Justice of mental health. We actually this and 70 percent of everybody is psychologically distressed or 40 percent have reported depression or anxiety sometimes. Only 50 is also setting in the highways disregard for Big Questions mostly through the pandemic im fortunate the visions side which is only if you live in a state of the way its good to have you joining us from and im robin i want to tell the world who you are welcome to the screen thank you thanks for having me my name is robin and logically not an economist remember to be on the list i correctly set up a disease that i make the economics of policy and washington and. The most significant scholar of prince william. Then there must just be looking at the surgeon traces in india 92000. 00 more than 4000000. 00 confirmed cases almost 80000. 00 deaths 6 drew. Whats going on. Well very simply and theres a large country number one and 2nd and theres a country that you know really was never going to be able to contain and eliminate covert that takes you know that takes a very sort of authoritarian you know very controlled approach to covert which is possible evidence for all countries like singapore or hong kong or in a country like china where everyone is tracked and it is a free country its just impossible to keep people you know under lock and key your you know enforce anything and and its a high density of population a lot of People Living really close to each other and the best they could have been done was to believe the epidemic and now were seeing it you know if i may 3rd so if it was just a matter of time this could have happened 4 months ago but its happening now because of a very long lock though it was a very serious note down a very intense long time with people who were not allowed to go out a Migrant Workers had to go home it was so recent than now what does india do after that their instinct is to look down because just looking in here things are opening up Delhi Metro Rail corp welcoming back people into the trains were hoping you can travel around as the case is a splay king so how does india manage needs to be things having to keep the economy going but also what about the number of cases of killing 19. I mean i think from the perspective of most indians this hasnt turned out to be as bad as they had expected because they sort of thought well there will be bodies on the street and theyll be you know the imagination was that there would be millions of people dead and there probably are far more people dead than are actually reported by the government thats for sure but its certainly part of the millions so it. You know in some sense i think people are coming out of a sense of sort of relief that a this was not that 918 flu pandemic and a 50000000 dead kind of episode which you know didnt scare a lot of people and you know the the possible explanation also is that you know 4000000 cases seriously underestimate the number of kids that are covered that india has had probably its in the hundreds of millions going to have a sort of. So india might well emerge on the other side with significant population them unity in just a few months. You know countries are still going through 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th waves and definitions all off for just one wave and thats the. And supreme. Supreme of the joining in our conversation as a prius says the government did their best people have been to our against an adventurous josue distancing is a myth in one of the most populous countries of the wealth not pointing the finger of blame at the government that sagging indians indians are to blame for the spanish because it 19 you know thats true and. You know youre talking about people who dont have the space that are 20 People Living in a room one person is cold but they can really socially distance i mean social distancing so its a luxury and it works if youre a minimal armor if youre in new york it contra work in most parts of india and i think that compared to what i would have expected in march people in india have complied a lot more and with far greater patience than i would have ever expected so i think people have done what they can and at the end of the day this was always going to be you know it was a bit of an inevitable outcome i think the only saving grace is that a lockdown which happened in march you know didnt result you know it just made sure that there wasnt a lot of kids in the hospital and in april may and june and thank god for that because that would have been difficult to manage and it would have it would have really been you know us all the National Psyche and i think we didnt go through that which is. In the past week aljazeera has been reporting on india and how its dealing with i think 19 we spoke to dr singh and he emphasized the difference between the rule areas and in urban areas and how challenging that was a listen to dr hodges saying the 1st thing that dead im not getting to a Proper Health care professional 2nd thing even if they reach out for upper Health Care Professional a good primary health. Community has sent there the facilities are not have. Such as this is not breaking news for anyone who lives in india who understands the difference between rural areas and also open areas but justice mean that people who are as in india who always have to cope with country 19 will never disappear the nuns and yes. Quite likely i think the disease at this point is just going to become endemic thats probably its going to be difficult to achieve a level of back summation coverage that is the able to eliminate the disease and who knows i mean its hard to predict but i think going by with the way things are. Back summation is not really going to be a feasible long Term Solution for india simply because india can barely vaccinate 26000000. 00 children born every maxim eating a 1000000000 indians a year after year after year with potentially multiple doses i dont think the government can afford it i dont think that people you know i dont think the system is there to do to deliver a vaccine thats. Run and thank you for that reality check we appreciate you being on the stream today thank you thanks for having me we go from indiana she europe nihilists been every dying when. I read about a lot down generation the last cherries and the coke 19 generals i dont want to be part of any of them skinny definitions already now since the beginning of the pandemic one out of 6 young people start working and its not us rice if the banana continues and if governments dont take action its about time the governments invest in sustainable economies and the social protection i think i mean not this you can avoid another lost generation im really pleased to have on this stream kind kind of tell everybody who you want to hear an introduction go. Right thanks for having me so im pushing that im a science journalist i started molecular biomedicine and im a contributing correspondent at Science Magazine in the us and i cover Infectious Diseases. When and youll be is now office because of 911 all the time let me also tell you about europe as a constant you cant look at europe as a continent when you in terms of true think 19 spreading across borders and how Different Countries a coping methods. Thats a thats a really tricky question actually so if you i mean there are parts of europe that have the moon you know a very similar spread in the beginning at least of course we saw the early the early spikes and spain and italy but its a patchwork i mean Different Countries have responded differently theres different kind of cultural traditions theres different ways of the way that people interact and live all of which plays a role i think people often like one of the things that ive really learned in 10 years as a science journalist is when it comes to Infectious Diseases people often think you know its about a virus but of course its about a virus you know meeting a certain culture a certain population and so in Different Countries in europe things have developed different there but we are seeing i mean given for instance that we had a lot of travel in in the summer you know there is the sense of europe as a western europe as a kind of like common area in which the virus you know was traveling with people during the Summer Holidays and what were seeing now is a very very severe resurgence i think. Is on to listen he has to have a question for you come why do countries in central and Eastern Europe cant wait quite easily fall for example poland never had the big spike in cases that even germany suffered festival is that true and then tackle the question. So yeah i mean there are some countries i mean you know other examples are for instance greece a multiverse so its not just Eastern Europe there are a few countries and i think you have to remember that there is an element of stock has to city of randomness also in these Infectious Diseases so there are some countries where the virus was introduced quite early other countries where maybe in Eastern Europe it wasnt quite so early but then europe ended up instituting lockdowns in Different Countries roughly around the same time so there are some countries whose lockdown came earlier compared to when the 1st when the virus was 1st introduced and it takes a little while for the virus to really you know spread it to kind of just start really spreading in this kind of exponential phase where you have these high numbers so i think some countries just ended up instituting a lockdown earlier in terms of their epidemic in their country and that way they managed to avoid it and i think thats also the lesson for us of course and i mean mike ryan and others at the w. H. O. Have said this again and again its all about speed you know its not about having you know the perfect intervention or anything its about whatever you do dont dont dont wait until you have a perfect to just do whatever you can and i think if you look back the countries that acted early on you know had a much better situation later and now i worry that people are so afraid of a 2nd lockdown that we might end you know getting getting a kind of spike that we shouldnt feel knowing will be no talking about a 2nd not down i was just following whats been happening in the United Kingdom when prime minister. Has kind of shrunk the number of people that he said in the government was recommended to spend time here in speaking just a few days ago. You must not meet socially in groups of more than 6 and if you do you will be breaking the law this will apply in any setting indoors or outdoors at home or in the pub the ban musette out and be set out in law and they will be enforced by the police and anyone breaking the rules or risk being dispersed far into and possibly arrested so. Every government is reacting slightly differently to covert in different conditions and situations in their countries but only seeing a unified approach that the borders are very porous around you you can move around people been going on a holiday in august which is a traditional big holiday multiple people going to paris and being told youve got one day to get back to the u. K. Otherwise you have to be in quarantine so do you think we are dealing with this in europe as well as we could be dealing with it. Well i think theres clearly you know a lack of coordination at the european level i mean its very clear i mean to a certain extent that makes sense because Different Countries you know the situation is different there so i always say you know the ironic thing is once a pandemic is global then you know the local level becomes the most important one because thats thats where you have to act but if you look at what the u. K. Is doing for instance this rule of 6 i mean you know again if you want what weve learned in the last months to inform our actions i dont quite understand that still when it comes to altos we understand now that the virus spreads much less outdoors than it does indoors and yet weve gone in the u. K. For instance from a situation where people were encouraging people to go to the restaurant and spend money there you know which is what we know where a lot of the transmission happens and now were back to even telling people that outside theyre not supposed to meet in groups of more than 6 so i mean because we dont have axioms or good treatments i think we really just have the cooperation of the public and that means that you have to think really carefully about what you ask them to do and about having evidence to back that up and i still feel in many parts in europe you know they were struggling to really you know have the minimum rules that we think are necessary and that we think are the best ones and to institute those early so im a little bit disappointed in how weve been handling this in several countries but hopefully you know the now that people see that you know its coming back its rio peoples behavior is going to change again as well but certainly some governments could you know could be following the science through letter i do that just briefly im looking here at cases from the sorenson era 7000. The number of deaths 30000 to date so far that are known where. The hardest hit countries in europe right now that we should be paying attention to. So you know its always difficult because you kind of have to see you know you have to look at the population as well and kind of compare and see some places are really hard hit but what i find interesting is that the places that were hardest hit you know like spain for instance you know regional loner method is again really hard hit and i think theres a really important lesson there because one thing that it does tell us is that you know whatever people say about herd immunity you know even the places that were really hard hit in spring clearly you know arent protected from you know a really severe resurgence of the virus so i think the fundamentals basically havent changed the virus hasnt changed the population you know hasnt really changed theres not a lot of immunity there so you know basically if we do the same thing that we didnt spring were going to end up in the same situation and i think it is important to remember that at the moment were seeing a surge in cases but not in deaths but that has a lot to do with the fact i think that you know the population thats affected now is a lot younger than it was early on we also detect in more cases that it also makes a difference but you know the disease wont stay in younger people and i also think it is wrong to focus just on deaths because we do know that you know even young people cant really see the consequences its not like either you die or you feel nothing but there are a lot of people who have you know severe illness right kind thank you very much for getting us up to date with a perspective on how you it is handling cuz it 19 might help appreciate it thanks. And now we move to the u. S. Diantha delsea because what we want to look at. Thats a nation trial its a peoples cup. He said licensing. And no point during this pandemic have blacks and africanamerican seen any evidence that they are truly valued as people during this whole d research and Development Process for vaccine and to now that are advertising and Marketing Campaigns should change. Is an ethical led us and this raises at worse into sick it to have eternity when he you. Thank you in the end and a dollar bill our president and c. E. O. Of the weapon is how compared to the only National Organization focused on black im sorry and im also an epidemiologist happy to be here great to have you know one of the big big stories that came out of the United States and also some other parts of the world was looking at people of color minorities and how they may well be impacted. In a more serious manner by covert 19 than of the different groups that was a big story and now were looking at thats nation trials and trying to get people of color involved in those trials where are we with that need. Well were certainly not where we need to be i mean that the number one reason people of color are not asked to participate and dont participate in Clinical Trials is because theyre not asked their their positions dont ask them they make assumptions about their ability to comply or their interest or availability and so they simply dont ask appellations of color and then when we look at how Clinical Trials are cheery out there researchers apply a very particular kind of pitches a participant they dont want people with underlying conditions they dont want people to type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease they want to they want otherwise Healthy People to get the vaccine so they can test the efficacy but the problem of course is most of us are otherwise healthy a lot most of us have underlying primate diseases and these are the very people who should be in the trials youre looking at black and brown people with 50 percent higher infection rates mortality rates you know those people should be in the trials Frontline Health workers should be in the trials people who have to take Public Transportation should be in the trial and these are the very people who are not being asked to participate and so as the Spokes Person in the video said there is every reason to mistrust what is going on because people are are it appears being left out and we dont get data we dont know the participation numbers so he really dont know whats going on but we have to assume that these trials are no different from any other trials were simply not included in this and he said the spokesperson in the video and that video is from the National Institutes of health jill little preview of this and these are recruitment the yet it seems that people of color in the United States will sign up for one of the trials because at 19 lets take a look. This pandemic is not read. This pandemic is not. This pandemic is black. Brown. Is white. It hits all colors and creeds but even when things look at least we know that someone is full of hope and strength and wants to take action someone that would take a step forward and just to have their grandkids soon or someone that will inspire others by talking the talk and walking the walk someone that will roll up their sleeves because thats what they always do someone like you who wants things to go back to normal and is not waiting for others to. Someone like you a mother a teacher a nurse a farmer a worker. Volunteer for covert vaccine studies to find a safe and effective vaccine that works for all of us and the uncertainty. Prevent or. Zooming to that adams county us aids its a cool to action. In the way that it is put together what is the response been. And the response has been lukewarm theres a recent survey of black americans and latinos and more than 50 percent said they would not take it back saying get the vaccine it was available today we you know were in a country where. Hundreds of years of medical mistrust for good reason you know from j. Marion sims an abductor violence to generate a lag. Even to black people who were not in my head when tuskegee was happening you know this history they know the stories and they are just hard yeah yeah just just for our International Audience if i could sum up in a very crude way that people were used as guinea pigs they were very very are they dont still paying that theyre not that important that disposable or you can use that sounds and profit from them without actually telling them about it all of these things which is basically human rights abuses unethical medical practices so what if he is in years of this which is why im going to share this tweet with you and this is from dr to docs that she says that says there is a lot of apprehension in people of color from joining the vaccine trials communication being one of the biggest threats more of the community does need to bust the mist surrounding these trials but theres also as you said theres a history of people of color being abused in medical trials so how do your very own that have how do you convince people who know this history to my thinking you know im not going to im not going to see any other being palates are they being looked down on they been taken care of and. And you know there is a history but theres also present day experience and ill just share one dexamethasone which has been proven to help those with severe disease turns out to not be as affected and africanamericans well there are no africanamericans in the trial so its not surprising we need to do is make sure researchers understand the importance of diversity in Clinical Trials create the kinds of networks and partnerships so that they can be they can recruit people of color into their trials but more importantly make sure that these people are treated with respect that theyre valued and that theyre seen as full participants and partners in these trials and not just people we have to have because we have to have them and thats what doesnt happen typically in trials and it becomes a reason one more reason not to include people of color and ill tell you the concern is will come up with a vaccine we talk about evidence based medicine all the time but we are really close to creating a body of evidence and applying evidence still a population that had nothing to do with its creation so we wont be surprising if some time in the year theres a vaccine available and black and brown people simply dont. Need to go to want thank you so much for being on the stream today i just want to share with you one of the indus tweets rich and full size is why this is so important need to retreat to face im afraid that black women are going to suffer at the intersection of coded racism and poverty im flying to many other which is while people of color being asked to take part in vaccination trials in the United States this wraps up our 3 compelling cove it 19 stories from around the graham unarmed child named thank you for making it take everything thats next. A life and death struggle for racial equality and a deeply on equal society unfortunately that was a spy for the Apartheid Regime but in that group may be very Close Friends like a family getting together 50 years after his torch and death and Police Custody aljazeera while tells the remarkable story of antiapartheid campaigner. Her room south africa in mom who fought apartheid on aljazeera. Americas summer of. Hurricane threatening record flooding approaches the south as oregon declares a state of emergency over wildfires. Watching aljazeera lie from a headquarters and im very head sealing the deal the United Arab Emirates and the her a normalize relations with Israel Palestinians call it a betrayal of. More than 100000 homes damaged or destroyed big cleanup gets underway in sudan after all