Transcripts For ALJAZ The New Middle East 20240712

A maximum security prison in oakland where once the sentences handed down hes likely to spend the rest of his life there was also tight security at the court where terence will sit for the next few days facing and listening to the victims and their family members. But. He will always be the light of our lives and we will. Her son was one of 44 People Killed during friday prayers at the el nor mosque where terence began his assault armed with 6 high powered guns he then drove across town to the lynwood mosque and killed 7 more before he was arrested he streamed the attacks on the internet and did earlier uploaded a manifesto detailing his obsession with White Supremacy and his hatred of muslims the court heard he wanted to inflict as many fatalities as possible and burn down the mosques afterwards hed studied the floor plans in advance and targeted the mosques when he knew they would be busy the planes timed entry was to ensure the mix of the number of wishes would be present if it analyze the. 2 likely exit routes fleeing wish was lost survivors spoke of his failure to achieve his goal of spreading hate and sowing divisions oh. We come more united through. After a surprise guilty plea in march terence sentencing was delayed because of coronavirus restrictions despite the lack of a trial the judge said he wanted those affected to have their say in court to help bring finale and closure that painful process is under way and a sentence is likely to be handed down on thursday when hey al jazeera. 2 members of the Opposition Coordination Council have been detained in belo loose and it comes a day after one of the biggest antigovernment protests in the countrys modern history despite a military deployment on the streets of the capital 200000. 00 people turned out to demand the resignation of president Alexander Lukashenko they say he rigged the election earlier this Month Service and has more on the arrests from minsk. These are 2 prominent members of this Coalition Council they were arrested this morning at a structural factory one of them is the leader of the striking workers from this tractor factory who has actually grown into a National Strike leader in the last couple of weeks he has become a member of this coalition the other one is a Campaign Manager for that line of camel sky so to imports and some members of this council Coalition Council has held a presser since then they have said this is an effort to criminalize the work of the Coalition Council the only thing that we are aiming to do is to have a dialogue with the government about its sensational government power is gradually being restored in syria after a major gas pipeline explosion left large parts of the country without tearing through city firefighters and put out the blaze on the out of gas line northeast of the capital damascus this was the scene a few hours ago that are no details yet on what may have caused the explosion but the oil minister is suggesting it could be an act of terror 2 explosions in the southern philippines have killed at least 10 people several others are injured in the town of hollow ensuite province initial reports say a homemade bomb in a motorbike exploded close to military vehicles theres been no claim of responsibility and those are the headlines the news continues here on aljazeera after world war one through our alliance will see in about half an hour to violence. World war one. Played. 4 years of bitter conflict. Known as the great war. All the war 2 and all. Its grim trains war for. Good luck with europe the main feature. But this was a war fault on many fronts. So theres another story rarely told. Of huge importance during the war. And of lost in the significance. Of a story of troops to fault and die but who are often forgotten. Im driven outcome that shaped the middle east of today. This is going more one through our local high. Money to reeky its an izzy and writer and broadcaster is taking us on a personal journey across a dozen countries. His grandfathers generation fault in the war. So far hes looked at the contributions made by arab north african troops conscripted by the british and French Colonial powers in north africa. And how and why the Ottoman Empire joins germany in the war. Putting its arab troops against their muslim brothers fighting for the allies. And as alterman fortunes declined how the europeans russians and i wrote this look to fill the power vacuum. Is from Michael Jordan mario on a day out of the money out of a good many of the libya the a lot of the talk at this hour my daughter was. In this episode he sees how the shape of a new middle east was decided in secret by british and french diplomats if you look at a map at the beginning of the war you have an Ottoman Empire that ruled over us tiny sliver of europe all of the anatolian peninsula southwestern asia parts of north africa parts of the Arabian Peninsula at the end of the war thats got. How britain made separate promises to 3 different Interest Groups that were all incompatible with each other according to the Hussein Macmahon correspondence palestine belong to an arab state according to sex because. Agreement palestine was going to be internationalized according to the Balfour Declaration was going to go to the jews so how do you square that circle. And how this colonial selfinterest blew away the nationalist hopes of millions of arabs for postwar independence. This is why i told the center of power from way out of the British Imperial establishment decided to destroy their own of the allies the other main empire and create a new order in the arab easts. The arabs are still living with the consequences to this very day. Almost as soon as the ultimate empire joined the war in november 1914 the european allies began staking their claims. In march 950. 00 russia announced it wanted istanbul and the straits linking the black sea to the mediterranean. France accepted russias claim and set out its own plans. They wanted the southeast Turkish Coast and greater syria. Then in june 1915 britain announced it wanted the whole western coast of the arabian gulf plus all of mesopotamia. Britain also wanted to control a strip of land from there to haifa in which to build a railway it would give them an alternative route to india and one day might carry gulf oil. The british already had serious interest the Ottoman Empire theyd already up like egypt had already moved the gulf states they already had interests in southern mesopotamia there. He had oriel interests in the gulf so the war suddenly brought all of this then right before front. So in order to achieve this between 115 and 970 britain entered into 3 separate agreements which all conflicted with one another. One with the same bin ali the sharif of mecca to give him an arab state in return for leading a revolt against the ultimates. Another with the Zionist Movement to create a Jewish National home in palestine. And a secret pact with its own told ally france to divide the levant and mesopotamia between them dont sissel should say shell say but. They dont want to follow this issue they said. Well as on. The people dont imply one would. See of security but any sponsor security level designs it. Even if we then went on little. While the british were still negotiating with sorry for cenovus potential revolt in 1915 they and france appointed delegates to draw up this secret deal for dividing up ottoman territory. The french were represented by shell france was george pico the former consul general in beirut. And the british by the governments middle east advisor so mark sykes. Sykes was from a wealthy english family whose country home was here thats led me a house in yorkshire he had a privileged upbringing and was taken on a trip to egypt when he was 11. His knowledge of the middle east had been picked up by writing religion and travel books. Those sites like the Prime Minister to think he was an expert in fact he spoke neither turkish nor arabic. Speaker was a french lawyer turned diplomat whod spent several years in beirut and was a staunch supporter of french interests abroad. Though they paid lip service to independence for the arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire them bishan is of their respective countries where their real priorities is over the case that people assume the people i said mark sites and other british and the french policy makers were being disingenuous in their support for the idea of National Freedom in the middle east that at base it was just frankly a lie that they were sincere in the support for this idea of a new era of National Freight and those have could they be when they had their own very clear british french imperial objectives in the middle east. At this stage this was a paper exercise dependent on the course of the war. Knowing the buttons moon of the century doubly mons. And also to the treasury the monkey that when it was sheer make it a. Focal contrary to all who continue to argue it unquote could be lizard im a dont put it on leisure so dont call hershel local and the suez as i say youd want an experience you want me to protect me from a satanist should. Look at him today. Liza to me it isnt a year near. 2 dollars dollar a job lisa shows youll get it on t. V. But i sit on the mantel. See the sun is a core and there are some cans on her machine if you say they dont make it a little present. On the. One. Just a. Day in the world in the palmetto and always. A world away from the arab provinces at the heart of British Government in london so mark sykes prepared for his negotiations with pico he told british Prime Minister howard asked with i should like to draw a line from the easy in exile to the last case in kirkuk. And face to face with source because thats precisely what he did. He called it practical politics. The psychs pekoe agreement was concluded in a tobar 916 russia supported it on condition that its own claims to autumn and territory were accepted by britain and france. Sikes pico drew the map of the middle east in red and blue. The red zone mt the province of baghdad in which the british would have. The right to establish such direct or in directed ministration or control as they desire. The blue zone covered. And the syrian coast where france would have the same rights britain also claimed informal control over an area of northern a rabia from kirkuk to gaza. The french claimed the same informal control over a triangle from mosul to aleppo and damascus. This deal was what the palestinian writer George Antonius later called a startling piece of double dealing. In june 1960 sorry for saying the start of the arab revolt against the ultimate fulfilling his part of his deal with the british. Only 4 months later sykes pekoe was signed contradicting the british pledge to the arab people. What we have to realize though is that what we see is you play city was actually explained by their ideas of the people of the region at the time and it roots of this was their racial outlook at the british policy making elite at the time of the 1st of all they assumed that these people couldnt possibly believe for a moment that when the british and french talked of National Freedom that it actually meant political independence that would have been a completely crazy idea to their minds because of their racial conviction. That the arab world was backward and to a lesser degree the jewish well to. The psychs pico deal remained of british french and russian secret for a year. But after the Russian Revolution in november 1917 the bolsheviks took russia out of the war the new leaders lenin and trotsky soon discovered that the saddest government had supported the psychs people agreement. The communist daily newspaper prophet or broke the story of the 3 european allies deception to the world. Following the viewed evolutionally governments decision to extract russia from the war but of the published what might be its only a great exclusive in november 1917 and other directions of both lenin and trotsky it prevented the details of the secret psychs because when and thus the soviets uncovered europes imperial plans to divide the middle east between britain and france. The cats was out of the bag but difficult to believe it had little Immediate Impact on the course of the war or on the arab world. All that really mattered now was military conquest boots on the ground politicians could make whatever deals they liked but occupation was 9 tenths of the law from the red sea to turkey. The entire region from. 2 to the tourist mountains was occupied they were occupied because they were crucially important to british were. More amps because of suez because of egypt because of iraq to india because of the oil fields and that iran and mesopotamia because of the the truthful states around the gulf all these were crucial british war aims from the very beginning. But now what to do with all this all the pied land the answer new states whether or not they respected ethnic religious or tribal borders. Not only did so mark sykes draw lines on the maps his artistic skills were put to further use. It is the ultimate. Mark cites a man so diverse and he detested in the east should be responsible for the design of the flags the symbol of National Sovereignty of so many other countries jordan iraq syria sudan kuwait yemen the emirates even the p. L. O. The palestine liberation organization. Sykes deal with pekoe was never formally enacted on the ground but it did bear a close resemblance to the way the british Prime Minister and french president carved things up at the end of the war. The partition was a fact of occupation and then the british and the french negotiated and clemenceau and lloyd george themselves negotiated probably in a taxi between Victoria Station and and 10 downing street when clemenceau arriving in london and in december of 1900 so it was completely casual and resisted and opposed by virtually everyone in the region. So mark sykes died soon after the war aged 13. 9 he cast a long shadow across the arab world especially palestine. On the sykes picos map it was colored brown an area under International Administration yet to be decided. Of britains 3 wartime promises the one made by foreign minister author balfour proved the most enduring and controversial. Kind of ma that cycle a one why amara. Said re are. Going to be a lot of land with a cow for one as she has you want to show any of her side by the let her mama her while its allure. For. There were many reasons for baal for his promise after centuries of and he semitism in russia and europe jews had started to settle in palestine. The Jewish Nationalist movement zionism was gaining momentum its leader was a russian born chemistry professor in manchester vitamin. The vitamin process for producing acetone fed britains wartime munitions production and his notoriety enabled him to lobby the British Government to support a Jewish National home in palestine. In june 1917 vitamine and the jewish banker and politician Walter Rothschild met after balfour in london to request a formal declaration of support for zionism 5 months later came his reply. On the 2nd of November Balfour wrote to rothschild to say that the government viewed with favor the establishment in palestine of a National Home for the jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this project. This is the famous Balfour Declaration the letter of foreign secretary up of bad percent in november mighty 17 to laud the rothschilds as at the 1st of what is the bad for the duration meant that the one nation promise to the 2nd nation the country of a 3rd. What is extraordinary is that this letter was not that it by balfour or his stuff instead it was drafted for him by high in vitamin d. Future president of israel. I think if were trying to understand the British Imperial establishment relationship with sign it in from the time of the 1st of all that is actually a key that we recognize the significance of the bible in British Culture so that they narratives of zionism. As the ancient jewish nation and the landscape with the by returning to its former glory days was an idea that was not overly familiar to many people in britain by the time of the 1st well all but romantic as well. There were also wider strategic reasons for supporting zionism. Jewish influence was strong in the government to britains new war ally the United States under president Woodrow Wilson. 2 of Woodrow Wilsons top advisors Felix Frankfurter on the one hand and Louis Brandeis on the other hand were ardent zionists now the british were very suspicious of Woodrow Wilson although the United States had already entered the war and the british were also very suspicious of the huge amount of german and german immigrants in the end states and irish immigrants in the United States that were opposed to britain and the British Empire so what they wanted to do was somehow get the United States to make sure the United States stayed on board in the 1st world world war and what that of course entailed was making sure that Woodrow Wilsons top advisers kept on pushing him giving him a goal or giving them a goal to fight for to the bitter end. And the other power the british wanted to keep happy was russian. The idea that the british thought most that many of the bolsheviks had jewish backgrounds behind trustees a real name was prophesied after all and what the british thought once you scratch these people underneath it really jewish so therefore what weve got to do is weve got to give them something that will a piece of them to make sure that they would stay in the war and fight to the bitter end as well didnt quite work out that way. And just as mark sykes had called his approach to negotiating with the french as practical politics there was good old brick. Pragmatism. The idea of having a jewish colony somewhere to the north of the suez canal the british were in egypt at the suez canal and in the north you would have a jewish colony that would be very dependent on the british and of course the main british strategic odd goal was to protect the route to can deal. More george and the people around 10 sat down and thought to themselves its a cost us if it doesnt cost us anything it might have some benefits why dont we just do it little did they know how much it was going to cost. And still to come the arab aid for independence from ultimate rule shareef husseins revolt again im a put off and. What but ill move initiative for saying fuck up and yet as i hear it come. The idea of the mandate the league of nations time for continued foreign rule over again under the foot of that is the old uncle took that said luna will know what im blowed i said i would. Live to bed with something that these are the love with me the open. And the long time impact on the arab world of british and french double dealing who can and will someone who does and through. Whom i look at the place and move. On counting the cost cracks in the Global Economy stocks so to record highs despite the coronavirus that make billionaires become richer but the poor get poorer so is it time to finally come fun capitalism plus remaking china and president shes. Counting the cost on aljazeera. Rewind returns with a new series and brand new updates on the past about to serious documentaries or think that. If youre on the phone youre just learning just to rewind continues with saving souwester seeing the light 10 years later the plot of you average person for a community in Southern Africa is no better this is a great motivator for us to keep giving back to these communities on al jazeera. Ahmed no mood out of his parents house after he got married he says he found more space living in biscayne after a run of eating it last year its now his home along with his wife due to her and all but the Israeli Government said that he was deconstructed weve gotten permits and issued the demolition order last month our interview with cut short as he hears that the israeli army has arrived in the village with a bulldozer residents say soldiers gave them one minute to get home it took the found me months to build their brick house and less than an hour to see it get demolished. Wooer. Oh. I dont know about this and in doha the top stories on all dizzy are the gunman who murdered 51 people at 2 mosques in new zealand last year as 1st survivors of his attacks in a courtroom dramas recounted hollowing experiences of burns and town sentencing hearing. 2 members of the Opposition Coordination Council have been detained in bello reuss and comes a day off one of the biggest antigovernment protests in the countrys modern history despite a military deployment on the streets of the capital around 200000. 00 people turned out to demand the resignation of president Alexander Lukashenko they say he rigged the election earlier this month. On the arrests from minsk these are 2 prominent members of Coalition Council they were arrested this morning at the factory one of them is the leader of the striking workers from this tractor factory has actually grown into a National Strike leader in the last couple of weeks he has become a member of this coalition the other one is a Campaign Manager for. The imports and some members of this council. Since then they have said this is an effort to criminalize the work of the coalition so the only thing that we are aiming to do is to have a dialogue with the government about this in the government the russian doctors who 1st treated Opposition Leader alexina vonnie say theyre responsible for saving his life is being treated in germany after being flown from a siberian hospital in an induced coma on saturday doctors there say they gave me the correct treatment and no poison was found in his system. Power is gradually being restored in syria after a gas pipeline explosion left large parts of the country without having to city firefighters and put out the blaze at the out of gas line northeast of the capital damascus now a minister is suggesting it could be an act of terror u. S. Secretary of state might pump aoe has met with Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu in israel is promoting the u. S. Brokered deal between israel and the u. A. E. To normalize ties compares says the u. S. Will not a review on sales to the u. A. E. 2 explosions in the southern philippines have killed at least 10 people several others are injured in the town of hollow ensued province initial reports say a homemade bomb on a motorbike exploded close to military vehicles those are the headlines the news continues after world war one through. Good buy. Money to rekey the 2 newseum writer and broadcaster is telling the story of the 1st world war from an arab perspective. In 191516 the war in europe was bloody mary silis and im going to lend to. The british and french were bald down in the trenches against a stubborn jam and. But it was a different kind of war in the middle east. Britain strategy was to capitalize on growing out of nationalist feeling against for centuries of ultimate rule. Carolina and the hold up with that minute the key it became at the age the mad hour and jim yet said we have i dont have either mush. Home and i am now a miniature he and i have been going to ship and fish down the walk i dont know and you have thought about what the number one issue any of us saying and yet as to how the he fell. In 1915 the british high commissioner in cairo so Henry Mcmahon began negotiating an alliance with a sane benali the shouty of mecca and exchange of letters took place between mcmahon and hussein about the possibility of joining some sort of revolt against the ottomans the result of that was that the british promised should be for saying and his sons gold and guns and an arab state or states to be founded after the war was over and in return for that they would declare war on the ottomans. The same was also the choice of our of the secret resistance groups. That i threw in the water and that is that we have a polyp on all of our face and as i behave there what did you have here and. While we were living here way what he for life well i had to have them all the walk around and you have to deal with our one your own but theyll be out there on a bit. But it was far from simple. All of this maneuvering was going on at the same time as the british and french representatives mark sykes. Were carving up the middle east between the. Sorry for st dreamt of a great arab state to include the levant from the egyptian border up to the Taurus Mountains in turkey. Plus all of mesopotamia to the border in the north and the whole of the Arabian Peninsula except for the british colony of aden. Kind of leader how do you. Know how can i say leap years youve been out of. Your door the. Iraqis in one cocoon are much learned. Now i can beat up on you know i did it and now so fucked up for him he made much i did ok for that would i have had the advantage of any i could go to any kind of could my body i know who last about how to do another record or not muscle how to do a minute about. Britain weighed up the benefits and agreed to sorry for seems to minds. For his part hussein and called for an arab uprising against the ultimate on the 5th of june 916. 00. The hashemite forces under the command of hussein son feisal mobilized. From their bases they attacked the ottoman supply line to his us railway. They found the arab tribesmen of transjordan a tough nut to crack. The 4th. The line here today at alcatraz is near the jordanian town of mon a tribal stronghold that the hashemites were never able to capture. Before the war the his on israel way had been a way for arabs here to travel from alcatraz to new destinations 100 years on the trains dont stop here anymore. Were. Going feisal as hashemites moved north in 1918 and formed a Pincer Movement with general allen based british divisions in palestine they were able to take damascus on the 2nd of october. The big battles were occurring in europe this was the right flank of an army that was invading north from egypt up the coast of the mediterranean eventually to end up in aleppo. After taking great to see. Area faisal felt he did chief his objective and fully expected the british to deliver on their promises. Ottoman rule of the levant was at an end and in a month a war would be over. The armistice was signed on the 11th of november 1918. The arabs who fought for the victorious allies thought it was payback time they expected sovereignty and independence. That was how it was understood in the arab world the real problem for the region is that although the British Government unleashed this idea to the genie after the bottle of the idea of National Freedom the pritish understanding and certainly the french understanding of what National Freedom would mean for the region is very very different from how it was conceived across the region itself. First to react it was egypt. Its people had paid a high price for supporting the british. Of the 1200000 men deployed in different roles in world war one battle fields 500000 perished. A few months after the war ended the egyptian politician and statesman sods are google asked the british high commissioner if he could lead a delegation to the paris peace conference he wanted to negotiate the gyptian independence the rule and his supporters try to put pressure on the king to taint the relationship with the bridge the king has a respect within hours the ordinary egyptians but at that stage that respect has disappeared why because of the. Lost of egyptians in the war with the economy come if occasion on the people of the life all of this actually created a wider gap between. The king and the egyptian people which faceted the efforts of sides of the road to why do they got more and more with that with a king and with a bitch because they wanted to make sure that bitch has no place in egypt after what happened in the 1st world war. The british arrested some glue and his companions in march 1919 and exiled them to malta. Egypt exploded into revolution. Faced with my civil disobedience the british released sugru and allowed him to travel to paris. But when he arrived he was devastated to learn that the british protectorate over egypt had already been recognised. Because the allies sit down in paris afterwards and it should be pretty easy to hammer out some sort of peace on press for truly impossible theres just too many contradictory agreements which is why they had a stark again from scratch. And one of the agreements was with the hashemites prince faisal also travel to the site in the hope of achieving his familys goal of a greater arab state. But a united arabia was the last thing the allies wanted. And the arabs would now learn a new term mandate. As the effect that i have just an idea what i can tell you i mean did that either or and not do and im going to be a. One man at the end when im here and know who will be how do you show what that leave me. Enough to have been if you have. Got to be cut out of. That that you know well done why and im in a german. But they had to do it. At the into there had. It where youve been. Here how you and i had a little below there out of you what. Are you going to be. Up one more. Visors disappointment in a vast side didnt stop him from seizing his opportunity. In damascus in march 1920 he declared the syrian arab kingdom as an independent state with himself as king. And one of the many had to look like well not so long. There was a rally with. Herman and myself again with from anonymously me again. From. The head of the ask harry. English moloch a place where all. Vices declaration of an independent state was the deal he had with the british. But the french with sykes pekoe heavily in mind had very different ideas. On the 24th of july 920. 00 a small force of arab volunteers gathered at may saloon to try to stop the french army reaching damascus. But the french troops routed the arab nationalists and swept on to the syrian capital. Gang faisel fled to london the 1st independent arab state the kingdom of syria lasted less than 4 months. The French Occupation of syria turned into a mandate in 1922 and lasted until 1936 with all the problems it entailed and which i still felt today. Into double frenzy beijing this year in the way that if the reality we go in there is only a. Mess. Then what that. Sounds like a disk on that live from edina here my thing with. That message hey you know i dont. Know who by they did for insulin how to have an ultra. We know nothing as a 2nd that is rude and i could not miss the needle myself i leaned on taka. The french mandate also had a big impact on lebanon. That ceased an example if we did a. Bit i would get basically better ali is the one that responded to the 2nd shouldst i thought you meant into debbie france and with what the mother saw think it let myself think believe it again but the thought that as this woman who the less said the need for a system hominis before trial growth that as a woman to be semi well off and into. And i thought of myself i mean people that i was young with thought if you would mess happy. When then it was able to exit. The religious and ethnic divisions created by the french mandate in the 1920 s. And thirtys have had a lasting effect on both syria and lebanon. Leading to a string of internal and cross border conflicts in both countries. The problems experienced in the past 3 decades in iraq also date back to the british mandate. In march 917 British Forces captured baghdad ending ottoman rule in mesopotamia 3 years later in april 1920 the league of nations assigned iraq to britain as a formal mandate they had interest of iraq because they have also stood in the presence in the gulf as well and in south of iraq so basically they have a good knowledge about whats happening in iraq and they build a strong relations with the tribes in iraq in the light of whats happening basically and the failure of the liver to the arabs and stablish with socalled as they and the hashemite basically have good linkage with arab nationalism in iraq all of this together help to mobilize people and the have 1900 of aleutian. In maine 1920 the iraqis a mix of kurds sonny our robes and shia began peaceful protests in baghdad. The british arrested the leaders. And sponsored filings confrontation. They then crushed the iraqi oil pricing with overwhelming force. 2200. 00 british and indian soldiers were killed. But around 8 and a. Half 1000 iraqis were killed or wounded. By now many arabs were starting to look back on ultimate rule as preferable to being under the british and french mandates. That arab people believe that they could seek greater ties with the turkish people because most arab people saw the turks as fellow muslims who are fighting a similar issue european occupation. But the defeat it also means were also facing a changed world. 5 countries occupied parts of present day turkey. The treaty of 70 or paris in august 1920 laid out the allies harsh postwar terms. The turks turned to the hero of. The army officer who led the ultimate defeat of the allies in the dardanelles in 1915. The conditions of the year treaty of servitor placed on the ultimate empire were extreme so it seemed to come out that the turks and the turks nation would refuse them and any plan 5 invading the european armies. Most of a come all managed to command the turks to victory. In what became the turkish war of independence. And now their yard i must overcome marjah a moment after the op but he opposed the work around the stop bar and you are the one here now when i went there. If you want to do when youre going to be on it at that im happy just declare it to. Which she is here. And for so i mean with an eye out for sherry. And the assault on a number. Of which i mean a lot of our story. Then but they had a sly yeah and i read the clearest. And then the happy about that one which may be a p. J. Media and i have. With the bonds between arab and turks now broken most of a commom and the independent turkey state turned their backs not only on their own past but on the arab peoples as a whole. The arabs were now on their own. When it becomes clear that the occupation of these regions is going to take place at the british and french armies are not going to leave that the british and french empires states are going to impose a colonial regime armed Opposition Armed revolt becomes an obvious and almost foregone conclusion. Follows and also what she was one of the arab generation that lived through the horrors of world war one. He started as an officer in the autumn an army but after the war he joined king faisel when he ruled syria and fozzy also fought at my saloon in 1920. When the Syrian Revolution against the french erupted 5 years later he didnt hesitate to join the nationalist side. Malik told to also watch these Close Friends yaki al hakim in this house in beirut where he and fuzzy used to meet. Something comes off mean alice a lot of us a lot of us persuade the solid fathers forward on allen and the mom all right i love. The mom. Telling him no were not in the middle of the prince and more absent thing and its not a thought actually in the national do enough that no one can finance a bubble out of the little not only does it and finances will it and homework and the fortunate thing to know is that. The headset duma all over the globe would have said i would receive a limb today the net net show. Of these a bad listing them must leave the room when the own be. Happy at them be met. With a message of the love in the home i mean the polls opened up. After 2 years of heavy fighting 6000 rebels were killed and 800000 syrians displaced. The route was ultimately put down by french forces. But found he also wanted to continue his struggle. In 1948 he led the Arab Liberation army of volunteers in the neck meaning the catastrophe the arabic term referring to the founding of israel. Came back didnt sell to sort of the bucket in the long can in the more luck of the swap. And name that at the start of the money in the suburb and its only in the midst of a can since the same saucily house and the supposedly team own something when a lot of aim in europe is left home. And they could well have i would have been looking at that all. Those russia and things and solomon the things i will not have the love a lot of them the elements those in shalamar and behold the love of the animal with those of the live faith and the alanine adding to throw have. I been passionate. Ellie and about to move them about unsolved. And from little what the name that hold alive the be there with. Us hold them a concept of the world when you live no month unless our fandom has an issue in the mess that. A lot of. The arab world could not unite to prevent the state of israel becoming a reality in the heart of the arab world. Of the 3 british wartime promises this was the only one that was realized and the aftermath has been felt throughout the middle east ever since. In terms of the harvest of misery that the suffering the injustices the difficulties the trauma that has resulted from this period from 1900 and the postwar settlement i think that the 1st world war is the greatest calamity to befall the middle east since the mongols and 1250 and the robotic play of the 14th century and i dont think that this actually an overstatement the whole debate about sectarianism the whole debate about arab nationalism the whole debate about the role of the state the whole debate about corruption about the elite all of those elements now out of and others are engaged on in 2014 when it suited their and i think they know this into all of that the finger out of playing off the outsiders in that time british friends in 201415 americans its the same with different to play in some stages of the same scenario is the same ideas the same slogan the same debates sometimes different that. The new middle east was formed by the 1st world war. Many hopes the end of the war would herald a new age of independence and peace. But the region has proved to be one of the most tragic and troubled of modern times. And a 100 years old is still striving to find lasting peace. Halla that on talk to the last aquino way out from the to go here is this is the end of it now its the cold front going up the coast of brazil temperatures are rising slightly behind it now with the strength of even the winter sun is still rain to come in salvador otherwise the things going offshore in the next storm developing western side of santiago the chilean coast obese no way down this part of the andean chain santiago itself looks quite cold probably briefly windy but the shower going to be of rain is temps of 10 degrees f. The seventys as a culture tuesday at least. News around the caribbean and particularly now the gulf of mexico youve got 2 storms in action averse tropical storms at the moment but lower is strengthening whilst marco weakens knockers going to be a threat to the coast of probably louisiana and texas and this is what laura has done to doing to the public that both cases flooding will be a significant effect and of course its a day lower going west is going to be affecting cuba in much the same way it is when the admittedly but rain is the main risk of course with landslides thats key was raised today tomorrow thats open ocean but marcos over land in louisiana for the rest of the u. S. Is fairly far apart from the southeast corner but the more thunderstorms likely in the west. September on aljazeera the trial of those accused of helping in the 2015 Charlie Hebdo these paper attacks thank you jim. As the world plans to move to was a green energy a new documentary examines the fresh environmental challenges this will pose following the postponement of parliamentary elections due to coronavirus iranians return to the voting blooms one o one east investigates indepth stories from across asia and the pacific as u. S. President Donald Trumps executive order banning we check chinas most popular app comes into effect across america will this put fragile strain on the u. S. China relations september on aljazeera. And this edition of time to aljazeera will take you on a journey with us to qatar as diverse wildlife will be joined by in the region by mentioning that and also 800 patients will be discussing the impact the potential Uncontrolled Development could have on these diverse wildlife species living here if im protective. Services has been in turmoil if you feel Like Police Officers are taught that when youre on our black time youre. About to make a political will in my city you know you promised a representative back in 9091 to me i was out how are you and one of the guys without a gun my brother was killed my hood dont look no dear friend any other good out here and Michael Brown was killed me i saw my son in 15 years and i felt like you know at this my time to stand up. This is the muslim bill for us im just not willing to accept what substantial legislation can i get through thats going to speak to a major need for my community that this bill identifies used violence as a Public Health epidemic last year we had 200. 00 murders the report of violence when it comes to the youth it stretches far why. Are you aware. This is al jazeera. And im not matheson and this is the news hour live from doha coming up in the next 60 minutes i cant for. You get yourself ready to take the souls of 51 and some people can only cry your eyes off the relatives and survivors recount the heart of lawsuits massacre a 2 mosques in new zealand prosecutors say the white supremacist gunman planned to cause maximum carnage