Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi advocated for an Indo-Pacific region where international law applies to all countries, freedom of navigation and commerce is ensured, and the interests of non-participating countries are considered. He also addressed the need for an effective Code of Conduct in the South China Sea that complies with UNCLOS. Modi's comments came in response to China's territorial claims over the South China Sea. He unveiled a 12-point plan at the India-Asean Summit, emphasizing connectivity, digital infrastructure, and counter-terrorism.