Transcripts For ALJAZ The New Middle East 20240712

Officers in swat gear standing outside and their job is to protect that building why should they project that building because last night the protesters took over this center area and as the city brought in these garbage and dump trucks some protesters set them on fire you can see that one over there has been lit up you can see that the windows of some of them have been knocked out and thats how things got violent last night and it was all set off by this 20 seconds of viral video in which you had Police Follow a man who did not appear to be armed Walking Around his own van his 3 children hidden inside and as he opened the door he fired 7 shots he is now were told in stable condition but that set off protests here in konoha and as far away as minneapolis where george floyd was of course killed earlier in a similar incident. Delegates the u. S. Republican National Convention who fully. The president made a surprise appearance at the event. That democrats want to steal the election. Doctors in germany have come to the kremlin critic alexi the valley was poisoned the long time opponent president Vladimir Putin collapsed in a plain old the e. U. Wants an independent and transparent investigation. The doctors treating alex in our valley have been quite categorical about what they believe is the cause of his ordeal they say that there is a toxin a poison in his system which has laid him low they say they dont believe that this is life threatening now but they cant guarantee that hes going to be able to recover fully from the extent of his ordeal the specific poison in his system belongs to a family of chemicals which have very few civilians there are a few sick applications only for conditions such as dementia or alzheimers disease and we know that mr nardelli has never complained of suffering from those conditions in which case you have to consider the other applications for this poison and that is pesticides and then nerve agents thats to say chemical weapons the point about this is that this revelation about poison in his system has prompted a reaction from the German Government with the foreign minister and the chancellor Angela Merkel making a joint statement in which they call upon the authorities in russia fully to investigate what caused this to happen to do so in a transparent manner and then to bring to account to bring to justice those responsible for the ordeal that mr nardelli has now been going through for several days 2 Tropical Storms are posing a banked about threat to the u. S. State of louisiana Tropical Storm marco has just made a landfall near new orleans and the governor there says the water wont time or have time to recede before Tropical Storm laura arrives thats currently passing over the caribbean. Up to 70 people are believed to have been trapped in the rubble of a collapsed Apartment Building in india its unclear exactly how many residents of the 5 story block were at home when it came down south of the Financial Capital by Emergency Services have managed to pull out dozens of people. Mediation talks in mali have ended with no agreement on a transition of power after last weeks coup but the 2 sides agree that ousted president Ibrahim Boubacar katter could be released from detention malis military on the west African Regional bloc echo us held talks for 3 days those were the headlines and back with more news in half an hour here on aljazeera do stay with us. World war one. What. 4 years of bitter conflict. Known as the great war. All the war 2 and all. Its grim trains warfare. With europe the main feature. But this was a war fault on many fronts. So theres another story rarely told. Of huge importance during the war. And of lost in the significance. Of a story of troops in fault and died but who are often forgotten. Im given outcome that shaped the middle east of today. This is going on more one through our local high. Money to reeky its an izzy and writer and broadcaster is taking us on a personal journey across a dozen countries. His grandfathers generation fault in the war. So far hes looked at the contributions made by arab north african troops conscripted by the british and French Colonial powers in north africa. And how and why the Ottoman Empire joins germany in the war. Putting its arab troops against their muslim brothers fighting for the allies. And as alterman fortunes declined how the europeans russians and i wrote this look to fill the power vacuum. Is from Michael Jordan mario on a day out of the money out of a good many of the libya the a lot of the talk at this hour my guitar watching. In this episode he sees how the shape of a new middle east was decided in secret by british and french diplomats if you look at a map at the beginning of the war you have an Ottoman Empire that ruled over us tiny sliver of europe all of the anatolian peninsula southwestern asia parts of north africa parts of the Arabian Peninsula at the end of the war thats got. How britain made separate promises to 3 different Interest Groups that were all incompatible with each other according to the Hussein Macmahon correspondence palestine belong to an arab state according to sex because. Agreement palestine was going to be internationalized according to the Balfour Declaration was going to go to the jews so how do you square that circle. And how this colonial selfinterest blew away the nationalist hopes of millions of arabs for postwar independence. This is why i told the center of power from way out of the British Imperial establishment decided to destroy their own of the allies the other main empire and create a new order in the arab easts. The arabs are still living with the consequences to this very day. Almost as soon as the ultimate empire joined the war in november 1914 the european allies began staking their claims. In march 915. 00 russia announced it wanted istanbul and the straits linking the black sea to the mediterranean. France accepted russias claim and set out its own plans. They wanted the southeast Turkish Coast and greater syria. Then in june 1915 britain announced it wanted the whole western coast of the arabian gulf plus all of mesopotamia. Britain also wanted to control a strip of land from there to haifa in which to build a railway it would give them an alternative route to india and one day might carry gulf oil. The british already had serious interest the Ottoman Empire theyd already up like egypt had already moved to the gulf states they already had interests in southern mesopotamia they. He had oriel interests in the gulf so the war suddenly brought all of this then right to the forefront. So in order to achieve this between 115 and 970 britain entered into 3 separate agreements which all conflicted with one another. One with the same bin ali the sharif of mecca to give him an arab state in return for leading a revolt against the ultimates. Another with the Zionist Movement to create a Jewish National home in palestine. And a secret pact with its own told ally france to divide the levant and mesopotamia between them dont sit. There dont want to follow this issue they said. Well as on. The people dont imply one would. See of security by any sponsor a policy created level does that. Even impede their own little. While the british were still negotiating with sorry for cenovus potential revolt in 1915 they and france appointed delegates to draw up this secret deal for dividing up ottoman territory. The french were represented by shell francois pico the former consul general in beirut. And the british by the governments middle east advisor so mark sykes. Sykes was from a wealthy english family whose country home was here thats led me a house in yorkshire he had a privileged upbringing and was taken on a trip to egypt when he was 11. His knowledge of the middle east had been picked up writing religion and travel books. Those sites like the Prime Minister to think he was an expert in fact he spoke neither turkish nor arabic. Speaker was a french lawyer turned diplomat whod spent several years in beirut and was a staunch supporter of french interests abroad. Though they paid lip service to independence for the arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire them bishan is of their respective countries where their real priorities is over the case the people assume the people i said mark cites and other british and the french policy makers were being disingenuous in their support for the idea of National Freedom in the middle east that at base it was just frankly a lie that they were sincere in their support for this idea of a new era of National Freight and those have could they be when they had their own very clear british french imperial objectives in the middle east. At this stage this was a paper exercise dependent on the course of the war. Knowing the buttons moon of the century doubly mons. And also to the treasury the monkey that when it was sheer make it about our. Country to our middle called country lizard im a dont put on leisures all dont call hershel local and the suez and usa year the montane expedition want me to put that me me satan issue. Look at the today. Liza me it isnt a year near. By the 2 Dollar Dollar deal it was a hub lease or shows youll get it on tape but i certainly among them all see this one is a core. Some cans on her machine if you say they dont go there make it a little present. On the. One. Just a. Day in the world into the palmetto and always. A world away from the arab provinces at the heart of British Government in london so mark sykes prepared for his negotiations with pico he told british Prime Minister Herbert Asquith i should like to draw a line from the easy in exile to the last case in kirkuk. And face to face with source because thats precisely what he did. He called it practical politics. The psychs pekoe agreement was concluded in a tobar 916 russia supported it on condition that its own claims to autumn and territory were accepted by britain and france. Sikes pico drew the map of the middle east in red and blue. The red zone mt the province of baghdad in which the british would have. The right to establish such direct or in directed ministration or control as they desire. The blue zone covered. And the syrian coast where france would have the same rights britain also claimed informal control over an area of northern a rabia from kirkuk to gaza. The french claimed the same informal control over a triangle from mosul to aleppo and damascus. This deal was what the palestinian writer George Antonius later called a startling piece of double dealing. In june 1960 sorry for saying the start of the arab revolt against the ultimate fulfilling his part of his deal with the british. Only 4 months later sykes pekoe was signed contradicting the british pledge to the arab people. What we have to realize though is that what we see is jew play city was actually explained by their ideas of the people of the region at the time and it roots of this was their racial outlook at the british policy making elite at the time of the 1st of all they assumed that these people couldnt possibly believe for a moment that when the british and french talked of National Freedom that it actually meant political independence that would have been a completely crazy idea to their minds because of their racial conviction. That the arab world was backward and to a lesser degree the jewish well to. The psychs pekoe deal remained of british french and russian secret for a year. But after the Russian Revolution in november 1917 the bolsheviks took russia out of the war the new leaders lenin and trotsky soon discovered that the saddest government had supported the psychs people agreement. The communist daily newspaper prophet or broke the story of the 3 european allies deception to the world. Following the viewed evolutionally governments decision to extract russia from the war but of the published what might be its only a great exclusive in november 1917 and other directions of both lenin and trotsky it prevented the details of the secret psychs because again and thus the soviets uncovered europes imperial plans to divide the middle east between britain and france. The cats was out of the bag but difficult to believe it had little Immediate Impact on the course of the war or on the arab world. All that really mattered now was military conquest boots on the ground politicians could make whatever deals they liked but occupation was 9 tenths of the law from the red sea to turkey. The entire region from. 2 to the tourist mountains was occupied they were occupied because they were crucially important to british were. More amps because of suez because of egypt because of iraq to india because of the oil fields and that iran and mesopotamia because of the the truthful states around the gulf all these were crucial british war aims from the very beginning. But now what to do with all this all the pied land the answer new states whether or not they respected ethnic religious or tribal borders. Not only did so mark sykes draw lines on the maps his artistic skills were put to further use. It is the ultimate. Mark cites a man so diverse and he detested in the east should be responsible for the design of the flags the symbol of National Sovereignty of so many other countries jordan iraq syria sudan kuwait yemen the emirates even the p. L. O. The palestine liberation organization. Sykes deal with pekoe was never formally enacted on the ground but it did bear a close resemblance to the way the british Prime Minister and french president carved things up at the end of the war. The partition was a fact of occupation and then the british and the french negotiated and clemenceau and lloyd george themselves negotiated probably in a taxi between Victoria Station and and 10 downing street when clemenceau arriving in london and in december of 1900 so it was completely casual and resisted and opposed by virtually everyone in the region. So mark sykes died soon after the war aged 13. 9 he cast a long shadow across the arab world especially palestine. On the sites because now it was colored brown an area under International Administration yet to be decided. Of britains 3 wartime promises the one made by foreign minister author balfour proved the most enduring and controversial. Kind of moderate cycle a one why amara. Said re are. Going to be a lot of land with a one as she has you want to show any of her side by the left her mom or her while its a lot. About the ballot for. There were many reasons for baal for his promise after centuries of and he semitism in russia and europe jews had started to settle in palestine. The Jewish Nationalist movement zionism was gaining momentum its leader was a russian born chemistry professor in manchester vitamin. The vitamin process for producing acetone fed britains wartime munitions production and his notoriety enabled him to lobby the British Government to support a Jewish National home in palestine. In june 1917 vitamine and the jewish banker and politician Walter Rothschild met Arthur Balfour in london to request a formal declaration of support for zionism 5 months later came his reply. On the 2nd of November Balfour wrote to rothschild to say that the government viewed with favor the establishment in palestine of a National Home for the jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this project. This is the famous Balfour Declaration the letter of foreign secretary up of bad percent in november mighty 17 to laud the rothschilds as at the 1st of what is the bad for the duration meant that the one nation promised to the 2nd nation the country of a 3rd. What is extraordinary is that this letter was not that it by balfour or his stuff instead it was drafted for him by high in vitamin the future president of israel. I think if were trying to understand the British Imperial establishment relationship and sign it in from the time of the 1st world war that its actually a key that we recognize the significance of the bible in British Culture so that they narratives of zionism. As the ancient jewish nation and the landscape with the by returning to its former glory days was an idea that was not overly familiar to many people in britain by the time of the 1st well all but romantic as well. There were also wider strategic reasons for supporting zionism. Jewish influence was strong in the government to britains new war ally the United States under president Woodrow Wilson. 2 of Woodrow Wilsons top advisors Felix Frankfurter on the one hand and Louis Brandeis on the other hand were ardent zionists now the british were very suspicious of Woodrow Wilson although the United States had already entered the war and the british were also very suspicious of the huge amount of german and german immigrants in the end states and irish immigrants in the United States that were opposed to britain and the British Empire so what they wanted to do was somehow get the United States to make sure the United States stayed on board in the 1st world world war and what that of course entailed was making sure that Woodrow Wilsons top advisers kept on pushing him giving him a goal or giving them a goal to fight for to the bitter end. And the other power the british wanted to keep happy was russian. The idea that the british thought most that many of the bolsheviks had jewish backgrounds behind trustees a real name was prophesied after all and what the british thought once you scratch these people underneath theyre really jewish so therefore what weve got to do is weve got to give them something that will a piece of them to make sure that they would stay in the war and fight to the bitter end as well didnt quite work out that way. And just as mark sykes had called his approach to negotiating with the french as practical politics there was good old good. Pragmatism. The idea of having a jewish colony somewhere to the north of the suez canal the british were in egypt at the suez canal and in the north you would have a jewish colony that would be very dependent on the british and of course the main british strategic odd goal was to protect the route to can deal. More george and the people around him sat down and thought to themselves its a cost us if it doesnt cost us anything it might have some benefits why dont we just do it little did they know how much it was going to cost. And still to come the arab aid for independence from ultimate rule shareef husseins revolt getting the better off and the better. What but im going to show you firsthand fuck up and yet as i behaved into. The idea of the mandate the league of nations time for continued foreign rule all again under the foot of that is the love that said. I would have. To see a lot of them to dead but other than that these are the lovable i mean the most. And the long time impact on the arab world of british and french double dealing. And also many dug up until a lot of my look at place and. A face can tell a story without uttering a single lead. And now england can see. A simple time. In 4 months. The Un Convention manatee of life witnessed through the lens of the human being. Is what inspires us. Witness ducking. Entries on aljazeera. Investigative journalism i got my day look this is my day on from the press down area looking like the noble expats and discussion should reparations be paid to the constitution and people losing their support the freedom of the people if you leave giving voice to the voiceless its like youre going to know why you dont have the time you want programs that open your eyes to an alternative view of the world today announces iraq. More than 7 decades ago a country was split into 3 big but did anything and now at the time come when we still needed enough attention all it took was a pan a map and a collapsing empire and when the british had to draw a line they pulled his servant who had never been to india before aljazeera examines the violent birth of india and pakistan and asks what the future holds for these meekly and neighbors partition borders of blood. More roof. Oh. You want your observer of me so robin and horrible and of all top stories a new wave of black lives matter demonstrations have begun across the United States after another Police Shooting of a black man hundreds of protesters have gathered in the city of commission wisconsin after a 29 year old was shot multiple times by police on sunday night lined curfews in place but protesters wall will defy those orders delegates at the u. S. Republican National Convention have formally renominated donald trump as their president ial candidate the president made a surprise appearance at the event and was on the attack claiming that democrats want to steal the election. If you want to really drive them crazy you see 12 more years. We caught them doing some really bad things in 2016 see what happens we caught them doing some really bad things we have to be very careful because theyre trying it again with this whole 80000000 mail in ballots that theyre working on. Sending a mad to people that didnt ask for it ines they just get him and its not fair and its not right doctors in germany have confirmed that coma in critical x. In a valley was poisoned the long time opponent of president Vladimir Putin collapsed on a plane on thursday after he reportedly drank a cup of tea at tomsk airport the e. U. Wants an independent and transparent investigation to Tropical Storms opposing back to back threats to the state of louisiana Tropical Storm marco as just made landfall near new orleans the governor says water wont have time to recede before Tropical Storm laura arrives nonscholarly passing over the caribbean up to 70 people are believed to be trapped in the rubble of a collapsed Apartment Building in india its unclear exactly how many residents of the 5 Story Building were home when it came down south of the Financial Capital by Emergency Services have managed to pull many out of the rubble mediation talks in mali have ended with no agreement on a transition of power after last weeks coup malis military on the west African Regional bloc ecowas were not in talks for 3 days the 2 sides agree that ousted president Ibrahim Boubacar katter can be released from detention those were the headlines more news in half an hour but we return to world war one through our by here on aljazeera. Luck. Money to rekey the 2 newseum writer and broadcaster is telling the story of the 1st world war from an arab perspective. In 191516 the war in europe was bloody mary silis and im going to lend to. The british and french were bald down in the trenches against a stubborn jam and. But it was a different kind of war in the middle east. Britain strategy was to capitalize on growing out of nationalist feeling against for centuries of ultimate rule. Carolina and the hold up with that minute theyve created became at the age the mad hour and jim yet said we have i dont have either mush. Home and i am now a miniature he and i have been going to ship and fish down the walk i dont know and you have thought about what the number one issue any of us a and and yet as i had the if they were. In 1915 the british high commissioner in cairo so Henry Mcmahon began negotiating an alliance with a sane benali the shout of mecca and exchange of letters took place between mcmahon and hussein about the possibility of joining some sort of revolt against the ottomans the result of that was that the british promised should be for sane and his sons gold and guns and an arab state or states to be founded after the war was over and in return for that they would clear war on the ottomans. Was also the choice of our of the secret resistance groups. That i threw in the water and that is that we have a polyp on all of our faceoff as i behave what that you have. And. The will of the who are what he for life while the have to have them all the walk around and you have to deal with our one your own but theyll be out there on a bit. But it was far from simple. All of this maneuvering was going on at the same time as the british and french representatives mark sykes and francois pico were carving up the middle east between the. Sorry for saying dreamt of a great arab state to include the levant from the egyptian border up to the Taurus Mountains in turkey. Plus all of mesopotamia to the border in the north and the whole of the Arabian Peninsula except for the british colony of aden. Kind of. How do you. And must i know how can i say leap years youve been out of. Your door the. Iraqis in one corner much learned. Now i can beat up on you know i did that and now so fucked up for him he made much i did ok for that would i have had the advantage of any i could go to any kind of could my body i know who laughs about how to do another record who are not muslim how to do a minute about. Britain weighed up the benefits and agreed to sorry for saints demands. For his part the same called for an arab uprising against the ultimate on the 5th of june 916. 00. The hashemite forces under the command of hussein son feisal mobilized. From their bases they attacked the ottoman supply line to his us railway. They found the arab tribesmen of transjordan a tough nut to crack. The 4th. The line here today at alcatraz is near the jordanian town of maan a tribal stronghold that the hashemites were never able to capture. Before the war the his honours railway had been a way for arabs here to travel from alcatraz to new destinations 100 years on the trains dont stop here anymore. With. When feisal hashemites moved north in 1918 and formed a Pincer Movement with general allen based british divisions in palestine they were able to take damascus on the 2nd of october. The big battles were occurring in europe this was the right flank of an army that was invading north from egypt up the coast of the mediterranean eventually to end up in aleppo. After taking greater sin. Area faisal felt he did cheat his objective and fully expected the british to deliver on their promises. Ottoman rule of the levant was at an end and in a month a war would be over. The armistice was signed on the 11th of november 1918. The arabs who fought for the victorious allies thought it was payback time they expected sovereignty and independence. That was how it was understood in the arab world the real problem for the region is that although the British Government unleashed this idea to the genie after the bottle of the idea of National Freedom the pritish understanding and certainly the french understanding of what National Freedom would mean for the region is very very different from how it was conceived across the region itself. First to react because egypt. Its people had paid a high price for supporting the british. Of the 1200000 men deployed in different roles in world war one battle fields 500000 perished. A few months after the war ended the egyptian politician and statesman sods are google asked the british high commissioner if he could lead a delegation to the paris peace conference he wanted to negotiate the gyptian independence the rule and his supporters try to put pressure on the king to taint their relationship with the bridge the king has a respect within hours the ordinary egyptians but at that stage that respect has disappeared why because of the. Lost of egyptians in the war with the economy come if occasion on the people of the life all of this actually creating the wider gap between. The king and the egyptian people which faceted their efforts of sad salute to why do they got more and more with that with a king and with a bitch because they wanted to make sure that bitch has no place in egypt after what happened in the 1st world war. The british arrested some glue and his companions in march 1919 and exiled them to malta. Egypt exploded into revolution. Faced with my civil disobedience the british released sugru and allowed him to travel to paris. But when he arrived he was devastated to learn that the british protectorate over egypt had already been recognised. Because the allies sit down in paris afterwards and it should be pretty easy to hammer out some sort of peace on priest virtually impossible theres just too many contradictory agreements which is why they had a stark again from scratch. And one of the agreements was with the hashemites prince faisal also travel to the site in the hope of achieving his familys goal of a greater arab state. But a united arabia was the last thing the allies wanted. And the arabs would now learn a new time mandate. The effect that i have at least and i do you know what i can tell you i mean did that either or and not do and im going to be a. One man at the end when im here and know who will be how do you show what that leave me. Enough to have been if you have. Got to be cut out of. That that you know why you nominate german. But they had to do it. Into their head. And where youve been. Here how you and i had a little below there out of you what. Are you going to be. Up one. Faisals disappointment in a vast side didnt stop him from seizing his opportunity. In damascus in march 1920 he declared the syrian arab kingdom as an independent state with himself as king. And while far too many had to look now and then like well not so long. There was a rally with. Herman and myself again with from anonymously me again for a little while from feeling brought up having to ask every year. With my look at myself all. Vices declaration of an independent state was the deal he had with the british. But the french with sykes pekoe heavily in mind had very different ideas. On the 24th of july 1920 a small force of arab volunteers gathered at may saloon to try to stop the french army reaching damascus. But the french troops routed the arab nationalists and swept on to the syrian capital. Gang faisel fled to london the 1st independent arab state the kingdom of syria lasted less than 4 months. The French Occupation of syria turned into a mandate in 1922 and lasted until 1936 with all the problems it entailed and which are still felt today. Into double france beijing this year you know the way that if the reality we go in there is only a. Mess. Then what that. Sounds like a disk on that live from edina you might think. That message hey you know i dont mean. You know who by they did for insulin how to handle the truck. We know nothing as a 2nd that i could not miss the needle myself i leaned on tuck it. The french mandate also had a big impact on lebanon. That system is nonpartizan in the. Bill i was getting basically better ali is the one that responded to the 2nd shouldst i thought you meant into debbi finance and with what sort of think it let myself think it could be that again but the thought that as this movie unless it is the need for a system home a business a move to troubles that as im going to be 70 well off and into. And i dont do myself i mean people that i was young with thought if you would mess happy. When then it was able to exit. The religious and ethnic divisions created by the french mandate in the 1920 s. And thirtys have had a lasting effect on both syria and lebanon. Leading to a string of internal and cross border conflicts in both countries. The problems experienced in the past 3 decades in iraq also date back to the british mandate. In march 1917 British Forces captured baghdad ending ottoman rule in mesopotamia 3 years later in april 1920 the league of nations assigned iraq to britain as a formal mandate they had interest of iraq because they have also stood in the presence in the gulf as well and in south of iraq so basically they have a good knowledge about whats happening in iraq and they build a strong relations with the tribes in iraq in the light of whats happening basically and the failure of the liver to the arabs and stablish with socalled as they and the hashemite basically have good linkage with arab nationalism in iraq all of this together help to mobilize people and the have 1900 of aleutian. In maine 1920 the iraqis a mix of kurds sonny our robes and shia began peaceful protests in baghdad. The british arrested the leaders. And sponsored filings confrontation. They then crushed the iraqi oil pricing with overwhelming force. 2200. 00 british and indian soldiers were killed. But around 8 and a. Half 1000 iraqis were killed or wounded. By now many arabs were starting to look back on ultimate rule as preferable to being under the british and french mandates. That arab people believe that they could seek greater ties with the turkish people because most arab people saw the turks as fellow muslims who are fighting a similar issue european occupation. But the defeat it also means were also facing a changed world. 5 countries occupied parts of present day turkey. The treaty of 70 or paris in august 1920 laid out the allies harsh postwar terms. The turks turn to the hero of. The army officer who led the ultimate defeat of the allies in the dardanelles in 1915. The conditions of the year treaty of servitor placed on the ultimate empire were extreme so it seemed to come out at a took on the turks nation would refuse them and any plan 5 invading the european armies. Most of a come all managed to command the turks to victory. In what became the turkish war of independence. Now jessica and now their yacht i must overcome a larger amount of the mark up that he appears to work around the stop bar and you are the one here that will know where their. If you want to do when youre going to be on it at that im happy just declare it took you know. Which years here. And from so i mean with an hour for sherry. And assault on a. Which i mean a lot of hours i mean. Then but i wonder if they had a sly yeah i get the clearest of. Gravity and let the happy about that one which may be a p. J. Media and i have. With the bonds between arab and turks now broken most of a commom and the independent turkey state turned their backs not only on their own past but on the arab peoples as a whole. The arabs were now on their own. When it becomes clear that the occupation of these regions is going to take place at the british and french armies are not going to leave that the british and french empires states are going to impose a colonial regime armed Opposition Armed revolt becomes an obvious and almost foregone conclusion. Follows ilsa one was one of the arab generation that lived through the horrors of world war one. He started as an officer in the autumn an army but after the war he joined king faisel when he ruled syria and fozzy also fought at my saloon in 1920. When the Syrian Revolution against the french erupted 5 years later he didnt hesitate to join the nationalist side. Malik told to also watch these Close Friends yaki also keep in this house in beirut where he and fuzzy used to meet. Sometimes i wish mean the alice a lot of us a lot of us persuade the solid fathers forward on alan and the mom all right i love. The mom. Telling him no were not in the middle of the princess and more absent thing and its legal to toss me in the national do enough that no one can finance a bubble out of the money does its infancy when i can home with. The fortunate thing to know is that ive been down the headset luna all over the globe with a set i would receive on the limb today the net net show. They love these are bad and it is still a. Must leave the room when the own be. Happy at them be met. With amenities of the love in the home i mean the pope. After 2 years of heavy fighting 6000 rebels were killed and 800000 syrians displaced. The route was ultimately put down by french forces. But fonzie also once he continues his struggle. In 1948 he led the Arab Liberation army of volunteers in the neck meaning the catastrophe the arabic term referring to the founding of israel. Came back didnt sell to sort of the bucket in the long can in the more look of the swap. And name that at the start of the money in the suburb and its only in the midst of a 10. 00 cent of some saucily house and to support a team oh something when a lot of aim in europe has left home. And they could well have i would have been looking at that little. Russia and thing and solomon the phones or will that have a lot of luck to them the elements those in shalamar and the whole the m d and then the with those of the live paint until i mean. I need to throw have. I been passionate. Ellie and about to move them about and so on. And off a little what the name here like that hold a lot better be there with. Us old than a concept of the world when you live no month unless our fandom has an issue in that mess that. A lot of. The arab world could not unite to prevent the state of israel becoming a reality in the heart of the arab world. Of the 3 british wartime promises this was the only one that was realized and the aftermath has been felt throughout the middle east ever since. In terms of the harvest of misery the suffering the injustices the difficulties the trauma that has resulted from this period from 1900 and the postwar settlement i think that the 1st world war is the greatest calamity to befall the middle east since the mongols and 1250 and the robotic play and the 14th century and i dont think that this is actually an overstatement the whole debate about sectarianism the whole debate about arab nationalism the whole debate about the role of the state the whole debate about corruption about the elite all of those elements now out of and others are engaged on in 2014 where it hooted there and i think they know this into all of that the finger out of playing off the outsiders in that time british friends in 201415 americans its the same with different players in some stages of the same scenario the same ideas the same slogan the same debates sometimes different that. The new middle east was formed by the 1st world war. Many hopes the end of the war would herald a new age of independence and peace. But the region has proved to be one of the most tragic and troubled of modern times. And a 100 years old is still striving to find lasting peace. Hello there horse and draw across the west of the United States because that is where the wildfire has just destroying major parts of california me want to cross into the gulf were watching what is a Tropical Storm making landfall cheese day on into wednesday but out across the west this is what of course we have seen now for days and days on end this is actually in napa valley this footage was taken by a driver trying to make that journey through this particular roadway in napa valley and you can see what they were driving through or at times what they could not say a nicholas eventually they reached a point they could not go any further they have to tell us how dangerous these fires are still the weather conditions the same hot and dry gusty winds try california up into oregon across into nevada we could have some of that of course spocks these fires that through tuesday itll be the mako working its way of course that will made landfall by cheese day it worked its way west was across to the coast of louisiana and then weve got the hails as we go through chews day and wednesday system laura is actually expected to become a hurricane by then of course marco will have dissipated i want to show you them both a little more clearly certainly as we go through choose day lure of pushing away from cuba into the wall says this is where im expected to strengthen into a hurricane meanwhile those rains continue with mako as in these west along into texas. This is one of the down drinkers revelations in all of may. We have to meet the c o 2 emission targets like. To. Remind people were just talking about the soldiers if thats going to solve the problem. Of these trees and congress is driving the Energy Transition the promise of clean energy and. Top side of green energy coming soon on al jazeera. Selfless act human bravery 10000 precious pieces of literature rescued from being. Besieged sorry. Algis their wild mates the both mean women and men who risked everything to save their rights inherited. The love of books on aljazeera. Singapore is being accused of expanding its coastline of illegally dredged sat and some of the islands off the coast of indonesia literally that its a big business smuggling example it will take the same there in the sand is. To say this beautiful beach but behind it is something thats not so well tragedy is that people are just not aware and ecological investigation into a global emergency sand was at this time on aljazeera. A diverse range of stories from across the globe from the perspective of our networks journalists on aljazeera. And go renewed in the us protests in several cities after a black man is shot 7 times by police. Alarms the rommany watching aljazeera headquarters here in doha coming up in the next 30 minutes donald trump accuses democrats of trying to steal the upcoming u. S. Election as his party nominates him as its president ial candidate. Also the e. U. Demands an independent investigation that doctors confirm