Transcripts For ALJAZ Balfour 20240704

I think the camp are the hardest hit at the beginning because of the war. Weve seen examples of entire families completely obliterated by the fact that 9 family members of trump all coming from one family that were killed in the attack on the Residential Home paramedic civil events, a coupon. Its very difficult to remove. Well. Busy and i need people to from under the levels and transfer with them to unlock the half of that where its another, a tragedy has the hospital doesnt have enough medical supply, know is sufficient. The medical desktop to intervene and see why that bundled on top of the, the 5 the how could i turn into a evacuation zone . Were hundreds of people inside the hospital, but its been going on for the past few weeks, more concentrated on the center of the area including also there and but i to dig at here and when he was a. Busy it is, they might, is really monetary to me by the way, to, in order to avoid being gone. But anyway, theyre getting bonding killed in that area. I get a little bit out of how did of most of the children, women are among the casualties the. They have the largest figures and everything about facts. So far. Ive been 90 is really on the ive been fire on palestinians waiting to collect food tassels in kansas city. At least 6 people were killed and 83 injured. Aerial footage recorded in gaza shows the wide spread destruction in the shape road one neighborhood. The area in the north of kansas city was on the intent is really air not hillary attacks before troops launch the ground defensive to the fall of the palestinian childs killed by is ready for it isnt occupied East Jerusalem, says israel as imposing restrictions on receiving his body, so 10 year old rummy l. How hooley was shot in the chest, playing with fireworks . They are a chick point close to the show. A fond refugee camp on choose day. You kind of government has and filed and you definition of extreme is an under which susan groups will be blocked from government funding. The change comes weeks off, the Prime Minister versus the neck wound off what he called a shocking increase in extreme this disruption that risk, the country tipping into more mobile rule. Or the government says the problem has intensified since as rounds. More on concept. Again, its already the case that we have a definition that is the 2 in full government and its interaction with other organizations and its already the case. The government has said it wants to make sure that it doesnt work with extreme groups. What were doing today is making sure that the definitions play and making sure that appropriate Due Diligence is undertaken. So exercising already existing gigi with a breach of degree of care. Now jerry is president scarlet center who has said the government will not pay a rent since a kidnapped School Children gum and abducted more than 290. 00 students and start from a school in the northwest and could during the state last week that demanding more than 600000. 00 for the site for 2, and if the victims now the 61. 00 people have been kidnapped and a 3rd attacked by gunman in the state. And one week as a proposal to install a new political leadership. And heidi has had a road long cough to some opposition parties rejected the move. The plan was to create a transitional president ial council to select an interim government. Meanwhile, relative calm has returned to the capital, puerto prince. After weeks of gang violence, some banks and businesses have reopened, bit schools, fuel stations, and the 2 main airports remain closed. Well, those are the headlines. The news continues here on notice era of the bell for seeds of discord. Up next the the voice of david ben green in declaring the establishment of the state of israel in may 1948 the. 2 the ball for declaration was in letters sent by British Foreign secretary Arthur Balfour, a member of the british house of lords. Lord rothschild on the 2nd of november 1917. The the letter sent to a leading figure in the British Jewish Community over a 100 years ago. Had repercussions which even its authors cannot have imagined the, whichever, its really intentions. It went on to have a profound impact on the middle east and its people. And its, its that still resonates across the region today. The in 1914, the soldiers were fighting on the battlefields of europe. In the 1st world war, the allies, britain, france, and russia felt the central powers of germany, austria, hungary, and the Ottoman Empire for 4 years. But the land and sea ward was not the only valuable ground muscle was also the flex behind closed stores as allies conspired. How to be drawn maps to their own advantage. When the conflict eventually sir, mark sikes for the british and french spanish, or should be cool for the french plots and how to divide the arab lands of the Ottoman Empire. Assuming its would find the default, dislikes pico agreement, nancy quickie to divide it into french and british spears of influence. Friends taking most of the bones, southern anatolia and the muso area. While the british extended their control over the southern lafond expanding east towards the bus, dad and boston, and all the nan between their weeping gulf and the french territory. Historic palestine tends to part of the Ottoman Empire, was a bone of contention and would be put under International Administration that police tina, pulsate on. Good. I always nice boss. I called a pass good to move to the police book. Well, best good to follow that buddies. Teen that falls either tightly scrutiny off by the students. They dont route out and show through the just show that bodies think that the ice box screwed up. I just seen it or like you, my pause, youre good. I distress her. Cant just trust to that, blah. Key, man, i dont tell you something. What did she do there . K, i mean, down, im not sure that that down that trying to do that, but its different than what was that decided develop for you . By the funny ask you, bob. Was it that brought up on quite a while with us . How the thats a lot can be a what i can let me when i come back here. I think the british felt that there had not been enough government involvement, including the sites, the co agreement with the french and then that process they had not really protected their interests well enough for a post world war era in which the British Empire would continue to seek to be a dominant force in european affairs. And so really officials across whitehall, including mark sikes himself, felt it was a bad deal that had been just in case he left miss edit and the people not to have it. So you need one of your not to just mean the whole yeah. From home. The data for the scene when you, when the home. Yeah. And it was you would see from the scene. Ok. Ill take on a fence. Well, i dont have to come in to have them enough who are let me click on a i many of class and i many and the then that for. And its a huge significance that when theyre making these discussions, jews, and so on, its not discussed. Juice, but not to feature in the new caught telegraphy at the mid lease, which was to be based on the idea of the arab nation. The sign is in was the movement supporting the establishment of a jewish homeland in the area. It defined as the historic night and of israel. The movement was active in early 20th century london, especially the cause of the persecution of jewels in russia and eastern europe. Theodore heard sol had found a design Just Movement in the late 19th century. But jewish people in western europe had no to us to support it because they were integrating quite successfully into society. Zionists believed that all jews should some day return to that country. One of the problems was that palestine belong to the Ottoman Empire. And the Ottoman Empire was not clear that it wanted massive jewish immigration into palestine. And the British Government offered to let jews move unimpeded in great numbers into uganda if they wished. But in any event, it really didnt happen. And it didnt happen because a majority of scientists, so that hurtful was selling them out. And that the only place for jews to move back to at least conscious design is choose to move back to was palestine. In this, i think britain began to look on design. This movement is a possible partner in justifying or read negotiations of their agreement with the french. You see, for britain simply to claim territory against what theyve already concluded in an agreement with friends, could create diplomatic problems at the british. But if they were to make a claim to palestine, not out of self interest, but in order to advance a great historic ideal of the restoration of the jewish people to the legal homeland. That this could justify an adjustment of the terms of sites pico, in a way that the french would accept the british wanted somehow. Uh and uh and more and more increasingly, they felt that the jews held the key to winning the war. And so they had to figure out how to bribe the jews to support the to sir, mark sikes had succeeded in drawing the line he wanted from acre in the west to cook in the east. But for some government, this was not enough to limit the british for using the Jewish National movement to secure ca this time for themselves is this is what hind bites then is really going to find open ears and 10 downing street in the for an office in the Colonial Office and its paving the way towards that critical decision in november of 1917. And so i think you can direct, you can draw a direct connection or between britain, the southern acknowledgement of zionism as an idea and an ideal, and what they were dissatisfied with them. The terms of sykes pico hi, invite. Simon was a chemistry lecturer in manchester, who had become a prominent member of the british scientist movement. He was politically well connected and rub shoulders with senior figures and government so high and vitamin was russian by birth. He was a chemist. And then he joined the Zionist Movement. He climbed in the Zionist Movement. He moved to Great Britain before the war, well before the war, maybe 10 years before the war began. He was not before the war, very well known in the english Zionist Movement. He was pretty well known in the world. Zion is federation, but he was by no means the most visible zionist when world war one began in Great Britain. Weitzman later wrote in his memoirs about having been introduced a British Government minister Herbert Samuel samuel was to wish, but vitamin was apparently concerned that he might be anti zionist. However, Herbert Samuel turned out to be extremely receptive devices and went onto right in official memo in 1915, sitting out a number of different possibilities for palestine and the jewish people. The town was the huntsman hickey and for who were come by the name of fluids and the abyss. Yes, it was. Who it cut them was a cut out. Im full of steam lumina. I knew it was a little from in the, uh, from the time has been out of me and left a hello and know who a when the a, who did the who yeah. Need marquez, uh know, should when her comment and pretty funny you got the move up, cut off, and then her cool met and not sure, but the seed with all those things i had mentioned to you and how to well, how about the steam i left the steamer, let them hope see in the late o d o t c. And the shimmering and a brief on the 15. 0, lets see it a book. But if somebody had only a who the comment was. Yeah, and you can, but he didnt find willing eaters in whitehall or in the Colonial Office for schemes that involved the establishment of a jewish state in palestine. Britain was really concerned with 2 things by the time that the 1st world war had broken out, they brought it to with the board. First and foremost, this was an imperative for the survival of britain that its empire. And secondly, they want to ensure that coming out of the board victorious, that their empire would benefit from the victory. So at this stage, i invite simmons and Herbert Samuels ideas about the rights of the jews to settle in palestine did not find much sympathy in the corridors of power in london, at his appointed fights monroe to a friend, asking whether there wasnt at least a discussion to be had about what he called the chance for the jewish people. I realize, of course, he went on. We cannot claim anything. We are much too optimized for it. What to do, however, was to throw together vitamin the russian, jewish immigrants searching for a homeland and refuge from persecution. With Herbert Samuel lords rothschild for members of the british, jewish leech established in society and part of the political and capitalist class. So it isnt for the most part across all of the community was actually in the minority, but certainly most of all within the jewish or late because its threatened the notion of them as a 100 percent committed members of pursue society. And this was complete and thats my for somebody like every montague to become secretary of state for india. For him, john is in mrs. West nightmare, the idea of the jews, and not satisfied simply with being citizens of britain or other countries around the world. But are always willing to go back to the end of his route for him. He wanted to demonstrate that the jews at present were 1st and foremost british a simpleton. To remember that for people like rock child design is that actually been a threat. You see the elite in british jewelry had fought for generations to gain acceptance in british society. It was only with the arrival of dis, really in the 19th century, the jews entered parliament and could rise to become Prime Minister. And for people of high finance or banking interest, the really elite of the Jewish Community of britain, their struggle to demonstrate their place in british society. When the design isnt with his claims that jews were a people the part and should be a nationalist movement in their own right. For a nasa with danny lamb. But he yeah, nice talking to you and how to see the vehicle off the body. Yeah. How to get ahold of the when the he again i stuff ive done many gets it. I went to going to be the whole the fee or but id be havent been to having to hold off. Yeah. And do that to shift that and this will be a bit of funding for the money, but im going to be, i have, i mean for flash one of us have the have you my, i mean, so you how to cosign you mean, what is that x vitamin intervene share a much a shields, a lovely little mind to the to anita, might the facility keep building the list of breed t u, haul it and then with the to only come vitamin rush like thats mostly but instead of the mission of the theme, kids vitamin that makes the difference, and i think he was probably unique in his ability to persuade, leaving british figures that the jews were, in fact a vast subterranean influence which they were not. That old jews were zionist, which was far from the truth. And that therefore they t to winning jewish support was to offer them palestine. Vitamin talked up the degree to which the Jewish Community supported zine has them in order to get his message across to the government. But for the british, it seemed to be about self interest. About winning the war. Recognizing zionism would be closely linked to gaining global jewish support for this objective on which it saw its future resting to the british motives for supporting sign is a way we can pull it down to 2 elements of british self interest. At that time. Not an emotional interest in time as soon or a lot of jews and the jewish plights, and the desire for return of the jews to the how the land know for very specific self interest matters of policy. They were a festival. All of the British Government agreed that they wanted to mobilize behind britain and the allies this idea of jewish power in the world. They were like all of the different policy lights in the wall believers in the notion, the jews with tremendous influence in the corridors of power around the cloud. If the British Government appeared to support signs in they would, we know the well to read to the side and know that entitled to finish, were convinced that sign assume it was really at the center of the jewish homes in may. 1916 sir. Mark sikes had agreed to secret deals with the french sykes because which formed the basis of the future carpet of the old Ottoman Empire. So immediately turned his attention to palestine, 2 parts of the Ottoman Empire and how to use scientist ambition. Altima knew the french formal contact between the British Government and design. This followed. He immediately phoned Herbert Samuel and told him about the plan and Herbert Samuel vin phone. Hi m. Vitamin and vitamin brought with him nay, hum, suck. Hello. This meeting took place on the 11th of april 1916. It took place at moses casters house and made a val and gaster wrote in his diary afterwards how proud he was. That this meeting which he thought was the most important meeting that had ever taken place. In the history of zionism had taken place at his house. A 0 one, mark sikes, the on the its out of ive had a can still hear me. Oh was she for some of my gust of i know who attended rooms stand by and jelia who the best buy them a lot to do it. All right. One who in the, in the army so far north of all who in the site the couldnt unload your emotions. Gas to very quickly understands that sikes is looking to gain support from suppose a jewish power in the world and gets to works with this idea. And manipulates this to consolidate. Sikes is interested in science and we say actually the bench come, becomes very close to ready, not say, 16th of issuing a public declaration in simple design. Isnt there in the, in this doesnt happen that year. The plan psych scott Herbert Samuel to pass on to design is peters, involved the joint british French Administration of palestine and a charter guaranteeing british the court before zionism. Much his idea was rejected. The they didnt want an anglo french condominium in palestine. They wanted the british to protect them, not the french. And thats because they thought that the french always sort of converted their colonized people into becoming frenchman. And what they wanted was to remain as self conscious jews. And they thought that the british would leave them alone and let them do that. And your scripture must be hilton levine, become bikes, mom, vegas. So kind of a way behind the ship, a breed team. Let me see whats ashley look, orchestra. Huh. I brought him, put him to the bay, much not unique. Can you see . Got time. Are you these donors go just want to get them done with the family. It will be hopefully youve been loyal to name a really by much im i will i much muscles rubbed at the bottom of minutes. Nothing is happening. Evolution, dont you like them . Why dont we just go with them is bolstered by their new found credibility. Theyre producing sinus nonsense, making specific demands after the sikes meeting, but event soon overtook them. On the 6th of december, 1916 british Prime Minister asked chris resigned in the change of government, arthur golf, or became foreign secretary under Prime Minister David Lloyd George like george c. C. That is, the has been cut off today, cut off from us by you. Some of them was that off the window december. The full excited. So flash your card in the hole and the in the to be a what that mean on the see he and both of fun to you. One no, to buy. And i had up inside the company he is difficult and was really hoping to see if youre gonna fain oh, for was a rather philosophical bent a. And i think he wanted to thinking theological terms. You wanted to thinking historical terms and uh and it was, it was that frame of mind. I think that the, the approach, the whole question. Yes it thats the follows my assignment was how it and my flesh means its of, of a sex vehicle. Have you so yes it was. Thats how cool mcclurg george and the, and they can come at the attack at home a task with why both of them. And so was in how did you can us by the, on the doesnt mind been heavy and that im of the David Lloyd George h. I filed for an order status. Its important to pass a declaration with in the British Government. We can absolutely categorize as being ribbon with anti semitic thinking, and not telling me that, but the thinking behind the baffled declaration that drove them to the basket. That creation was from this anti semitic. So the idea of jewish pallets of jewish cohesiveness, and of a unified jewish attachment design assume above all else spaces. The relationship between the british design of the government would continue to grow throughout the 1917 meeting. So the declaration would change the face of the middle east and ultimately determined the destinies of 2 different people. The the latest news as it breaks for save only those deliveries of food. I didnt really need that because at the acute level of hunger and medical supplies need to r, rawlings to with detailed coverage, no sooner to repair works for did this really, military rates were soon and there is more property destruction from the hearts of the story. This 10 has been a home and the only shelter for us and when a family, the Living Conditions are for griffith. This freedom of speech on the internet are right for something, but not for others. How is seen in or out of the content has been removed or restricted when he often has in just 0 world investigates, where the social media platforms moderate content equally, especially in times of complex. Theres a good understanding of the matter is the press. There are the standards between Israel Security services and other parties like my to close cyber space on adjusting it out in the biggest global direction you out in history, the worlds biggest democracy, off its own epic showdown. Join me 3 new oxygen in this new ballpark. Cvs focusing on india in this episode, and examine how in the pricing, the got it in ism veterans to the gun to clock back on at the country, founded on secular ideas. Being the board, fox one on the and im tell mccrae and uh these are the top stories on al jazeera is rarely strikes of killed at least 9 people from the same family and central cancer. The of tank targeted their home and the ovaries. Refugee can 5 children are among the dead because the Health Official site is rarely strikes of killed 69 pellets to means in the past 24 hours. Of an idea is really on the open fire on palestinians waiting to collect food puzzles in kansas city. At least 6 people were killed and 83 injured aerial footage recorded in guns that shows the wants for destruction in the sake rod one neighborhood. The area in the north of kansas city was on the intent is rarely ever not hillary attacks before troops launched a ground defensive. The father of a palestinian childs killed by his rarely forces unoccupied East Jerusalem says as well as imposing restrictions on receiving his body through 10 year old from the l. How holy was chosen a chest about playing with fireworks . There are chick point close to the suicide refugee camp on tuesday. The u. K. Government has on file the new definition of extremism under which certain groups will be blocked from government funding. To change comes weeks up to Prime Minister wishes to neck, wound off what he called a shocking increase in extreme this disruption. The government says the problem has intensified since, as well as war. Wrong cons that began so really the case that we have a definition that is the 2 in full government and its interaction with other organizations. And its already the case. The government has said it wants to make sure that it doesnt work with extreme groups. What were doing today is making sure that the definition and making sure that appropriate Due Diligence is undertaken. So exercising already existing gigi with a greater degree of k. So jerry is present in boulder, tentative who has said the government will not pay a rent since a kidnapped School Children coming, inducted more than 290. 00 students and stuff from a school in the northwest and could during this type last week, demanding more than 600000. 00. And now the 61 people have been kidnapped in the food attacked by government in the state. And just one week a proposal to install a new political leadership. And heidi has had a roadblock up to some opposition. Parties rejected the move. The plan was to create a transitional president ial council to select an interim government. Relative calm has returned to the capital, portable prince. After weeks of gang violence, some banks and businesses have since reopened those of headlines. The news continues here and ill just share of the bell for seeds of the school and stay with us. Of the 1st world war visits, britain, france, and russia against germany, austria, hungary, and the Ottoman Empire. The british in the shape of the diplomats are mark sykes, were determined to divide the ultimate territory in a way that best suits a done once. The war was over for their own strategic interest. By 1917 to the war was shifting in the allies, fever and in the middle east. The british were moving through a sign i towards the borders of historic palestine. Further north, the Russian Revolution in february 1917 cast doubt on russias continued involvement in the war. As richard and friends tried to out to maneuver one another, the british scientist movement to con, increasing political importance. Sykes wants to get back in touch with the scientists and think about how to incorporate scientists and british planning for palestine. And at this moment we see a hugely important meeting taking place in the home of moses guestimate about in february of 1917. And this is the point in which sikes meets the 1st time con fights man. And im so kind of and other scientists in which its discussed what design is looking for. And the british interest in scientists, and so he had to bring designers to long without divulging what were the secret agreements that britain and france had come to with regard to palestine, which was that they would jointly administer parts of palestine at this meeting for the British Government was sykes and Herbert Samuel was there. On the other side, there were a vitamin and suck hello. And there was moses gaster, and he brought a couple of his allies because he realized that vitamin was beginning to push him out of the way. The other very important figure was james ross child who attended this meeting. At the meeting, it became clear to sykes that vitamin not gaster was the most important zionist. This is also the moment when moses guest is dislodged. Sykes is potent on the front side because havent lot gusta gas to have been in the system. They should be a to states and nothing less coming into being off to the wall. And pico clearly wanted sign is too much more willing to compromise with the interest of the great powers and nothing so glove assigned by soon was certainly happy to fit that bill. The meetings between design this and the government seemed to give moment them to the idea of british support for a jewish homeland in palestine and their potential role in its administration. But the secret psych speak agreement between britain and friends which formed the basis of the future division of the Ottoman Empire. Planned to put palestine under International Administration. Any change would have to be negotiated with friends. Now i am so kind of emerged as the man to talk to the french in the whole sort of way or the to a be story. Uh a the issue michel that was yeah, sure he gave them. I have a big issue very booth. Tanya sucka low became the acknowledged lead diplomat for zionism and all the accounts say that he had an extremely sort of elegant bearing and wore very fine clothing and that his manners were polished and polite and smooth, silky smooth. So that he could talk on an equal basis with the representatives of the germans kaiser or the British Government or whatever. So the day after the meeting between sikes and the zionist leaders, sikes but. Busy lot, circle low to meet the french diplomat. Pico, what sykes wanted was for suckle lo. To a persuade pico that zion is in, must be taken seriously that zion is, im really was the key to winning the war and, and, and that design. And this would only help the allies when the war, if britain was the main power in palestine, not france felt like off the cool. I did not get ahold of may puffy, said mall still quite off without false applause. You wont provide your huh. Id like to talk for that cool. Ive reached that. Could you use actual re key check . Dont that got you, which i thought that go, ill buddy. See it all started last time. We all pers, these 100 kids off sick on say patrick without that. Yeah. Home well, so i thought i could, well, i might tell you the heavier mon sykes and of so in the circle of funeral for a separately and, and they will effort on. So we, im going to have to shoot kind of slow through my more election and british cabinets or that of, and the pollution from. So we thought of in what had been for alice, the covenants in english, a or low in the already listed on. So we into allows us to be, its hard to know how much influence sykes ultimately had overpaid his policy making. He was given more prominence and british policy making around of at least during the war years than he ever deserved. He was a relatively ill educated, inexperienced man, whose only connection to the ottoman world had been as a tourist. So for this man to be playing such a role in the holes of power over deciding british policy towards the near east, seems to us today to be anomalous. Indeed, ridiculous. Regardless of sikes roll, thinks continue to progress for the zionist. And in june 1917 British Foreign secretary arthur ball for as high invites and to present his demands as a declaration. And promised to try and persuade his government to adopt the leading scientists form the Political Committee and drafted their demands. And then submitted them to the British Governments. This original documents was one of the 1st drafts routes and at the Imperial Hotel in london. On the 17th of july, 1917. It also introduced a new term as concept, the National Home of the jewish people. So in the initial sign is drafting a of the declaration and they would protest months. So honestly does to nothing so close that there is no mention as a terminology of a jewish state. That is said the talking about a National Home. I said this is a trial of what the scientists are trying to achieve. And so close response was that we mustnt go too far. We have to take small steps. We have to go with what is acceptable to the British Government at this time. And then slowly, slowly, we can advance that cause once we have this in hand, the last thing i know im, im stuck in a simple list that i wasnt company. Yeah. The nice im a seller. And if it, if it worked. Yeah, i know that that would be yeah, i mean, mobiles you had been could be a why can you can 2nd government has helped them that youve gone through them. Can them stuck a while there several times over the, from the last what the video to kind of thing. On the 18th of september 1917, there was a meeting of the british war cabinets. The foreign secretary Arthur Balfour was absent the secretary of state for india, edwin montague, who was to wish strongly disagreed with the declaration. He was opposed to zionism. Instead, i denied the palestine is today associated with the jews or properly be regarded as a 5th place for them to live. Montague stopped a french declaration supporting zionism in june. 19. 17 was anti semitic, and negotiated changes to the british version. As it went through several drafts, i see a lot of us and why its kind of less than a tough of it at the bar in the back. How via the to the who, the and english in the out of the, im assuming it in the you have a tune and i la setup. I had them into must have been helpful to see a see it and then your hood and you will see me in fig fee. The one. Yeah. And in the gotta be really been. Ive got to have the quote thats odd, but is it on the home . She like im a like she will a month ago and she will receive lots of buffalo. See if shell move should numbers for your eyes are fewer things, but your general you didnt come by that. Look, people gonna of of cameras. Fortunately, you dean bill is still damn road. People gonna that the civic . No, its for sure. Well, theres a month of you a few days later, secretary of state for war by counts known there and the jewish politician, philip magnus, sent a modified version to the cabinets. It incorporated some of montague changes including the cab. Yeah, thats quote. Nothing shall be done. Thats my prejudice, the rights and political status enjoyed by such jews who are fully contented with their existing nationality and citizenship. The drafting is especially by lord milner that appeared by september was closer to the language that would eventually be adopted in november of 1917. Namely, speaking, not about palestine as, as a whole of but a, some sort of presence in palestine on behalf of the jews of which is quite different kind of came in the lab, but the phone at home on the inside of it and look at or is the nation and whole yeah, need a lift that if the told me here and look at a nation and homo homer and its not partial feet available, hes building why its not as youll see, a lot of them, im an old but not the v nation in hong and not but then i think a nation at home. Yeah. Nice work. Im calling leo did see follow seeing the committed scientists wanted to ensure the declaration was clear that the whole of historic palestine would be a National Homeland, exclusively for the jewish people. The, the latest draft was sent to hind weitzman, who in turn sent it to the Zionist Movement in the United States for their feedback. There was some consultation, you know, during the summer of 1917 with the United States and, and the early drafts that had had the imprint of the zion is the uh, elements in britain i would have referred to palestine in its entirety as being for some sort of jewish entity and those elements eventually were modified before the drafting was finalized. Another key part of the terminology, the emotions out at the drafting was in some british redrafting, where instead of for the jewish people, it was written the jewish race. Eventually this was taken out, but i think its very revealing that british officials wanted to use this kind of terminology because of tool. This was how they understood the use of the world as being a racial group when it loaded tremendous power. And also could be in spot all together is one unit behind the course of sine is supported by britain and the allies. Its tracking that the existing era people in the region were not named at all. Theyre simply called the quotes, existing non jewish communities in palestine. They werent getting to it, but so yeah, it was, i mean, how do you just play demand . Its all these produce a hops, ashanti government. Ok. They couldnt, you know, take no ones leave of ownership meant ball and all of these are just on the north, me, you know, good. It was, she really just, you know, thought theres a lot pretty take all kinds of opportunities by october 1917. The final draft of the ball for declaration was ready, a waiting on the British Government final approval. There was a rumor the germany was about to issue a similar declaration supporting the rights of the jews in palestine. Or when bells are heard, he rushed to get his final draft discussed at the cabinets meeting on the 31st of october, 1917. To me think about the send to news about the declaration. Everyone can see it is 2nd of november 1917. As the moment of the declaration itself, but it was actually agreed to by the british cabinet on the 31st of october. And this was a she usually significant meeting and in the minutes of that meeting about full re its rights. The principal reasons for supporting scientism and highlights its expected propaganda effects amongst jews around the world, particularly in the United States. And in russia. The argument was, was put forward most strongly by lord bell, for at the meeting of october 31st. And what he argued was that issuing this declaration would be extremely helpful for the british in solidifying the support of the United States. And also encountering a propaganda from germany with critical thinking, member about british diplomatic pronouncements is that what one individual says does not represent the views of the government as a whole. And youll find many different points of view among british officials in the years. 19. 171918 in right into the early years of the mandate. But the bench were very clear that they had not promised statehood to design this movement. They had no interest in doing so. The british did not support Jewish Nationalism. They did not support air of nationalism, they supported british imperialism. But this is also the main thing with the test and who was a member of the war cabinet. This quiet about the possible effects of supporting scientism on the pedestal in our population and the post in a position is completely disregarded large crews and wrote a paper to the cabinet asking what was quotes to become of the people of this country. They were about half a 1000000 syrian arabs, a mixed community with arab hebrew, canaanite, greek egyptian, and possibly crusade is blog. They in the full fathers of occupied the country for the best ponds of 1500 years. They own the soil, they profess them a didnt face. They will not be content data to be expropriated for jewish immigrants, all to act merely as he was of wood and draws of little touch of atlanta. But his press, the inter remarks fell on deaf ears. It sykes and tells high bites man at the end of the war cabinets meeting. Dr. Weitzman, its a boy, as though theyve witnessed the birth of an agreement to create a Jewish National home as a baby in the middle east. The final draft of the software declaration was 67 words long. His majestys government view with favor the establishment in palestine of a National Home for the jewish people and will use the best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object. It being clearly understood that nothing shall be done, which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non jewish communities in palestine. All the rights, some political states has enjoyed by jews in any other country or i should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of design as to by duration you all sincerely alpha james ball for the full in terms of International Law. It really has very little standing in International Law. Know treaties between nations have significance of but the governments often issue policy statements, statements of intention about what they plan to do. And those really dont have any standing as a, as a matter of, of law for brittany, this was a, i suppose you would say a statement of its intention as to what it would do if it were to take over bela stein, which of course it had not yet done as of november 1917, as clinical like to have them like that. So let me stuff me stuff. Check a j j she most of she wants to come in. Shouldnt be done. Yeah. Itd be, shes got. So whats it to be soto, vic of all over your mind. So stressed out who taught the adult you show. Yeah, i feel like thats the only 2 years doctor, the declaration, a Church Leader in jerusalem wrote to british Prime Minister lloyd george about jews and palestine. Trying to control the sites. Lloyd georgias office had said that time vitamin didnt want to do anything affecting the rights of arabs. It said he simply wanted to be involved in a council to help provide refuge to jews, lee and russia in eastern europe. This exchange suggested that britain felt that had not promised a jewish state, but simply a place for them to live alongside errands. When the league of nations took out the british mandate and palestine in 1923, its meet britain responsible for implementing the ball for declaration. As a result, jewish immigration to palestine increased as the error of opposition to its expressed in a series of palestinian protests against britain. In the 1920s they understood the people, the palestine, to be muslims and christians, but did not imagine that they would constitute a National Community that would seek National Independence and of to the war. Very quickly, when it becomes clear, the power steering Arab Nationalist and mobilizing against science and the British Government. A quick to see a major problem. The Balfour Declaration had put in train a series of events that began to signal its deep flaws. Error of defense built to the 3 you revolts between 19361939. It was a nationalist uprising against the british administration, demanding arabic independence, and the end of jewish immigration. It was an appeal commission of 1937 that the british 1st recognized that instead of balancing communities, they had set in motion. A rivalry between incompatible national movements, jewish as i was getting an error. And it was at that point that they tried to solve the problem by dividing colors time into 2 states. Aero, been jewish to a partition plan. And i think there you have the 1st recognition or mission from british officials or the failure of the ball for declaration. In may 1939. The British Government published a policy document on palestine called a white paper. Its abandoned the partitioning of palestine into 2 states and called instead for an independent palestine in which arabs and jews would share a government. It to me to jewish immigration to 75000 for 5 years. And said that the error majority should determine future and the question levels. Its also said that the ball for had not meant to create a jewish state at the expense of the arabs any more than the mac. Mon sustained correspondence 24 years before had promised an error of state to should we proceed of america. But the white paper met the opposition and was dropped the British Government a quick to see a major problem. But theres no way that they can back to life of simple design isnt because this becomes the basis for that justification for being in the holding that, that commitment to supporting the movement in the past. The declaration which becomes enshrined in International Law in the times of the mandate for palestine. So the british just stuck with scientists and they didnt believe the scientists wanted independent jewish state code. And obviously what became very clear that actually the vast majority scientists didnt only want statehood. They expect to. I think if were trying to assess whether or not bridges policy to assign isnt in the 1st well, well set british interest on the 1st thing we have to appreciate is the key reason that they supported sinus and was based on an incorrect idea. They believe that they could mobilize something that they saw a jewish power around the world behind the online course. So 1st of all, that was entirely room and didnt happen because this idea of jewish power is freight is full. In september 1939 german expansion is that to the 2nd world war over 60000000 people died including between 5 and 6000000 jews. The majority in nazi concentration camps. The british mandates ended at midnight on the 14th of may 1948 and immediately the formation of the state of israel was announced justified by the terms of the ball for declaration issued 31 years before while as really celebrated the birth of their nation 700000 palestinians were forced into camps an exile, a family of the common you, not to sled and because its your needs or lack of a completely done. Yeah. You know, so like come for palestinians develop or the coloration represents the moments and imperial power promise their land a way to another people whether they hold golf or responsible for their expulsion displacement and occupation. The had a lot of that. Its still a story of significant hate to cause central america, the caribbean and south america with temperatures. What about the average of this time of year and months, the records being broken, but were also seeing some severe stormy conditions, particularly for equitable pushing down into bolivia as well as more heavy rain to come for the pass of the next few days on another batch of severe storms sweeping across northern origin. Tina we saw flooding in one or if there is just days ago, we could see more of that as that rain pushes its way further north. Its keeping the temperature around the average cooler, coming in behind that. But the some improvements come on saturday, well see more in the way of clear skies towards the end of the day. But it is still a story of heat, certainly across power wide and eastern areas of brazil. Temperature is picking up into the early fortys for us and she on, as we can a, into the weekend. And the heat continues to build across mexico. Weve had a heat wave conditions, mexico city. So im just up in the north for places like monterey, continuing to rise of the next few days on it. System the story down in the south of panama, panama city. Seeing the temperature build 34 degrees celsius, the on set to date, more than 10 degrees above the average. Thats the spice of showers that on sunday, the generation fully meets premier League Legend Vincent Company to discuss the importance of leadership and representation. Most of it starts in appear and that is the representation is rides for the rest will follow and travels to add tyria to discover how this will pay the key role in shaping the country from its struggles to liberation, to the 20000000 to protest the political reform generation, simple episode to phone out just a lot of the stories that we cover a highly complex so its very important that we make them as understandable as we can to as many people as possible no matter how much they know about a given crises. So issue the smell of that is all over power. As long as it recall respondents, thats what we strive to do. The, [000 00 00;00] the hello until mccrae. This is the news on the line from coming off in the next 60 minutes. Is roll bombs, a refugee camp in central guns and killing 9 members of one family. 69 palestinians have been killed across the strip in the past 24 hours fis store. So were really communities in northern nigeria. Were gunman have kidnapped hundreds of people in