Will struggle to make the necessary savings it needs to pay forjets, warships and armoured vehicles. She is the flagship of the royal navy. Hms queen elizabeth, commissioned by her majesty the queen earlier this month. At 218m long, she has space for a0 jet planes but defence in this century doesnt come cheap. The biggest warship the british navy has ever had cost more than £3 billion. Another Aircraft Carrier is being built in scotland. The ministry of defence wants to spend £178 billion on more military equipment over the next ten years but it has to make savings to achieve that goal. To do that it will have to sell buildings and make efficiencies. However, the Defence Committee is extremely doubtful the mod can make those savings from an already stretched budget. The Committee Says funding pressures will inevitably lead to a reduction in the number of warships, jets and armoured vehicles the mod can buy. The government is currently carrying out a defence review. It is widely expected to recommend more cuts. With the changing nature of and increase in global threats, it said britain needs to strengthen its armed forces but will the government have the cash to pay for it . Ian palmer, bbc news. Now on bbc news, click. This week the wired world of 360 video. The artistic world of marina abramovic. And the strange world of Quantum Computers. Imagine a computer that could crack the worlds most secure codes in minutes, design extraordinary new medicines, even pave the way to intelligent machines. Big Tech Companies like google, ibm and microsoft are all trying to be the first to achieve a breakthrough in the field of quantum computing. But we are not quite there yet. At the moment, if you want a quantum computer, you need all of this. You need your ionising lasers, your cooling lasers, and your processor. You need all of this, and currently all this can do is add a zero and a one. But it does do it in a really cool way. Quantum computers harness weird and wonderful phenomena seen only at very small scales. The data in an ordinary computer is represented as bits, each of which can either be zero or one. A quantum computer, instead, uses quantum bits, or qubits. Now, these qubits can be both zero and one at the same time. This is called superposition, and it is a key feature of a Quantum Computers unique powers. So, when a quantum computer adds zero and one, it is also adding a one and zero, and one and one, and zero and zero, all at the same time. So numbercrunching could in theory done much faster on a quantum computer. There are a few really important things that we know they will be to do, if we can ever build them. So one thing is searching through a data base. So lets say you have a list of a million items, say, and you want to find a particular item on that list. Well, all an ordinary computer can do is look through that list one at a time, the first item, the second item, and the third item, until eventually you find the item that youre looking for. A quantum computer can in some sense look at all of those items simultaneously. We know that Quantum Computers will be able to help artificial intelligences learn better, and learn faster. Optimising things in designing things if youre trying to design, lets say, the shape of a car so that air will flow over it in exactly the right way, that is an optimisation problem. It looks like Quantum Computers are going to be extremely good at that. And then there is code breaking. If you give an ordinary computer a code to break, it will try every possible combination, one at a time. But give a quantum computer a code to break, and it can try all the codes at once. This is a huge area of application of Quantum Computers, and its financially the driving force of putting money in the industry, and persuading people to build the things. The first government which has a functioning quantum computer which can break into secret messages is going to be at a big advantage, and maybe will want to try and hide away the fact that theyve got those capabilities. And, if superposition wasnt weird enough, a Quantum Computers qubits can be paired up, or entangled, and then can instantaneously affect each other from anywhere else in the universe. Well, thats all very well in theory, but it is really hard in practice. At sussex university, researchers are preparing for the challenge of scaling up their prototype Quantum Computers, to take them from handfuls of qubits on the lab bench to an industrial scale. So what you see here is an actual working quantum computer. As we are filming this, you can literally see an atom, for example, being in one state and another state simultaneously. And what you see on this screen is the evidence that that really occurs. That really is the atom in a very strange and counterintuitive state. Quantum computers have been on the way for a long time, the holy grail of science, and with that, it actually seemed nearly impossible to build them. So people felt maybe its just never possible to build such a machine. The reason why its so hard is because, to control quantum effects in such a way, allowing us to build a large scale quantum computer, is tremendously hard. Quantum effects like an atom can be an two different places at the same time, or entanglement, which einstein referred to as spooky, said is so hard to control. At the moment, these prototypes offer a glimpse of how these computers might work in the future. How will we use them when we have them . What does a quantum Computer Programme look like . The basic Building Blocks of a quantum Computer Programme are really very alien to us. Theyre things like superposition and entanglement. Those are the right high level concepts to put into our quantum Computer Programmes, but its very hard for the human brain to understand what entanglement is, and what its consequences are. Thinking of qubits connected by pieces of string actually works extremely well, to help us design and predict Quantum Programmes, and predict what theyll do. So perhaps a high level Quantum Programme manager of the future programme language of the future could look like a knot, or could look like childrens game of untangling fishing lines and seeing who has which fish. You imagine them going up and down, and coiled around, and the pattern of how those strings interact is your Quantum Programme. I do feel the programmers have a little bit of time to sort their software out, though, because the hardware is also still a work in progress. Ive gone underground to see Oxford Universitys quantum computer. The lab is a wizards paradise of lasers, vacuum chambers, and traps for atom sized particles. Its an ion trap. In the lab, they have achieved a world record level of control over their quantum bits. They can even show off by making a single qubit glow in morse code. Click. What will your quantum computer look like . It wont be this size . So ideally, it looks incredibly boring and incredibly small. So it takes an optic cable, two metres by one metre high. We think we can get this down to something the size of a shoebox in the next five years. Once you have everything in the right place. Once we have everything the right place, machined down, optimised and rather than made by physicists, than made by engineers. Rather having knobs, when you have enough people twisting them they do something right. Youre not looking to put more and more qubits into the same box, are you . What we want to do is build devices which contain five or ten qubits, but build many of these devices. A hooke them together with a network. So its the same as if you have a supercomputer. Nowadays, you dont have one big computer. You have lots of small computers, and data centres humming with lots of different machines. Thats what we envisage these things are. It does seem like it is not the most efficient design, if youre plugging lots of these things together with optic fibre, rather than making a quantum computer that has 50 qubits in one place. Yes, the most efficient device we could ever build would have all the qubits being able to talk to every other qubit. Thats ideally the place where you want to be. But you always get to the point where you cant put any more qubits in the device. At that point, we want to have a network we can build up. So, once youve got as big as you can with these techniques, you can then network them together to build bigger networks. The huge potential of quantum computing has attracted big tech players. Google told us it will have Something Big to announce in march 2018. Ibm has a 20 qubit quantum computer that researchers can programme over the internet. Both these companies are trying to build reliable Quantum Computers of around 50 qubits. Now, at this point they will achieve something called quantum supremacy, which sounds world changing, but it might not be. Why i dont like the phrase is that, when you cross that boundary, nothing instantaneously magical happens. Its just the point at which you cant predict what the machine would do. Its the point that the machine might be useful for something. But to be honest, we havent worked out anything that, say, a 60 qubit quantum computer could usefully do. So its into the uncharted territory, very exciting, but its not at the point where the quantum hardware is supreme. You should not throw away your phone or your laptop or your desktop and have a quantum computer instead. So, with more Tech Companies getting serious about quantum computing, there is now a place for them to show off their ideas. It is the Quantum Technologies fair, in london, and kat has been along to see what is on the quantum horizon. When it comes to quantum computing, a lot of the research seems to be happening in academia. But i wanted to find out how much of it is being taken away from the lab bench, for applications in the real world. Every stall at this fair is using the same tech used in quantum computing the principles of trapping, manipulating and measuring tiny, atom sized particles. But the Practical Applications here are creative, and potentially life changing, from diamonds used in Heart Disease sensing, to capturing individual virus particles. Theyre really designed to be able to measure very, very sensitively, at very small lengths. So its idealfor things like nanoparticles, like viruses, and indeed, for measuring chemical signatures, as well. Use the mouse to move that scale back and forth, it should be fairly obvious, when it flashes really bright. There you go, thats it. When it wiggles around, thats when youve got a particle trapped in your resonator. The ultimate aim is that viruses could be picked up using this diagnostic tool. But the main focus now, for most people here, is on overcoming the engineering challenge of making large, bulky systems a lot, lot smaller. Heavy industry, all the way through to defence and security, transport, and air technologies. Transport, and healthcare technologies. It is incredible to see how many stalls here are researching so many different areas when it comes to Quantum Technology. And theyre all working together, with an open source mentality, along with a lot of investment. The British Government spent £270 million over the last five years on Quantum Technology research. The collaborative element, especially the number of things that npl is involved in, because we have a lot of the Core Technology and science, and were just looking at what are the actual applications in the uk business world. From afar, a lot of the applications here still look like complex machinery, but anne curtis has been looking at its potential in an important area, far, far away. So one of the main applications we can use the Quantum Technologies for is quantum sensors. And what were doing in this experiment is we want to sense greenhouse gases, and measure how much there is, how that is changing over time. And one good way to monitor large scale systems is from space. To put something properly on a satellite, it has to go through all the space qualifying tests, so every item in there would have to be space qualifying. Most of the Fibre Technology isnt so good in space, due to radiation effects. But theres no reason why this couldnt be miniaturised and put up into space. Its just the next stage of funding. It is so hard to be here today and not feel excited about Quantum Technologies, but one thing everybody has said to me is that their particular real world applications are a few years in the future still. So, when it comes to quantum computing, it is still very much a case of watch this space. Hello, and welcome to the week in tech. It was the week that the federal Communications Commission in america voted to repeal rules on net neutrality, which had stopped Internet Service providers from offering different speeds and priorities for traffic online. The extraordinarily elongated asteroid called oumuamua was being checked for signs of alien technology. And, here on earth, the faces of 2 billion people can be compared in a matter of seconds with a minority report style system, dragonfly eye, unveiled in china. It was also the week that netflix was caught up in a creepy viewing controversy, after revealing on twitter that 53 subscribers watched the holiday film a christmas prince every day for 18 days in a row. Netflix defended the tweet, saying it represented overall trends, and not specific individuals. The city of San Francisco has banned the use of delivery robots on most of its sidewalks, stating not all innovation is all that great for society. Meanwhile, dutch police say it may not have been such a good idea to use eagles to catch drones after all. Who could have guessed . Seen here on click, the birds were trained to snatch the machines from the sky. But the cost of keeping them was too high, and they didnt always do what they were told. And finally, if youre missing harry potter, dont despair. Artificial intelligence may have a solution for you. A new chapter has been created for a book called harry potter and what looked like a portrait of a large pile of ash. Its plot twists include harry dipping hermione in hot sauce, and ron turning into spiders and trying to eat hermiones family. Wizard. Earlier in the year we looked at some of the 360 cameras that have taken off in 2017. Dan filmed with the new kid on the block, the insta one in berlin. And he came back very pleased with it. Easy to use, lots of features, including this bullet time mode, a bit like the film the matrix, where you can get a picture of yourself from all angles. But what have the more established names in photography got to offer us . Well, with christmas just around the corner, this time we sent dan to a suitably festive place to put two pro sumer 360 cameras through their paces. The ancient city of bath hosts a very traditional christmas market, one that i want to catch in the round. Ive got two cameras for the job. One is from kodak, the other is nikons. They look pretty similar, with two ultra wide angle lenses capturing everything, before the two images are stitched together in camera. But look closer, and you will see the kodak sporting two different lenses, one smaller than the other, superwide 235 degree lens. It also has the tiniest Remote Control in the world, and a slightly higher price tag than the nikon. Our producer has the kodak, while im putting the nikon through its paces. Now, we dontjust want to test these cameras out in the daylight, when all the conditions are absolutely perfect. For these cameras, we want to test them out to see what theyre like as it starts to get dark. Will the bright lights be a problem, and will we see all of the detail . Time to go for a wander and see whose 360 is best. Please dive in, ladies. Dont let me get in your way. And, in no time at all, i found the festive liquor stand. Not just wine, but flavoured vodka here, and the nikon is not put off by those flashing lights. But the image is a little dark, so we will brighten it for you in postproduction. There you go, and now you can see the other problem. The image stitching means ive almost lost my head, before touching a drop. The kodaks image is brighter than the nikon, but we found that the quality from that super wide angle lens was softer than the smaller lens on the other side of the device. Of course, youre best off with a stick attached to both of these cameras, otherwise your hands get sort of in the way. Now, to make the test fairer, we decided to see how these cameras fared back to back. Or front to front. Or back to front. Well, its difficult to tell, to be honest. We shot them side by side. Look at this. We found a 360 globe for a 360 camera. And its the nikon showing off more natural colours, benefiting from a more accurate light balance, although some might prefer the warmer kodak results, because it is very christmassy. At the chilly cider shop, the kodak warmed things up, while nikon kept things more natural and crisp. Both cameras struggled to stitch their shots together perfectly. This is the raw footage, with no touching up, and the nikon has done a reasonablejob. The stitching point is more visible on the kodak, partly because of the different qualities of those two lenses. On the upside, its kodak that offers the ability to play with how the images are stitched together in its free software, something the nikons more basic offering lacks. For sheerfun, the kodak also offers greater flexibility when playing back what you shot. This is Little Planet mode. And, if you want to do it on the nikon, then youll need some third party 360 software, which may mean additional cost. Finally, the thing everybody forgets when they use a camera sound. It is very odd being filmed by two cameras. Were being filmed as well, it is 360. Oh, goodness me. You can tell shes had too much cider, because hers moves around a bit. Im just cold we reckon both do a greatjob, but the nikon is slightly clearer, although the kodak offers the possibility of attaching an external mic. So which camera will enthusiasts be hoping santa brings them this year . We think the kodak edges it for easier post production, while the nikon has a better shot. But, if youre hoping for a trouble free, cinematic, seamless result for under £1100, you may have to wait until Something Else takes off. At least for now. This is acute art, a Virtual Reality arts platform, and a gallery without walls. And its about to launch, with vr works by some of the worlds leading contemporary artists. Amongst these works is one by marina abramovic, the self confessed grandmother of performance art, who pushes her own body to the limits to challenge and move people. Ok, well, theres marina, in a tank of water. Well, she seems to want to talk to me, but the water is rising up her body. Immersive player, in real life, where someone rescues another person, or offers aid of any kind, there is a transfer of energy. Approach the water. I think she wants me to touch the glass. Make contact. 0h. Oh, ok, right. Now im somewhere very cold, and everything seems to be going wrong. As always with vr, you really get a sense of scale. I mean, that ice shelf looks absolutely enormous, and its crashing down right in front of me. This work is an expression of marinas fear that humans will not survive the consequences of climate change, if we dont change our behaviour. We can go to a News Conference now on the crash in birmingham. we can go to a News Conference now on the crash in birmingham. I am here with my colleague from West Midlands fabulous service. What i intend to do today is to read a short statement of the facts as we know them so far. My colleague will do the same. We will be available for brief questions. What we know, we we re for brief questions. What we know, we were called at 11 minutes past mother macro this morning to a report of a serious collision on Belgrave Middleway in birmingham edgbaston. Three vehicles were involved in the collision in the underpass involving at least nine people and this resulted in five people and this resulted in five people confirmed dead at the scene. One later in hospital. There are others who are injured, some taken to hospital, and all believed to have non life threatening injuries. All of our thoughts are with the families of those who are injured and deceased, especially in the run up to christmas. Police officers from the Collision Investigation Unitare from the Collision Investigation Unit are investigating the circumstances around this collision, and have closed roads for the foreseeable future. The road will be closed for several hours. It is expected to be clear later today ahead of the rush tomorrow morning but please follow the West MidlandsPolice Twitter account for more information about that. We have Traffic Management in place while we are investigating. Everyone is advised to avoid the area wherever possible. We are still in the process of letting families, next of kin know. As a result, we are not in a position to release information about any of the people involved in this collision. There are a number of specialist officers working with families and at the scene and will do so the next few days to try to understand the causes of the collision. What i would say is can i remind anyone who is reporting on this or has information around this to respect the well being and welfare of those involved and families involved at this very tragic time. Anyone who does have information for the police, please can you drink 101 175 from the 17th of december and we will treat that information sensitively and quickly as possible. Please can you ring 101. I have spoken to the officer in charge at the scene and he described it as charge at the scene and he described itasa charge at the scene and he described it as a harrowing incident and harrowing scene and asked me to pass on his thoughts for families and everybody involved. It is a tragic incidentjust everybody involved. It is a tragic incident just before everybody involved. It is a tragic incidentjust before christmas. That is all i have in the press statement. I will hand over to my colleague and then we will answer questions. We will leave that News Conference. That was superintendent Sean Phillips confirming six people have died in that tragic traffic collision in birmingham. Five are confirmed dead at the scene and one died later of their injuries. The other injured casualties, the Police Spokesman said, have non life threatening injuries, and they are getting in touch with next of kin, so they are not releasing names of victims. They are appealing for information from the public. You are watching bbc news. Good afternoon. Six people have died, and a seventh is in a critical condition, after a car crash in central birmingham. Six vehicles were involved in the collision which happened just after 1am at an entrance to an underpass, just south of the city centre. Four others needed hospital treatment. Police described the scene as very difficult and upsetting. Tom burridge reports. Horrific and upsetting is how the Emergency Services described the scene. This black taxi