Rape, and sexual slavery in north kivu province. Not let out. They said, dont call me eastern to your city has never experienced a trial on this level. Its a historic moment, has been found guilty of war crimes. He is someone that no one thought they would ever see in the dark. So just for that, its a huge step forward for justice. So yes, there are certain aspects of the verdict which we are not so happy with. For example, the recognition of the crimes against humanity for rape in a long time. But the fact remains that in general, it is a very positive verdict and a great message for the victims that justice is being served. The Ethiopian Government says to cry in Regional Forces of started to surrender, follows a deadline from prime minister. Ive read for them to lay down arms by wednesday or face an attack on their main city of mckillip. However, that leadership says they are fighting back and actually destroyed an Ethiopian Military division, including a helicopter and 2 tanks, opposition candidates in kenya, faso rejecting the partial results which show the incumbent in the lead. In the president ial election, he needs more than 50 percent of the vote to avoid a runoff. Further results will be announced later. Saudi arabias state owned oil company around the attack on one of its facilities wont affect oil supplies. Yemens, hutu rebels fired missiles at the north plant on monday, hit one of the tanks and caused a fire. In the head of the United Nations is calling for an immediate and unconditional cease fire in afghanistan. Until you get terrorists says he hopes to create a conducive environment for peace talks, which ongoing here in qatar, between the government and the taliban. Thats me for today. Thanks for your company, bernard. So long. Next with the latest inside story. The g. 20 summit has ended with a promise of fag Global Distribution of covert vaccines, but no specifics on where the money will come from on the 1. 00. Know all the major initiatives announced with the un disengaged out of the rest of the world. Sets an agenda, this is inside story. Hello, welcome to the program. And its, were closing statement emphasizing the important mandates of the United Nations systems. But with a little in the way of a breakthrough announcement, the g 20 has wrapped up its annual summit. It was hosted by saudi arabia this year, virtually there was a call to ensure fair access for all of the vaccines for covert 19 and developing nations. Want a plan for extending debt relief. But there was no Firm Commitment to that in the final communique, or donald trump missed part of the summit to play golf. Our diplomatic editor james bass reports. Saudi arabias king solomon concluded this 2 day summit conducted by Video Conference and handed over to the g. 20 presidency to the italian prime minister. But then in a previously unannounced appearance, the kings son, crown Prince Mohammed bin sound man, made his own address to a man whos in day to day charge in saudi arabia and who human rights campaigners blame for the continued repression in the kingdom. Said the g 20 is actions and greatly helped the world deal with the pandemic of the fish in light of the outbreak of causes 19 with a and its health, economic and social repercussions that a tower in a Recovery Center has been important more than ever or to have been about how together we have addressed this challenge with seriousness necessitated by the responsibility to preserve human lives, but protect livelihoods. Mitigate the ensuing damage. Demick and raise readiness to face any which are crises, god forbid. But compare that with the demands of the International Medical and humanitarian community. The u. N. Secretary general, who is one of those who do any part in the g. 20, made it clear to News Conference on friday. How much money was needed to get the vaccine to the poorest parts of the world. But 28000000000 more needed, including 4200000000 before the end of the this funding is critical for mass manufacturing, procurement, and delivery of new government 1000 vaccines and tools around the world. That funding was one of 2 main asks by the secretary general, but it is not here in the final declaration by g. 20 leaders. He also asked that debt relief offered by the g. 20 earlier in the year to some of the poorest countries on earth. Be extended to middle Income Countries who need it. Again, its not here. And the g. 20 have fallen short. James aljazeera of the United Nations. The g 20 or group of 28 was set up in 1999 as a leading form for Global Economic cooperation. It consists of 19 countries of some of the Worlds Largest economies, plus the european union. Its members collectively represent around 80 percent of the worlds economic output. Several developing nations including brazil, china, india, and indonesia belong to the group. Its leaders meet annually to discuss mainly the most challenging economic issues, but they also tackle other pressing problems. The group has been criticized for involving only a small number of nations in important decisions. And lets bring in our guests on pettifer is a global economist, and she joins us from suffolk in the United Kingdom in from morocco. We have an exam, a sari, an associate professor of International Studies at the university. And joining us from washington, d. C. Is hillary mann, leverett c. E. O. Of the Political Risk consulting firms, are a teacher and a former u. S. Diplomat. Welcome to you all. Hillary. Ill start with you. If i may, did you think this summit achieved anything concrete it . Well, of course, there was the usual communique and thats a good thing. And i have to say with just a light hearted the sense that Something Like this achieving a communique in the last days of a trumpet. Ministration is actually an achievement. It shows that possibly the United States could stay involved in multilateral institutions. And as we transition to another administration, i would expect the new administration will be much more involved in some its like this and in multilateral institutions. Overall, i was struck in to struck a seemingly positive note to do you go along without using the summit achieve anything. Im not sure that it did and model of the reasons for that is of a back who was at the table. And the question is, you know, the United States was only at the table for some of the time. And many of those low Income Countries that so desperately needed a vaccine. And that is suffering. The consequences the pandemic are when ted the table. And so we can expect that the communique would be black and it would not really contain any real commitments and nor has it. Having said that, i have to say that this must have been enormously challenging to have to hold a global summit digitally. It must have been really, really difficult for all the latest tonight and i suppose insofar as they did manage something that is commendable but. d on. 1 the whole, its disappointing, given the scale of the crisis faced by lowering can come. Hes your in one of those countries that would need help distributing a vaccine. Did you see the summit as achieving anything concrete from your perspective . I think that dreamed in bringing up the issue of co level is an achievement on its own. We know that there are president s mongers who met like President Trump like persons pulsar novel, who were always suspicious, who have always suspected of 2nd intentions or conspiracy theories with covert. So the folks that disgusted that this caused the folks in the agreed on this supports 2 countries who cannot afford it is an achievement for sale. I agree with my colleagues that this is a minor achievement. Its an achievement. Percent, hillary, the us wasnt really at the table if you like. Its disengaged from the, these sorts of forums. Was that really obvious here that without the us that there was nobody else to lead . Well, its hard to say, i mean the g 20 is an interesting institution in of itself. Its just the top 20 economies in the world. So it doesnt include the vast majority of countries and a significant number of peoples around the world. So for the United States to be at the table to g 20 is, its an interesting aspect from the washington perspective in that someone like President Trump, who believes very much in america 1st, are really america alone, pursuing its interests. The g. 20 is a useful instrument because the other countries in the g 20 are also there just basically to pursue their own interests. Its not a broad based institution like the world health organization, for example, to deal with coded or the World Trade Organization to deal with trade and other issues. So for trying and for washington where it is now, the g. 20 is a somewhat useful instrument. But to really go beyond that, were going to have to wait for the next administration. The tribe administration is really not interested in using multilateral institutions, to pursue multilateral global objectives to help people. Its really just focused on it. An institution like the g. 20 to pursue u. S. Interests alone will have to wait for the next administration to see whether it reengages more broadly in not just the g. 20, but more importantly, these other institutions that are much more representative of the global population. Did you think that the g 20 really locked americas presence a summit . Why was it so . Are they able to come up with any other sort of coalesce around any other organization or group to lead you through it needed the u. S. To . Well, the point is that the e. U. Or 2 have really taken the lead in to an extent, mrs. Merkel and president micron have but its a real problem. Its a real problem. I think my of my fellow panelists have set a very low bar for the achievement of the summit. The fact of the matter is that the value of the summit of the summit is that at is, is when my facing global crises, thats when we need a Global Leadership and b. Global coordination and cooperation. And unfortunately, and its not just United States, many countries are opting out of the global system indeed globalizing. And that of course is reflected in the weakness of the g 20. But can i just also say there is a deep hypocrisy about the rich countries saying theyre going to do something about covert when theyve already bought up all the existing vaccines for themselves, for their own countries. You know, yes it is definitely my interest 1st as far as the g. 20 is the and so. But if thats the case, were going to be honest about it instead of pretending which about the rest of the world. But the fact of the matter is, this is a global pandemic, and the rest of the world matters to the rich world. And yet theres no real indication in that statement that theyre going to do anything about ms. Are there was just this commitment in the g 20 communique to try and ensure equal access for all to the cove in 1000 vaccines, but there was no money up front for it was there was not a disappointment for you. Well, it is a disappointment, but i think again, as it was said previously, its not so that we expected far more than this, that the g. 20 is an attempt to go beyond what used to happen and is an improvement to with whats used to happen with the g. 7 or 8, but its still not true as speaking here about all rulers, to not get in here with a wide representation from all the economies of the war that we are not even speaking here about the 20 biggest economies in the world. These countries where jews and in a way to be a representative, but where is the african continent for instance, its only represented by south africa. Where are the other contenders on the african continent . So its the nature of the g 20. It has been operate in that somehow limits its expectations and limits the achievements its going to have on all different topics and even when it is the to me, the crisis. So this is, i think that the problem that the g. 20 face is this time and the to be face in, in, in other opportunities until it becomes a real representation of, of what is happening around us. And when i speak about what is happening around us, its the words not to make made only of the state. It is made of manure, different kinds of actors. A lot of organizations are starting to include n. G. O. S for instance, in their, in their meetings and in their summits. And this is not what the g 20 is trying to do when it is held, even virtually in saudi arabia. One cannot expect a treaty to be breached in n. G. O. S and the peoples fault. So, well, every critics of the, of the g. 7, the g. , 8 minus russia. Theyd argue that it no longer represents the worlds most powerful economies, especially with the rise of china. So would the g. 20 be a more important body as opposed to the g 7 become a more important body . Well, again, it depends really and i think, you know, i dont say this in any kind of proud way. Percent say that the United States really is, if not the sole superpower in terms of exerting its power in various institutions and trying to assert itself around the world. It really matters what role the United States takes in these types of institutions. And i think the g 20 has perhaps seen the highlight of its day and maybe even the g. 7 itself under trub, i think with an incoming biden administration, you will see an administration more interested and more involved in broader multilateral institutions. Institutions that are knit together by the tenants and pillars of democracy and human rights that its going to be a very big change in terms of how the United States exerts itself on the world stage. So both the g 7 and the g 20, i think were remnants United States trying to hold on to economic power. That it had almost solely to itself in the wake of the collapse of the soviet union. But today, economic power is not something that the United States can soley control. And so it will seek to have broader control and other institutions that are not based purely on economic power were china is the main competitor of the United States. And china has just as much, if not more, say over leadership in Global Economic affairs. Ok. There was also hope the maybe there been more commitment in terms of debt relief for middle income as well as low Income Countries. Again, theres nothing further apart from the above in this new framework with how important is that going to be next year as we try and come out of the coronavirus. So i think youve hit the nail on the head to head because the point is that we dont just have a pandemic. We dont just have a minute microbe an invisible, its storing all of our economies. We are also facing entrenched 21. 00, a year of massive unemployment and of business failures, bankruptcies, and of further collapsing income. And thats, thats the challenge that the g 20 ought to be addressed. And we have to understand this, that in order to address that challenge, we have to work together. We have to coordinate internationally. And its that failure that so sad really, because the crisis were walking into, which will be a crisis of unemployment, of economic failure, is the one that we are rarely where we are, where we were ready when, when we faced these crises before. If you look back in history, countries have come together. They came together under the Bretton Woods system. They came together and you know what is really striking to me and i agree entirely with the point about, you know, the United States is no longer that interested governments are no longer g 20 doesnt really matter very much. Whats very interesting to me is that the world is capable of coordinating at an International Level to rescue wall street, the city of london and frankfurt, basically, in other words, the financial system. So we watched Central Bank Governors from the Federal Reserve to the bank of england to the bank of japan, to the bank of the e. C. B. Were together, coordinate and help each other to tackle the problems faced by the finance sector. And its deeply ironic that the leaders of the World Leaders con, do the same thing to tackle the problems facing on the one hand, the ecosystem. And on the other hand, millions and millions of the worlds people. Thats a really, thats this bizarre. Whats the word malfunction . With whereby technocrats can get together and fix the financials. Financial sector, the politicians comment to fix the economy. Does the challenge that developing come to developing countries have been having his voice that at somewhere like the g 20 mean that the very important issue of debt relief wasnt fully addressed at the summit meeting . Oh, yes, absolutely. In the sense that to have been speaking about reforming the institutions of president moved for a couple of decades now or even more than that. So many countries, many other states have been speaking about reform in the the situations of britain was to give voice to the is to the rest of the world. And this has failed. So i wouldnt the g 20 is certainly not the reform of the institutions open to the rule, but it is a place where from south africa to indonesia, to india, all Different Countries of the. d argentina, brazil, all these countries have a voice at the table in deciding and discuss in issues of war, the interest and that relief is there. Relief is one of those issues. But again, very little has been achieved so that it is a even 2 percent to have these states sitting at the table on different at this point of view. Im not but its another issue whether they have the concrete results have been achieved. So we are still, we still need really to, to reform the situations, opportunities. And when one remembers, for instance, that the i. M. F. Sits at the g 20. So not too much can be expected from the, from reforming the situations of the institutions of present mood to bring in more legitimacy. Not to even speaking about efficiency, but to my unusual to see, to the world financial system. Hillary wants to ask you in an absence of sort of the us is leadership at events like the g 20. Why doesnt russia or china want to fill a void . I mean, i know china might not want tough scrutiny of its how it works out its debt repayments, but why no one else tries to fill a void. And i think uniquely the United States has looked to and helped build these International Institutions with a very particular, very selfish motive, which is for the United States to exert its power around the world, through these multi institutions, to legitimize the exertion of u. S. Power through multilateral institutions, institutions including the g 20 but including lots of other multilateral institutions. That essentially the basis of u. S. Interest in these institutions is to legitimize American Power. China and russia. They, they, of course, are interested in power, but they do not have the same interests or have not shown the same interest in that kind of global exertion of power in the way the United States has since world war 2. Some people think that china may get there, and thats one of the reasons why china is increasingly interested itself in these incidents, International Institutions in a way that it wasnt for prior decades. But that remains to be seen to date is still the United States in the wake of broad were 2 that sees and uses these International Institutions uniquely to exert American Power and legitimize it around the world. Russia and china have just not shown that interest or capability yet. Theres some here in washington. Fear thats precisely what china wants to do. You see, you have a china role would like to try and fill, a void will by the presidency next year, recover the u. S. , his position. There are concerns here in washington that its not just the china wants to fill the void, but that china is on this, this trajectory inevitably to pursue the same path to power, a global power that the United States has. And the United States has to do all it can to prevent china from doing so. And so i think it will see the biden administration. Similarly, try to use International Institutions. But in a way that blocks chinas participation, for example, focused on democracy. They will focus on institutions for democracy and human rights, not so much because they care all that much about those issues. But it is a way to prevent chinas inclusion and chinas continued rise to global power. And can i ask you, is that something you see, do you see a biden presidency presidency trying to gain, take back the u. S. Position, always china, going to try and fill a void. So i think thats a very frank and correct and right analysis of, of the United States has position. But i will say one thing more, which is that the United States seeks to exert not just its own legitimacy, but wall street that just in a city. And wall street is the powerhouse his that drives this. Essentially, china doesnt have a wall street. It doesnt have a currency, which is the worlds reserve currency. Europe doesnt have a wall street, and it doesnt have a currency that is the worlds reserve currency. So what were seeing here is the legitimizing of the power of the Financial Sector of wall street. And until those countries can develop power equivalent power, theyre not going to be able to challenge the United States and what United States is still doing. Despite the weakness of its president and its leader, its still protecting those financial interests and its still asserting its power across the world to ensure that those financial interests take priority. And of course, this is why we have a world divided between creditors and debtors. Wall street to the world of creditors, and the debtors, many of whom are sovereign countries, poor countries have no voice in all of this and have virtually no power. That system is deeply, deeply unjust, and internationally. And just in the United States is going to have to do something about wall street before we can do something about rebalancing power across the world. Ok. And is, id like to ask you what if anything, saudi arabia managed to get out of this summit. Of course, on the one hand it wants to highlight its changing society and on the other, how to hopes people, doesnt a people forget about the war in yemen . And the murder of a prominent journalist did saudi arabia get having i got to get anything out of this. No one boycotted it after all. Well, nobody boycotts of that. But i think were pretty sure that saudi arabia expected something far bigger. Expected all these World Leaders to be, to be visited in saudi arabia to be in place to see and to showcase the supposed to the advances that so saying to peace making. But the covert did not allow it to take place that it is, it is a frustration, certainly for saudi leaders, that things that not happened the way they were expecting that to happen. And everyone was online and do in the form into way that it took place. And so the saudi arabia did not get all it wanted from this summit. And this apparent, this is, is certainly a frustration to sell the leaders, folks. There are so many more questions i want to ask, but unfortunately we are out of time. So thanks to augusts to ann pettifor, to newsarama, sorry. 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Donald trump has refused to concede, but has all the rise the General Services agency to declare by the apparent widow of a militia leader in the democratic republic of congo has been sentenced to life in prison for war crimes and the berry shaker was charged with murder rape and sexual slavery in north kivu province let out they said dont call that middle eastern to your city has never experienced a trial on this level. Its a
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