A 1000000 deadly clashes in uganda after opposition. Politician bobby wine is arrested while campaigning for the upcoming president ial election and cleared for takeoff after 2 fatal flights. The boeing 737 nights get safety approval in the u. S. Now along a ways of inquiry into the conduct of a strain in special forces in afghanistan has found credible evidence of multiple war crimes. The report contains details of 39. 00 unlawful killings of civilians or prisoners. And the cruel treatment of a father to other allegations include weapons being planted on bodies to conceal wrongdoing. Justice burgeon considered in detail 57. 00 allegations of incidents and issues. He found there to be credible information to substantiate 23 incidents, of alleged unlawful killing of 39 people. By 25 astroland special forces personnel predominantly from the special air Service Regiment correspondent, reggae. It has all the latest from canberra. This is been a very long running inquiry, and it has been extremely critical of the culture within a strong forces unit in afghanistan, the inquiry looked at allegations and incidents that occurred between 2520168 said that there was a warrior culture that had been created one of deceit and coverup, and that is clear by the number of cases that are being referred to, the a stallion, federal police for prosecution. But the inquiry also said that it found evidence that Senior Leaders in offices actually knew of any wrongdoing that was occurring in these remote locations in afghanistan. But they are still responsible as well because it happened under their watch. But many of the allegations in this report will be extremely confronting to many people, including the families of alleged victims in afghanistan. Some of them include june, new soldiers being encouraged to execute prisoners, just to get what they call their 1st kill. And it also includes weapons being planted on bodies to conceal some of this alleged criminal activity. So from here, because this was just an administrative process, a special investigator will be appointed to gather evidence to try and work out which cases can be brought to the legal system and the chief of Defense Force in australia. Angus campbell has said that he wants any of these crimes to be dealt with domestically in oh, lets now speak to elaine. And she is a straight, a director at Human Rights Watch, and she joins us now from sydney and plenty to discuss here. I want to start with one of the things that the defense chief said today that when killings of the he said battle, these were intentional killings which then opens them up to criminal prosecution. Is that enough . How do you address the culture that allowed this to happen . Well thats right, so you know, the fact that these were deliberate, cold blooded killings, they were murder. And so you know, rightly i think this really needs to be criminal prosecutions of the individuals. And we know that its not just a few rogue activists. We know that 25 have betrayed is, have been identified in the course of this report. So i think it is really important that those individual cases look out and thats, weve independent prosecutions all over. But obviously this is also a broader issue of the culture of the special forces. And so i think thats why the government has announced that they set up this independent panel to really look at how to address this is demick cultural issues. That unless this environment where these killings were really normal lives and in some cases encouraged. And then the report also says that there were complaints made about the conduct of these troops, including by afghan nationals and they were ignored. But this isnt just about the officers who actually carried out these killings, but surely or say those who had them in for at least 7 years. How did more high ranking officials not . No. Well i think thats a really good question and i think thats why the office of the special investigator really needs to investigate the chain of command and command responsibility all the way to the top. And i think one of the interesting things that is a minute, this report squarely puts the responsibility on the level of patrol comeuppance. However, a command responsibility also means someone you know, knew or should have known. They also should be held criminally responsible. So i think, you know, we need to do a bit more deep digging into this report. But, you know, clearly a lot of people knew there were a lot of cover ups. And this, this, you know, these practices unfortunately were really a normal us. And i say that the Prime MinisterScott Morrison is insisting this will be dealt with within the australian Justice System that it wont go to the i. C. C. And as you say, theres going to be a special investigator. Are you confident that there will be accountability here . Well, i hope so, i mean, i think, you know, that is the right approach. The i. C. C. Is really a court of last resort. And so it, you know, certainly does have the rule of law. All these cases should come to a certainly in courts, people should be investigated and held to account. But unfortunately, the experience from other countries, such as the tech, has not been very positive. So weve seen cases where investigations have been opened, but then have been shut down due to political interference. And so thats why its really important that this office of special investigator needs to be independent. It needs to have adequate resources to carry out its investigations, and it also needs to be independent from the military as well as politicians. So, you know, i think afghans have waited many is that this report to come out and they shouldnt have to wait many is just, you talk about the afghans having to weigh it and there has been an apology. I know theres now talk of compensation. Well this ban, nothing afghan family. Well, i think its a good thing that compensation is not reliant on criminal prosecution. So that process happens separately. I hope it happens swiftly, but yes, i mean, i think its really important that you know, its not just enough that this report has emerged that these allegations have come to light. I think what we all want to see is that the perpetrators are held to account and that means you know, establishing these investigations and ultimately prosecuting these people for the crime of murder. And then passing their straight a director at Human Rights Watch speaking to us from sydney. Great to have you on elaine, thanks so much for joining us. Thank you. Now u. S. Drug maker, pfizer says it will request imagines he improve our for its cover 1000 vaccine in the coming days and consistent results across broad demographics with no major side effects. As on there has more from new york, its safe, 95 percent effective, and ready for final approval. Thats what pfizer and its german partner by in tech are saying about their corona virus vaccine, which they expect to submit to the f. D. A. For authorization within days. In trials the company said side effects from the vaccine were mild, boston based moderna has said its vaccine still in the final stage of trials is also showing over 90 percent effectiveness. U. S. Health officials said both could be rolled out as soon as next month. By the end of december, we expect to have about 40000000 doses of these 2 Vaccines Available for distribution, pending f. D. A. Authorization. Enough to vaccinate about 20000000 of our most vulnerable americans. And production of course, would continue to ramp up after that. But president elect joe biden said on wednesday that while the vaccine news is positive, hes being hampered by Donald Trumps refusal to acknowledge his election victory, or allow the Biden Harris Team access to Important Information about developments. Theres a whole lot of things that are just, we just dont have available to us, which, unless its made available. So were going to be horrified by weeks or more in speed able to put together the whole. And this should do both vaccines using new technology called messenger r. N. A. That is being praised for how well it seems to work. Dozens of drugmakers and Research Groups using a variety of approaches, are racing to develop a covert vaccine with astra zeneca and johnson and johnson also likely to release results of trials this year. It cant come soon enough with copd surging around the world with the United States, still the global hot spot. Now averaging around 150000 cases and over 1000 deaths a day. Rural states are being hit particularly hard with south dakota in iowa, recording over 50 percent positivity rates higher than new york during the peak of the pandemic in the spring. And while the vaccine appears to be closer, most experts still say it wont be widely available in till early to the middle of next year. Gabriels andu, aljazeera, new york, all this as the United States continues to see an acceleration of private 1000 cases. The number of current virus related deaths there has now passed. 250000 has also reported more than a 1000000 new infections just in the past week alone. According to the world health, organization, there are well over 11300000 cases confirmed across the u. S. , making it statistically the wild west nation. At least 3 people have been killed in protests in uganda. Following the arrest of president ial candidate, bobby wine has supporters blocked roads and banned tires and the capital kampala, prompting police to fire tear gas and bullets. Are battling our ports. Anger in ugandas cup to kampala as word spread of the rest of it is protesters who want as part of the oath that message was clear as a deface. Images of moment, time leader. While the 70 Security Forces responded by firing tear gas. And there were suggestions of demonstrating to the photo that this movement to put them on to the street, about 100 kilometers away the parsonage turned politician whos campaigning in looka, when he was arrested, a bundled into a police Security Forces, cited repeated violations of covered 90 restrictions the following his arrest bobby one tweeted, the resistance is a duty and must say hes gaining popularity among young people who hoping to bring change to a country ruled by president with 73 and a half decades. The 70s party insists the president is still popular. I think we have to look at that at the end of the day that demographic shifts. Im not in power for 35 years, so its very important to know that people are looking for a change. One has been in politics since 2017 when he won a seat in the national assembly. The president ial hopeful has been arrested many times to media. This is what Security Forces did to this call all of the submitted nomination papers to run for president one since hes been repeatedly beaten and tortured, while Police Continue to crack down and supposin people have a right to demonstrate demonstrate peacefully any excessive use of force by Security Forces anywhere is of concern to us and it is important that there is a space provided for people to express themselves whether in demonstration or through a democratic process. Uganda has never witnessed the peace who transpose power since independence in 1962 to the present election set to take place in january. Tensions are high with one with god. This isnt a 70 strongest challenge to his decades in power. In mali, aljazeera had fair hair on aljazeera or instead on some of the thousands of refugees forced to flee fighting in ethiopia and their fast mail bags. And breaking with tradition, right from paris, set to become the 1st top u. S. Diplomat to visit and legal israeli settlements in the occupied west bank. But how is that . Weve got some rain in the forecast for the middle east over the next couple days. Northern parts, in particular, fire amounts of cloud around the black sea, the caspian sea, some wet weather in the top 10 around georgia, armenia, azerbaijan pushing into northern parts of iran. Wanted to show us too, which is central areas of the rock. And here comes out next, batch of wet weather spilling out into the east side of the mediterranean cyprus, saying some heavy and sundry down poles could see some localized flooding. And that will spill its way into the levant, then says syria, lebanon, jordan, israel, the palestinian territories, seeing some wet weather line, a cloud and some wet weather into northern parts of saudi arabia. But south of that, it is fine and dry plenty of sunshine, around, pleasant sunshine, here in doha times, just about 27 degrees celsius. The sunshine runs down into the whole of africa. Want to watch over the next couple of days because just offshore, we have a developing system here. Keep an eye on that one as we go through thursday into friday makes this where little closer more than process a modicum of wet weather coming early part of next week. Possibility of some flooding. Heavy showers continue across central parts of africa, showers a stand down in the southern parts of africa, and its warming up in cape town. This week. In the 2nd of identity and exiled Matthew Council travels to the middle east to retrace his steps house to mean refugee buys about half of the worlds palestinian population and see the conflict through the eyes of those who live in. It breaks my heart to see this man who is going to father to yearn for a place that he may never see. I dont mean that israel for me to go far out about my down to 0 correspondent to me. Hello, there. Im mr. Lets remind you of our top stories here this hour. A long awaited inquiry into the conduct of Australian Special forces in afghanistan has found credible evidence of multiple war crimes. The report contains details of 39. 00, an awful killings of civilians or prisoners, and the cruel treatment of a father to u. S. Drugs from will apply for emergency authorization for its coronavirus vaccine. Within days, pfizer says late stage trials of its kind of that showed it was 95 percent effective and improvement there on initial results published last week. 3 people have been killed in protests in uganda, after opposition president ial candidate was arrested. The pop star turned politician known as bobby why in says he was violently dragged out of his car by ethiopias Prime Minister says his troops are nearing victory over forces. In the northern tier, a region met has refused. International calls for mediation federal troops launched an offensive against city, great Peoples Liberation front. Earlier this month. Aid is now starting to arrive at refugee camps in sudan along its border with ethiopia. Thousands have been crossing into that area over the past 2 weeks. In the fighting and as our correspondent have a morgan reports from the eastern state of got a reef, many of them have gone for days without food. More than a week after the arrival of refugees to this cabin ghobadi of the 1st supply of food aid is starting to trickle in flour, and oil is rushing doubt between the families who have come here hundreds lined up to receive their share. Most of them have left their children back in shelters and withstand scorching sun while they wait. They are desperate. Perhaps it is some of that. Then i challenge that with me. Now. Im glad that aid organizations have started distributing food. A lot of people were going hungry, some of us had gone for 2 or 3 days without food. There was a whole day that my kids and i went without any food, but now with 8 here, we can have meals. Its been 10 days since i came here from a country, and in those 10 days we havent eaten proper meals. We are hungry and we have small children to feed. Now we are going to get some food. And we think god for that, because over the past 10 days we didnt receive anything. We hope they bring more because this will not be enough for the many families here. Both of those are 2 of the nearly 15000 residents of the camp, which was opened less than 2 weeks ago. They come from the region in northern ethiopia, where the government has launched an offensive more than 30000. 00 have fled to neighboring sudan since the start of the conflict, including to state aid organizations say thousands more. Integrate are facing a dire humanitarian situation with the government imposing a Communications Blackout and blocking access to the region. Many refugees arriving at the Sudanese Border are exhausted and hungry. So far, most of the food for the refugees has come from local communities around the border point and refugee camps. But the communities themselves face economic hardships as threw down battle soaring market prices. And the number of those crossing the border to escape the fighting into gray is rising. Many who said theyve gone for days without food now have something to eat. But the country, the refugees are arriving too has its own set of problems, including a state of emergency. The floods in september damaged many roads, and that is now one during a delivery. So the challenge is to remain there, but what were doing is that we have enough food in stocks in the country has w. F. Be able really to pull on food from other areas where we had surpluses to try to prepare food here as we speak right now. We have about enough food 46270000, people already here on site. And these are distributed of course, which of course under god if as well where we are right now. The refugees dont know how long they will remain in the camps for now they just please to be thief and how food for their families. He will morgan aljazeera and for sugar, about if the a new mass grave has been discovered in the libyan city of tire. Who are the remains of 2 bodies have been on earth so far, forces loyal to the internationally recognized government have found at least 20 mass graves since retaking the city back in june. It was occupied by war oakley for, have to us forces during his failed offensive to take the capital. Tripoli, or trade unions in mali have begun a 3 day nationwide strike. After talks with the new Transitional Government there failed, Civil Servants are demanding better pay and conditions and are also calling for the release of their colleagues who have been taken hostage by armed groups. Nicholas haq, passable. Its the night shift at this Medical Center in malis capital bamako Lab Technician is on the front line in the fight against coronavirus. He does the testing, analyzing and fields, questions from patients, some of whom have hiv, hepatitis, or malaria. For this, he earns 800. 00 a month, a good salary in a country where most earn less than 2. 00 a day, but the state often fails to pay his wages on time. He says he has gone months without pay. Now hes on strike. Feel marginalized by the authorities. We want them to stick to their words. We want our rights to be respected and to stay to meet their obligations. Their National Union of workers are on a 3 day nationwide strike after talks with these new government of transition failed. Teachers and prison workers want more pay medical staff want better working conditions. Civil servants are unhappy with a new law that would allow officers of the mali an army to take their positions in the administration. All insist they want to see the end of corruption and iniquity in this Civil Service is a point when you see 2 people with the same job, one earns over 1800. 00 and earns less than 72. 00. Thats not rule of law and needs to be applied to the new government of transition that forced the president to resign in obvious, says the state coffers are empty and they are unable to satisfy the huge demand. But in october, a multibillion dollar ransom was paid to all groups, with hundreds of Al Qaeda Affiliated fighters freed in exchange for the release of french hostages in mali, an opposition leaders whom i was using. Several local administrators are still being held by armed groups. The union says not enough is being done to protect workers the reality. There is thirst for social justice and the desire to see the state consider all of its employees or presented in the same men because many feel abandoned by the government. For me, this strike is not just about better pay and working conditions. Its about the desire to see the return of a state thats been largely absent in the face of instability, attacks and a global pandemic. Nicholas hawke aljazeera, many as Prime Minister remains under pressure after his country was forced to hand over territory to azerbaijan, rallies organized by both pro and antigovernment. Protesters have taken place in the capital yerevan. Some of the demonstrators were soldiers who recently force in the disputed region and took on a car about Prime Minister nicole passing and is continuing to resist course to resign. Now, a crossing between iraq and saudi arabia has opened for the 1st time. In fact, he is top saudi and iraqi diplomats attended the reopening of the around border. It was closed in 1019. 00 after the 2 countries cut ties over the invasion of kuwait, by iraq formally into saddam hussein. Well u. S. , secretary of state mike compare is in israel on whats said to be his last tour on behalf of the trumpet ministration. Hes held a joint press conference with israeli Prime MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu, and bahrains foreign minister. They praised the normalization of ties between israel and bahrain. The u. A. E. And sudan all deals brokered by the u. S. Is also expected to become the 1st top u. S. Diplomat to visit an illegal settlements in the occupied west bank. That sparked anger amongst Palestinian Protesters who see those settlements as a major obstacle to peace. The Trump Administration has broken with decades of u. S. Foreign policy and its support of israel and clearing saying it does not fear israeli settlements as illegal under international law. A force that is in western response. Theres a significant visit in the last weeks of the transit ministration. Might pompei o here, and saying fairly normal things in his press conference, but obviously later doing something pretty extraordinary with this visit 1st, a press conference. We heard from Benjamin Netanyahu welcoming the bahraini foreign minister here the 1st time. An official ministerial visit had taken place, saying that these normalization deals were proceeding with real pace and unleashing economic force, thanking donald trump once again saying that it would not have been possible without the u. S. President s leadership. There was similar language from pompei who also mentioned iran, which is a very much alive issue after those reports that donald trump was looking at military options in regards to Irans Nuclear program in recent days. And those reports also suggesting that it was one of those who argued against taking such an option, but the israelis are very concerned about what might happen under the Biden Administration with regard to potentially taking the u. S. Back into the iran nuclear deal. As for ability, if any of the bahraini foreign minister, he also welcomed the warming ties talking about the very soon to be formalized establishment of embassies in each country reciprocally. He also was the only of the 3 men to talk about the palestinians at all, saying that he had emphasized the need for israel and the palestinians to get back to the negotiating table. And for a viable 2 state solution to be reached. All of us legislation has now been introduced to stop a 23000000000. 00 weapons sale to the united arab emirates. And they have 6 to halt president Donald Trumps deal to sell reaper drones. F. , 35. 00, pfizer aircraft and as the air missiles to the u. S. , senators say the sale was rushed and threatens an arms race and the middle east. Well, the u. S. Aviation regulation has given the go ahead for the controversial butting 737 max airline a to take to the skies again. The plane was grounded nearly 20 months ago after 2 fatal crashes killed hundreds of passengers and crew reports. The u. S. Federal Aviation Administration approved the boeing 737 max after requiring a host of Engineering Design and Software Changes and revised training procedures for pilots of a path that led us to this point was a long and grueling. But we said from the start that we would take the time necessary to get this right. We were never driven by timeline, but rather followed a methodical and deliberate safety process. The 737 max, the latest generation of the worlds best selling aircraft, was grounded in march last year after 2 crashes within months that killed 346 people. The 1st was a lion air flight from indonesia, tobar 2018, followed by an Ethiopian Airlines flight 5 months later. Both crashes were traced to a full in the planes maneuvering software. Faulty sensors triggered the program, putting the aircraft into an uncontrollable dive, even as pilots struggled to pull it up. Subsequent investigations blamed boeing for technical failings and a lack of transparency concerns about the maneuvering system raised by boeing, employees were minimized or dismissed. Internal documents showed last month in indonesia, relatives of victims commemorated the 2nd anniversary of the lion air crash. Many believe its too early to allow the 737 max to fly again and turn so hot the last 2 brothers in law in the disaster. So i had to go be some walk. You know, we want to be absolutely sure that the 7370 next, the safe done, let it be just about profits and money and put human considerations aside. Boeing, executives say the company has to rebuild Public Confidence that starts with getting it certified, bringing it back to service. Convincing the regulators that weve done the right thing, that the changes to the airplane are right. The manuals are right. The training is right. The f. A. A. Is approval is an important step for boeing, but it still has to convince other International Aviation authorities and convincing the public that its safe to fly on the max again will likely take some time. Rob reynolds aljazeera identify as al jazeera and these are the headlines along the way, says inquiry into the conduct of the strain in special forces in afghanistan has found credible evidence of multiple crimes. The report contains details a fast and awful timings of civilians a christmas and the cruel treatment of a fabric of justice. Persian considered in detail 57. 00 allegations of incidents and issues. He found there to be credible in