 yea rs possible until within the last 20 years people started talking about her. So what has changed . More recently than that probably. A few yea rs recently than that probably. A few years ago, the world record was by 202. That got athletes and scientists thinking about the many factors and what we can do to ove rco m e factors and what we can do to overcome them. A lot of things have changed over the last 20 years or more including footwear, clothing, training technique, nutrition, and the drafting strategy which is really important as well. To minimise the energy costs when a person runs a marathon. We saw some of the runners were running in a v formation to protect them from the wind. The statistics were really quite impressive. Do you think this would have been possible under normal race conditions the . He was running an average of 100 metres every 17 seconds which equity to about 422 times in a row. Maybe two hours, one minute and 39 seconds in berlin last year. That is the current world record. That is the differential we are talking about. We have to rumour that berlin and other courses are not optimised for running. There are twists and turns and you dont get the best weather conditions either. Both this attention on the previous run, with the 19 breaking to project, the nike break into project if theyre given the optimal positions to run to do it. I do not think it was entirely unrealistic because sprinters get those sort of advantages all the time. The make it ten or 20 opportunities in a season to get the best. This was just to give those marathon runners that same opportunity. Just tell us what actually he went through with his body in order to set this record. What had to happen . As you say, it is an incredibly fast speed he has to keep going. 16 seconds every 400 metres. Two minutes and 50 seconds per kilometre, that is astonishingly fast. He conditions himself in training to get used to that kind of stress and strain and he wouldve found the first half or 60 miles or so to be relatively used type micro good. But then there is a nagging petite that gets progressively worse as the race goes on. The mind will be saying stop and demanding his body to continue that speed. He did not have to go faster. He just had to maintain that really fast speed and at the end we found he was able to accelerate that last a 500 metres or so. An incredible feat of endurancejust or so. An incredible feat of endurance just not just the or so. An incredible feat of endurance just notjust the speed itself, the speech itself is very difficult for normal human beings to sustain even for 100 metres but to do it forjust sustain even for 100 metres but to do it for just then sustain even for 100 metres but to do it forjust then type micro less than two hours is amazing and one of the most amazing feats we have seen. You have advised him, what sort of mental strength would he have need to have had on that course today . lot. He is incredibly gifted physically. We have mentioned his physiology in the lab and on the track. He had all the right physiological credentials but the other thing you have to have especially in the marathon is incredible willpower. He is astonishing in that regard. He is in critical belief not just astonishing in that regard. He is in critical belief notjust in his own abilities but in his preparation, he is had since he was a teenager and with training partners. All that combined with the physiology plus the mental strength and fortitude and courage, lets forget not forget he was under incredible pressure. The world expected him to deliver today but he certainly did not let anybody down. He went out there and did it against all the odds really. Just a tremendous achievement. He thoroughly deserves that. He has been the best marathon runnerfor quite some that. He has been the best marathon runner for quite some time. This has been his dream to beat one in setting that history and i think it is only right to go under two hours for the first time. Andrew under normal conditions do you think him orany normal conditions do you think him or any other athlete would be able to repeat the record that was set today under normal race conditions . I think eventually sell. As ive mentioned already just i think eventually sell. As ive mentioned alreadyjust a couple of yea rs mentioned alreadyjust a couple of years ago, the world record was two hours, two minutes, 57 seconds. It is note just under that. Hours, two minutes, 57 seconds. It is notejust under that. Butjust weeks ago, an ethiopian runner ran 2 41. We are seeing more athletes to 2 02 then we have seen. And it is right across the world. It is not just these astonishing things elliot is doing. And i think 2 01 will be the norm and two hours will become the norm and two hours will become the norm. People will be inspired by what elliot has done and what has been made possible for them sometime in the future. What eliud is done. Andrew jones of exeter university, thank you very much. A worker at Manchesters ArndaleShopping Centre and a member of the public have been praised for helping to stop a suspect who stabbed three people at the centre yesterday. Counterterror Police Continue to lead the investigation into the attack. A 40 year old man has been detained under the Mental Health act. Mark edwardson reports. We think first this morning of those recovering from their injuries. At the Arndale Centre today, a very public show of support and reassurance for the people of Greater Manchester from its mayor, his deputy and Manchester City councils leader. Greater manchester always does what it does best, which is to come together, bring things under control, reassure the public. Thats what were doing this morning. An enhanced Police Presence too, officers some armed with submachineguns on patrol as shoppers went about their business. We had planned to come here all week anyway, so yesterday was no deterrent whatsoever for us. Itsjust going back to work, isnt it . Just a normal day, nothing to worry about. We are going to get over it, we will be there together, we will stand for each other. Every time we have had an incident in the past, that rich diversity of the city comes together as one, as mancunians, and says, we are going to get on with life. Police say a man with a knife lunged at people in the Shopping Centre yesterday. Three are being treated in hospital for stab wounds, two others were also hurt. A 40 year old man from manchester was arrested on suspicion of terror offences, before being detained under the Mental Health act. One of the things im asking the chief constable to consider is more use of stop and search powers. Greater Manchester Police have been making more use of those powers over the course of 2019. Actually, there has been a fall in knife crime here over the summer months. Police are investigating whether the alleged attacker had any political, religious, or ideological motivation. Mark edwardson, bbc north west tonight, manchester. Days after two teenagers were stabbed to death in london marches have been taking place across the capital and in 45 other locations in the uk to say no to knife crime. They started after a woman from croydon decided to make a stand of her own. Jon ironmonger has spoken to her. Chanting drop the knife save a life for all the concerns of londoners from tough talking politicians, every year for five years knife crime has increased in the capital. Today, marches were held across london and the uk to say not in our city. These are our streets, this is our community. Yemi, one of the founders of the movement is leading the march in croydon where her 19 year old son, andre, was killed in 2016. Knife crime just keeps on rising, is any of this working . We have tried different approaches. We have tried to ask for support from the government but there seems to have been no change, not in the three yearssince my son has been murdered. To have been no change, not in the three years since my son has been murdered. It is time now to start looking inwards at the the communities and say that we need to deal with this, this is our problem. The issue of knife crime is as stark as ever after two teenagers were stabbed to death on thursday an 18 year old in camberwell and Baptista Adjie who was found fatally wounded on the pavement in stratford. He was 15, still in his school uniform. Two boys have now been arrested on his suspicion of murder. It is an all too familiar story. Everyone here has recently lost loved ones in london, young men mostly, to a rising tide of violence that has seen more than 70 fatal stabbings this year. Its a sad day to be here. We should not have to be here but, unfortunately, we are here to raise awareness of what is going on in our society. Borisjohnson has promised to come down hard on crime extending Police Numbers and increasing stop and search powers. I do support stop and search because there is a knife in every home. My son was involved in an argument with another man. If there had been a policeman on that council estate, my son would be alive. For the families living with the tragedy of violent crime, its all they can do, to march, because the only thing they dont want is more of the same. Jon ironmonger, bbc news, london. Riot police have clashed with indigenous demonstrators in ecuadors capital quito for the 10th day in a row. Police fired tear gas and protestors responded with homemade mortars and fireworks. Demonstrators are demanding the return of fuel subsidies, scrapped by the government last week. Now its time for a look at the weather with phil avery. To speak with sarah. We have had slightly mixed fortunes today, havent we . We have. Some of us have had blue sky and sunshine but other parts of the country it has been a cloud and rain lasting through much of the day. This is one of the areas that saw the cotton sunshine in sterling earlier on in the day. But we still have that slow moving rather front through much of southern england through the ceiling and it will push its way northwards and it will push its way northwards and rain pushing across a good part of england. Heavy bursts on that. Clear skies for scotland and Northern Ireland, single figures with a touch of frost. Some mist and five pages here. Sunday we start with ingrid and wales rain. It gradually pushes towards the east during the day, sunshine returning it later in the afternoon but the rain will link up with southeast england and northeast scotland. 11 in newcastle, 17 in london and monday brings us more rain again from the south east of england at times. Some for Northern Ireland but not much for the uk for subchapters around 11 17 degrees. Apertures around 11 17 degrees. Apertures around 11 17 degrees. Apertures around 11 17 degrees. Bye bye. Hello, this is bbc news. The headlines Turkish Forces continue to strike targets in North Eastern syria,