The deadline its drawing near ivory coast his rival parties to nominate their president ial candidates. October selection is likely to be a major test for the countrys security who will face the people in a run for the highest office i ricos president ial candidates on aljazeera. Hello and welcome again to rewind im Kemal Santa Maria when we launched aljazeera english more than 10 years ago our goal was to bring you the sorts of documentaries all the channels simply one doing here on rewind we revisit some of the best of them and find out how the stories of moved on and today were returning to a film which had a major impact on young lives and changed the way a Global Business was developing tourism it is one of the biggest drivers of the Global Economy in 2018 it was worth nearly 9 trillion dollars making up more than 10 percent of the worlds gross domestic product. After emerging from more than 2 decades of war in the 1990 s. Cambodia has relied heavily on tourism to rebuild its economy its one of the Top Destinations for young travelers many of whom sign up with global volunteering companies but theres a dark side to this story war breeds all finns and back in 2012 Investigative ReporterGiuliana Rufus went on to tell the to find that well intentioned tourists were unwittingly fueling the exploitation of children at poorly regulated orphanages from the people in policy areas this is cambodias off a business. Numpad the capital of come by. Between the 1970 s. And 1990 s. Cambodia was ravaged by civil war. Since its return to peace there has been a boom in tourism with over 2000000 visiting every year. Came to help this war torn country increasing numbers of tourists and now also working as one until. Most come with the very best intentions to work in schools and orphanages and filling a gap left by a lack of development funding. But recently disturbing stories have emerged that come boden children are being exploited by some of the companies organizing volunteers or running over from agencies weve come to come by idea to investigate allegations that quite a few of these orphanages are rotten not for need but for profit. Our journey begins on the outskirts of jumpin at an orphanage and school full to peoples improvement organization. Set up 10 years ago it provides Free Education for children who worked on the citys main garbage dump. Was that. I. Think if theres an example of face practice in this industry then perhaps this is it i mean the. Tab is a boat from denmark has come to teach for 2 months. Sours it been so far i really like that its so clean i can do whatever i want and they come into my pants like that everybodys really friendly and the kids i really respect to and they really care they give a lot. In a deprived neighborhood p. O. s making a difference to organize pullen tearing in foreign donations. Its founder pam and newman explains how past conflicts have contributed to the estimated 10000 children in orphanages all this yeah they have children and they are so poor and they are abandoned them sometimes they just come to drop in from the door and they leave we dont know where are they from these people why would a parent leave their child here on the doorstep while he will often at. Yad do know they. Cannot afford to take care and also on some family they want to keep to go to school but they cannot afford. There are now almost 500 or from ages income by a figure that has doubled in the past decade. Some like p i o rely on foreign volunteers for skills and labor but the vast majority used volunteer and to generate income. We find one of them the lighthouse orphanage on the other side of town. The. Sinking. Lighthouse is home to 108 boys and girls ranging from 3 to 18 years old and. Their request that we donate some food for the children to eat you get good food sometimes too you struggle i cant say much better than your hometown a visa for the home government and the n. P. O. Yet so you need to nations from volunteer mr rich he is responsible for. Bringing volunteers to light house and has found a way of increasing revenues. If you will from the edges not just hosting get volunteers but groups of School Students on short term stays to just now a group of canadians are visiting in their downtime to students get to play with the children. And over the past week some special friendships have developed even the teachers are not immune to when they say i dont know. Dealing with a kid is going to be hard to just lay down here and you know one of these little guys walks up and grabs your hand you have no choice but to 6 5 sort of follow up with them so they. And that its pretty awesome. As canadian simple from scrotes closer not just good will but a lot of money is flowing into the orphanages to. Be supplied by. The labor probably but the tiles the same and the compost so we sent out about 5000. 00 ahead of time and then i brought a few 100. 00 with me so we bought some rice then we put our call will go to a water pump to keep the garden going so. Kind of give them a little happiness today with their shopping and all this is a huge amount of money in a country where the average wage is 65. 00 a month what they will never know is whether all of it will be used for the benefit of the children. We knew from various reports that in a number of cases a huge influx of stone of money has attracted unscrupulous Business People to open orphanages for the wrong reasons. To find out more and geo puts us in touch with conti and young chante who grew up in an orphanage. When the donors discovered that the director had been stealing the money donated for the children the orphanage was closed down. Com and john t. Take us to see the old home to tell us about the reality of wilsons lives hidden from the eyes of volunteers. It would operate langan at the moment. But happy that goal unit would you know bank on. Being. Over palmer he had have the ground now turn to. How you know why didnt. Why didnt you tell the volunteers out was going on but that i. Was one that would get dinner at me and. My mail paddling at least so long enough that i came out. But. The palm grove would have no. Time i knew how all men would go away when i. Come says he still suffers spouts of depression he works in 2 different restaurants for just 3. 00 a day. Chante 2 says hes still effective and he now has a regular job at the airport but not everyone from the orphanages fan so well. John t. Introduces us to china who lives on the streets and states he was not. Entirely familiar. But im in my book but what one can detain but. Chide barely speaks. Of but the book in japanese. Its. Small kind of fall back and whole lot of fun fact. Duffy pathname me and my mate have holed up to have the cat but by. My family and by the. But its not just the combo deans in charge of orphanages who are accused of taking advantage of the money flowing into that 1. 00 tourism has become a Global Industry and with Foreign Companies tapping into the potential profits true. We need us trail now demi jackson is who has volunteered in cambodia for the past 3 years and her experiences have made a jaded about the industry that really led to a lot of our nature is there at the things that vary from behind the scenes that you would just see coming in fast time demi explains that volunteers like her book their stays in cambodia for International Commercial volunteering Companies Based outside the country. Her 1st visit in 2009 was through projects abroad one of the largest in the world. Volunteering comes at a cost and demi surprised how little money actually goes to the local often edges program my doctor once told me they get tired all the same way. Here. That you know partakes of what you pay up to 3000. 00 a month. That he gets tired the other way so what hes saying is about a 100. 00 a week for legal mention if you have 10 people say 1000. 00 people say that sex is down. To a lot of money man. And i just a moment he is i think a really high from. The show is an ngo that investigates allegations of exploitation of children in orphanages and its one of the few places where volunteers can voice their concerns here and. I know from you know giuliana. Ehrenstein mob working on a case about an orphanage called the childrens Umbrella Center organization or cuckoo brought to them by former. Volunteer. So these are the email complaints that we did get from the volunteers really clearly stated what their concerns were. The abuse the children missing the director was openly saying that he did want to adopt the children out for a price about 10000. 00 which is which is extremely concerning for the show as well the doctrine is illegal in cambodia. There are allegations of physical abuse or food standards so the kids were looking hungry it was open sewage the boys were sleeping under a smaller roof in the roof is leaking so this place is Getting International volunteers as ations do you know who these organizations are well suited for one or the volunteering really interested right and this is dating back to literally one pretty much one year ago. She should took the allegations to the competent government to send in their examined in november 2011 and january 2012. Has been inspected twice by the ministry of social affairs and they found their condition a step holding in fact very happy that they would close the orphanage down if it doesnt stop complying with the minimum standards. To avoid devising suspicions we go in on the cover its volunteers wearing hidden cameras. And. We are greeted by saying that so often in just the right. To be. Seen it is keen for us to start teaching straight away. I mean you know one. Thing that i have never gotten any teaching and. I have. Become. Patty. You. See having simply walked off the street we are now teaching an english class then there is a seemingly endless amount of play time. Many of the children are hyperactive and will demand constant attention to it it is thanks to the teaching of history how many of the many times i was thinking. About he said think out of this mess there is no longer any answer to the kids of color nothing to do it means and what she said was totally pointless. When seen it returns he shows us the childrens rooms only half of the beds have mattresses on the side of the so middle of the. Aisle only and i dont know what is the metal these other conditions the government inspectors all scheme to improve and if that is all of whom are now out of office ill not render an income not that right no. Locus was there but i have a lot of it or that you have privately and they have to do is a lot of people. In the middle of the courtyard we also see the open sewer report to see sure. Their accusations that cynic uses the childrens misery to generate donations whether or not this is true he certainly doesnt seem to make any effort to meet the governments minimum standards. Before we leave sin a tries to get money out of us again how bad it was all kinds you have it a. Fairy tale mans hand it was a man there and something. He called and said i was. Ready half an hour sometimes i go mad on the right. Things a cuckoo up bad. But in the evening we learn that they can get even worse. Has become a target for child sex offenders and one to come investigate such cases for an n. C. O. Called ex police on phone and. Hes deeply concerned that some volunteer placement organizations fail to ask volunteers to undergo criminal record checks this is the very high useful and moving children who are living in the office. This guy you know his american guys and he came to come boy you through watching him brought to work in the pen to trick hospital shockingly this man dr James Dagostino had originally come to come both yes frugal in tearing with projects abroad and at the time he also brought 3 on the boys and one and all to leave in the buying records rented and according to the statement from the boy he appears the boy on multiple occasions in another case a british p a file nick griffon had opened his very own orphanage and abused boys then. Both men were found guilty and comes out in courts and sentenced to jail terms of 4 and 2 years respectively we return to cuckoo to follow up on the single most serious allegation that some of the children have gone missing from the all slaves. To our surprise a dutchman has. There is. Also the same thing really say. About how strong your faith other people are all the trouble is they have stuff but. Theyre sick so far. They feel that wherever we turn we keep hearing about projects abroad to our amazement he tells us projects abroad never asked him for a criminal background check which he would have had to agree to under dutch law. When we go looking for direct as soon as we find him at the back. But. We want to test how serious he is about protecting his orphans by asking him if we can remove some of the children. And run. For everyones safety weve asked the social worker to join us we tell sinnett shes a friend and interpreter we wanted her to. This afternoon to see if we can take some of the kids to have a little toy or. A plump and think of how many. Maybe you havent. Seen it is actually getting us to choose between the children. And minutes later with full of them. Never once have we been asked for identification. This is actually totally crazy ciena just allowed us to pick up 4 kids from his often actually they now gone out and we could just drive off with them. We knew from seizures investigations that the children are from the north east of the country but the paperwork at the orphanage was fabricated and their birth parents could not be traced here and well see. The sad reality is that even if the government would come to the rescue of these children they could never be reunited with their families. During our time income boda we have heard a lot about projects abroad now it was time to find out more. Projects abroad had a turnover of over 24000000. 00 u. S. Dollars in 2010 that made over 3000000. 00 u. S. Dollars profit and paid a dividend of 1000000. 00 to the to direct us i asked projects abroad why they continue sending their fallen tears into orphanages that are so clearly failing the children and why they are putting children at risk by not asking all their volunteers for criminal background checks the company declines an on camera interview but tells us in writing that ku receives 50. 00 per month for everybody until they say that even if the allegations against cuckoo were correct it would be better for the children of the orphanage to have better volunteers on the ground they also claim that since 2010 they do criminal background checks on the over thirtys and that for those younger they require a written reference from a School College unnamed referee. When we put our allegations to sin at the director of kuku he denied them all. Most volunteers decide on visiting cambodia with nothing but good intentions and until things improve the country and its people are said to benefit from sharing qualified skills. But most volunteers also fire an increasingly commercialized system and before leaving home its worth investigating who really stands to profit from their present. Cambodias often business a film which played a major part in increasing the understanding of the potential dangers of volunteerism well im very pleased to say that were joined here in the studio by the filmmaker who served julia rufus lovely to see you giuliana you were one of the 1st people to report on this internationally how did you even come across a story like this im actually quite interested in psychology and i was attending a conference on trauma and it was a global conference and there was a psychologist sociologist from cambodia and shed been working on that issue because a lot of the children were damaged psychologically and she told me about it and i thought it was astounding that this really wasnt an issue that was known about at all tell us about the children who you met there 1st of all we use the word orphans are they all technically what we would believe to be orphans yeah i mean that was really the 1st thing that i was interested in the vast majority of the children in these socalled orphanages actually do have parents and they there are people who go around and who effectively recruit these children they say to the parents that the children are going to get great education that theyll be in touch with lots of best westerners and the parens allow them allow these recruiters to take the children and then they get put into these again often ages and effectively some of these orphanages are a money making machine and do the children actually get to see the benefits of any of that money or a lot of the children are really damaged theyre damaged firstly because theyre being taken away from their parents and then secondly a lot of them and you can actually see that in our film they have what is called a. Attachment disorder so that they continuously get attached to a new person a new volunteer plays with them show us them with affection and then leaves very quickly im trying to imagine what what you went through in that actually i know its about the children but i mean thats a thats a very emotional things a goes for where this story really got me is when we tried to take some of the children out for a day out and what we tried to demonstrate is really the complete neglect of care that it was just he was just allowed to do it this is the thing you could be anyone narry because were good actually its a country that has a well known problem with child abuse especially paedophilia that is foreigners Foreign Tourists from socalled tourists again coming in and abusing children so the idea that we could take these children out without any supervision was quite astounding and that is really the thing that hit me i was so focused on will this happen can we take the kids out that when we finally said with these kids in the car it was actually quite emotional because we had this sense of the driving of with them in a car and we could have done absolutely anything to these kids and when you did take the children out of the orphanage you had a social worker with you and yeah you can actually see and the film and the social worker she was there for 2 reasons firstly to protect the children and to make sure that they are safe and comfortable and she helped translate but secondly it was also to actually protect us because we were aware that we were making what could be a very controversial film and we were worried about future allegation accusing us to have done something incorrect with the children she was there also to make sure that we were safe in that sense and whats happened since what as far as tightening up the laws. We can talk about the government what about the actual images themselves are they still operation like this yeah they were actually quite a few responses to this so firstly on an internet. In the level the awareness has really grown so astray i would say is as a country a leading example because they have actually made the trafficking of children into orphanages illegal theyve theyre describing it as a modern form of slavery and so thats the International Response then income bogut self the authorities half reacted to some degree theyve shut down some of the orphanages and theyve worked with International Agencies like the u. N. And and also International Organizations to close these orphanages down and and actively reunite the children from orphanages with the families where possible but also and this was particularly important to me some of the companies that run voluntourism schemes have to sided to abandon the sending of untrained volunteers into orphanages julian its been fascinating talking to you really great thanks for coming in thank you for having me. And projects abroad the company which you saw in that film say they no longer work in orphanages they say they now work with Community Based projects which means working with children still living at home well that is it for this edition of rewind to check us out online at aljazeera dot com for more films from the series and updates from the aljazeera and well see you again next time. This is one of the more sounding sort of the larger revolutions in all of make. We have to meet the c o 2 emission targets look to their to diminish and they need to be mined people are just talking about the sellers if thats going to solve the problem the world of business and commerce is driving the Energy Transition is the promise of clean energy and illusion the top side of green energy coming on aljazeera a unique kid endangered biodiversity lies in the heart of one of those tropical jungles there was a lot of misinformation about the animals of a half year and now. Coming by so their stuff conservation their communities aljazeera journeys deep into the rain forest to follow a scientist untied teams and fight to save the flora and fauna so precious in the region women make science ecuadors Hidden Treasure on aljazeera. Holding the powerful to account as we examine the u. S. Its role in the world on aljazeera. Women in belarus defy riot police to lead ongoing protests as the government steps up a crackdown banning many foreign media. But im Darren Jordan this is aljazeera live from doha also coming up dozens of migrants arrive in italy after being transferred from a rescue boat funded by the british street artist banksy. Mounting tensions in the mediterranean turkey plans a military exercise a day off to climbing to chase down agree