Transcripts For ALJAZ The New Middle East 20240712

Cause they gathered in the streets and in the squares of the belo recent capital minsk since the disputed president ial vote on august 9th protesters have defied the authorities and have been gathering every day calling for an end to president look ashamed because 26 year old despite the continued threats of a violent crackdown opposition supporters say they wont give up ahead of sundays rally the bellary saw me rolled into the central city streets a warning to those marching any unrest and statues would not be tolerated and they not the police would see to that. Arriving back at the president ial palace in minsk the man at the center of this wave of discontent alex on the look. He has the backing of russia whos the moment has condemned the protest movement on saturday railed against the opposition supporters and accused nato of deliberately positioning its bosses by the countrys western border and ordered the army to defend its territory. Nato forces are approaching we understood this last year when they announced drills but coronaviruses slowed them down a bit now the situation from their point of view has become unstable internally they have switched back to operations theyve deployed all their troops we can see this. Nato has dismissed the question because i qs ations as baseless. It may bring you to ania thousands joined a human chain spotting 30 kilometers from the Capitol Building to the belarus border a show of solidarity not least because it is where opposition beat us diplomacy kind of scalia fled to and remains for now shes urged her supporters to keep up the momentum want to know the russian people dont want this president the president anymore and its our people and authorities has to this year has to all this in and listen and has to hear what the russian people warms this is a protest that has taken root across the country maybe clinging on to power by any means rejecting any talk of voter fraud in his electoral win but it is unlikely that he will be able to cultivate support for his leadership in a country where many say they have had enough of his leadership. Aljazeera now irans Atomic Energy agency is saying last months fire than a tense Nuclear Facility was an act of sabotage in the cause of the blast will be revealed in jew time much of the in the intense uranium enrichment site lies underground fire officials said the damage was significant enough to slow the countrys Nuclear Development in as mccombs a day before the head of the uns atomic watchdog arrives in tehran in an attempt to get access to sites believed to be storing undeclared Nuclear Material a spokesman for libyan warlord Khalifa Haftar has dismissed a cease fire announcement by the un recognized government as a marketing stunt miss mari says the truce is actually part of a ploy to attack those fighters in certain algebra he made no mention of a parallel ceasefire announced by the eastern based parliament which is allied to half the surtees the gateway to libyas prized oil fields. And talks have resumed in mali between coup leaders and west african mediators a delegation from the Economic Community of West African States led by nigerias former president Goodluck Jonathan is pushing for a return to civilian rule soldiers seize power on tuesday and say that a transition will eventually happen though they havent specified a time frame ousted president abraham because kater is being detained at a military camp outside the capital bamako those are the headlines at world war one through our eyes is the program that starts now. Past. World war one. The body 4 years of bitter conflict. Known as the great war. All the war to end all wars muppets grim new trains war for. Good luck with europe the main feature of all. But this was a war fault on many fronts. So theres another story rarely told. Of huge importance during the war. Kind of lost in the significance of. The story of troops to fault and died but who are often forgotten. What. Im driven outcome that shaped the middle east of today. This is the long one through our local high. Money to reeky its an izzy and writer and broadcaster is taking us on a personal journey across a dozen countries. His grandfathers generation fault in the war. So far hes looked at the contributions made by arab north african troops conscripted by the british and French Colonial powers in north africa. And how and why the Ottoman Empire joins germany in the war. Pitting its our troops against their muslim brothers fighting for the allies. And as autumn and fortunes declined how the europeans russians and our roads look to fill the power vacuum. Is from Michael Jordan mary about a donor with money out of a good many of her living at the lot of her talk at this hour my daughter was. In this episode he sees how the shape of a new middle east was decided in secret by british and french diplomats if you look at a map at the beginning of the war you have an Ottoman Empire that ruled over its tiny sliver of europe whole of the anatolian peninsula southwestern asia parts of north africa parts of the Arabian Peninsula at the end of the war thats got. How britain made separate promises to 3 different Interest Groups that were all incompatible with each other according to the Hussein Macmahon correspondence palestine belong to an arab state according to sex because. He meant palestine was going to be internationalized according to the Balfour Declaration it was going to go to the jews so how do you square that circle. And how this colonial selfinterest blew away the nationalist hopes of millions of arabs for postwar independence. This is why toll the center of power from way out of the British Imperial establishment decided to destroy their own of the allies the other men and fire and create a new order in the end of easts. The arabs are still living with the consequences to this very day. Almost as soon as the ultimate empire joined the war in november 1914 the european allies began staking their claims. In march 915. 00 russia announced it wanted istanbul and the straits linking the black sea to the mediterranean. France accepted russias claim and set out its own plans. They wanted the southeast Turkish Coast and greater syria. Then in june 1915 britain announced it wanted the whole western coast of the arabian gulf plus all of mesopotamia. Britain also wanted to control a strip of land from there to haifa in which to build a railway it would give them an alternative route to india and one day might carry gulf oil. The british already had serious interest the Ottoman Empire that already occupied egypt they had already moved the gulf states they already had interests in southern mesopotamia they already had. Oil interests in the gulf so the war suddenly brought all of this then right to the forefront. So in order to achieve this between 1151917 britain entered into 3 separate agreements which all conflicted with one another. One with the same bin ali the sheriff of mecca to give him an arab state in return for leading a revolt against the ultimate. Another with the Zionist Movement to create a Jewish National home in palestine. And a secret pact with its own told ally france to divide the levant and mesopotamia between them dont sissel should say shell say but. They dont want to follow this issue they said. Well as on. The people dont imply one would die notice of the anti of security by any sponsor a security level does that. Give him preach that. While the british were still negotiating with sorry for cenovus potential revolt in 1915 they and france appointed delegates to draw up this secret deal for dividing up ottoman territory. The french were represented by shelf pekoe the former consul general in beirut. And the british by the governments middle east advisor so mark sykes. Sykes was from a wealthy english family whose country home was here thats led me a house in yorkshire he had a privileged upbringing and was taken on a trip to egypt when he was 11. His knowledge of the middle east had been picked up by writing religion and travel books. Those sites like the Prime Minister to think he was an expert in fact he spoke neither turkish nor arabic. Speaker was a french lawyer turned diplomat whod spent several years in beirut and was a staunch supporter of french interests abroad. Though they paid lip service to independence for the arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire the ambitions of their respective countries where their real priorities is never the case the people assume the people i see mark sykes and other british and french policymakers being disingenuous in their support for the idea of National Freedom in the middle east that at base it was just frankly a lie that they were sincere in their support for this idea of a new era of National Freight and because how could they be when they had their own very clear british french imperial objectives in the middle east. At this stage this was a paper exercise dependent on the course of the war. During the tennis moon of the century doubly mons. And also to the treasury the monkey that when it was him a kid about. The repeal of the opened it was hardly dont call could be lives are made dont go on leisure so dont go to look at and the suez and joyce a year the montane expedition point. Is 8 and they should. Be truly. Liza to me it is a 1000000. Dollar dollar. Listen shows youll get it on tape but i sit on the mantel. See this one is a core this is the i mean the song cans on her the sheriff will say they dont make any little present. On the. Hunt. Just to the. Day when they want to harm. Her mad and always. A world away from the arab provinces of the heart. British government in london so mark sykes prepared for his negotiations with george pico he told british Prime Minister howard asked with i should like to draw a line from the easy in exile to the last k. Into coke. And face to face with source pico thats precisely what he did. He called it practical politics. The sykes pekoe agreement was concluded in a tobar 916 russia supported it on condition that its own claims to autumn and territory were accepted by britain and france. Sikes pico drew the map of the middle east in red and blue. The red zone mt the province of baghdad in which the british would have the right to establish such direct or in directed ministration or controlled as they desire. The blue zone covered and the syrian coast where france would have the same rights britain also claimed informal control over an area of northern a rabia from kirkuk to gaza. The french claimed the same informal control over a triangle from mosul to aleppo and damascus. This deal was what the palestinian writer George Antonius later called a startling piece of double dealing. In june 1960 shareef was saying started the arab revolt against the ottomans fulfilling his part of his deal with the british. Only 4 months later 6 people was signed contradicting the british pledge to the arab people. What we have to realize though is that what we see is jew play city was actually explained by their ideas of the people of the region the time and it roots of this was their racial outlook of the british policy making the elite at the time of the 1st while they assumed that these people couldnt possibly believe for a moment that when the british and french talked to National Freedom that it actually meant political independence that would have been a completely crazy idea to their minds because of their racial conviction. That the arab world was backward and to a lesser degree the jewish world to. The psychs pekoe deal remained of british french and russian secret for a year. But after the Russian Revolution in november 1917 the bolsheviks took russia out of the war the new leaders lenin and trotsky soon discovered that the saddest government had supported the psychs people agreement. The communist daily newspaper prophet or broke the story of the 3 european allies deception to the world. Following the view revolutionary governments decision to extract russia from the war but of the published what might be its only a great explosive in over 917 and other directions of both lenin and trotsky it prevented the details of the secret psychs because the green and thus the soviets uncovered europes imperial plans to divide the middle east between britain and france. The cats was out of the bag but difficult to believe it had little Immediate Impact on the course of the war or on the arab world. All that really mattered now was military conquest boots on the ground politicians could make whatever deals they liked but occupation was 9 tenths of the law from the red sea to turkey. The entire region from. 2 to the chorus of mountains was occupied they were occupied because they were crucially important to british were. More amps because of suez because of egypt because of iraq to india because of the oil fields and and that iran and mesopotamia because of the attritional states around the gulf all these were crucial british or aims from the very beginning. But now what to do with all this occupied land the answer new states whether or not they respected ethnic religious or tribal borders. Not only did so mark sykes draw lines on the maps his artistic skills were put to further use. It is the ultimate. Mark cites a man so diverse and he detested in the east should be responsible for the design of the flags the symbols of the National Sovereignty of so many other countries jordan iraq syria sudan kuwait yemen the emirates even the p. L. O. The palestine liberation organization. Sykes deal with pico was never formally enacted on the ground but it did bear a close resemblance to the way the british Prime Minister and french president carved things up at the end of the war. The partition was a fact of occupation and then the british and the french negotiated and clemenceau and lloyd george themselves negotiated probably in a taxi between Victoria Station and 10 downing street when clemenceau arrived in in london and in december of 1918 so it was completely casual and resisted and opposed by virtually everyone in the region. So mark sykes died soon after the war aged 13. 9 he cast a long shadow across the arab world especially palestine. On the sites because now it was colored brown an area under International Administration yet to be decided. Of britains 3 wartime promises the one made by foreign minister author balfour proved the most enduring and controversial. Kind of moderate cycle a one why amara. Said re are. Going to be a lot of land without power for one as she has you want to show any of her side by telling her mom or her while its allure. About the ballot for. There were many reasons for baal for his promise after centuries of and he semitism in russia and europe jews had started to settle in palestine. The Jewish Nationalist movement zionism was gaining momentum its leader was a russian born chemistry professor in manchester called shyam vitamin. A vitamin process for producing acetone fed britains wartime munitions production and his notoriety enabled him to lobby the British Government to support a Jewish National home in palestine. In june 1917 vitamin and the jewish banker and politician Walter Rothschild met Arthur Balfour in london to request a formal declaration of support for zionism 5 months later came his reply. On the 2nd of November Balfour vote to rothschild to say that the government viewed with favor the establishment in palestine of a National Home for the jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this project. This is the famous Balfour Declaration the letter of the foreign secretary up of bad percent in november night is 17 to laud the rothschilds as at the 1st of what is the bad for the duration meant that one nation promised to the 2nd nation the country of a 3rd. What is extraordinary is that this letter was not that it bible for all his stuff instead it was drafted for him by high in vitamin the future president of israel. I think if were trying to understand the British Imperial establishment relationship its on its in from the time of the 1st of all that its actually a key that we recognize the significance of the bible and British Culture so that they narratives of zionism is the ancient jewish nation and the landscape with the by returning to its former glory days was an idea that was not overly familiar to many people in britain by the time of the 1st well or but remained tickers well. There were also wider strategic reasons for supporting zionism. Jewish influence was strong in the government to britains new war ally the United States under president Woodrow Wilson. 2 of Woodrow Wilsons top advisors Felix Frankfurter on the one hand and Louis Brandeis on the other hand were ardent zionists now the british were very suspicious of Woodrow Wilson although the United States had already entered the war and the british were also very suspicious of the huge amount of german and german immigrants in the end states and irish immigrants in the United States that were opposed to britain and the British Empire so what they wanted to do was somehow get the United States to make sure the United States stayed on board in the 1st world world war and what that of course entailed was making sure that Woodrow Wilsons top advisers kept on pushing him giving him a goal or giving them a goal to fight for to the bitter end. And the other power the british wanted to keep happy was russian. The idea that the british thought most that many of the bolsheviks had jewish backgrounds behind trustees real name was bronstein after all and with the british thought once you scratch these people underneath the really jewish so therefore what weve got to do. Weve got to give them something that will a piece of them to make sure that they would stay in the war and fight to the bitter end as well didnt quite work out that way. And just as mark sykes had called his approach to negotiating with the french as practical politics there was good old british pragmatism. The idea of having a jewish colony somewhere to the north of the suez canal the british were in egypt at the suez canal and in the north you would have a jewish colony that would be very dependent on the british and of course the main british strategic odd goal was to protect the route to can deal. More george and the people around him sat down and thought to themselves its a cost us if it doesnt cost us anything it might have some benefit why dont we just do it little did they know how much it was going to end up cost. And still to come the arab aid for independence from ultimate rule shareef husseins revolt general but often. What i want to show you firsthand fuck up and yet as i hear it come. The idea of the mandate the league of nations time for continued foreign rule. The then in. The long haul uncle took that said luna will go with him. We see a little dead but something that these are the lovable i mean the most open. And the long time impact on the arab world of british and french double dealing who can and will solve anything it does fit into a lot of my look at places. Alaskas phone north a Pristine Environments thats become a battleground with. The trumpet ministration keen to let Oil Companies start drilling some in its remote communities are tempted by the promised wealth we live here we may not there but others bitterly opposed we should not have to trade our culture for oil and gas crossing the high peaks of the Arctic Circle to investigate the people in power at the edge of the earth on al jazeera i care about how the u. S. Engages with the rest of the world i cover Foreign Policy National Security this is very much a political impasse heres the pomp like how do we illustrate it are we telling a good story will people get what were trying to clean here in their living outside and make the town this is not the way any family wants to raise their children were willing to get in take new into a place that you might not visit otherwise its absolutely feel as if you were there more than 7 decades ago a country was split into a bit but didnt do anything and now the time comes to d. Ma page only took was a pan a map and a collapsing empire when the british had to draw a line they pulled it its 7200 have been to india before aljazeera examines the violence of india and pakistan and docks what the future holds for these Nuclear Neighbors politicians borders of blood. I Maryam Namazie a main story today more than 100000 protesters of march through the capital of bella reuss demanding again that president Alexander Lukashenko step down its the largest gathering the countrys seen in recent days despite threats of a government crackdown demonstrators say look because electoral victory earlier this month was forged and and of protested for 15 Straight Days the president himself was seen carrying a rifle and wearing a bulletproof vest after his helicopter landed at the president ial palace while protest as well outside the shanker is rule better off for more than 26 years step boston is in minsk it was quite some concern that the protest movement could not survive under this pressure but today the opposite appear and the proven that the threat. Has been in the making and also this scare tactics that he has been using for for over 2 decades that they simply dont work anymore people are beyond this kind of fear and those sword so determined to get rid of him that they want to risk everything i was really surprised to be honest to see families with small children showing up at the Independence Square while military trucks with soldiers armed soldiers so were standing by but that sort of pro summed up the mood today. Are the headlines irans Atomic Energy agency is saying last months fire in a tense Nuclear Facility was an act of sabotage and that the cause of the blast will be revealed in jus time much of the much of the natanz uranium enrichment site is underground fire officials said the damage was significant enough to slow Nuclear Development in ousmane also comes a day before the head of the uns atomic watchdog arrives in tehran in an attempt to get access to sites believed to be storing undeclared new can materialize. A spokesman for libyan warlord holly faffed as dismissed a cease fire announcement by the un recognized government as a marketing stunt ahmed al miss mari says the truce is actually part of a ploy to attack us just fighters in sirte and ill just from but he made no mention of a parallel cease fire announced by the eastern based parliament which is allied to hafta such as the gateway to libyas prized oil fields well one through our of eyes now continues but i will have the news out for you at 2100. 00 g. M. T. And just less than 30 minutes from now. The health of humanity is at stake a Global Pandemic requires a global response. W. H. O. Is the guardian of Global Health delivering lifesaving tunes supplies and training to help the worlds most found people uniting across borders to speed up the development of test treatments and of that. Working with scientists and Health Workers to learn all we can about the virus keeping you up to date with whats happening on the ground in the ward and in the land advocating for everyone to have access to essential Health Services now more than ever the world needs w. H. O. Making a healthier world. For you. For everyone. Money to rekey the 2 newseum writer and broadcaster is telling the story of the 1st world war from an arab perspective. In 191516 the war in europe was bloody mary silis and im going to lend to. The british and french were called down in the trenches against a stubborn gemini. But it was a different kind of war in the middle east. Britain strategy was to capitalize on growing out of nationalist feeling against for centuries of ultimate rule. Carolina and the hold up with that minute the. Became a at the age dumb hour and jim yet said we have i dont have either mush you home and i am no ministry and i mean going to ship at least on the walk i dont and you have thought about what the number one issue any of us a and and yet as to how the heat if that were. In 1915 the british high commissioner in cairo so Henry Mcmahon began negotiating an alliance with a sane benali the shouty of mecca and exchange of letters took place between mcmahon and hussein about the possibility of joining some sort of revolt against the ottomans the result of that was that the british promised should be for saying and his sons gold and guns and an arab state or states to be founded after the war was over and in return for that they would declare war on the ottomans. Was also the choice of our of the secret resistance groups. That i threw in the water and that is that we have a palate on all of our faces as i behave what they do have. And. Well to be well if he were what he for life while the had to have them all the walk around and you have that with our one year with or without their hobby. But it was far from simple. All of this maneuvering was going on at the same time as the british and french representatives mark sykes and pico were carving up the middle east between the. Cherry for saint dreamt of a great arab state to include the levant from the egyptian border up to the Taurus Mountains in turkey. Plus all of mesopotamia to the border in the north and the whole of the Arabian Peninsula except for the british colony of aden. Kind of. How do you. Know how can i say leap years youve been out of. Your door the. Iraqis in one cocoon or much more in a tux. Now i can beat up on you know i did that and so fucked up for him he made much i did ok for that would i have had the gravity i could go to any kind of a could but i know who laughs about how to do another record or not muscle how to do a minute about. Britain weighed up the benefits and agreed to sorry for seems to months. For his part hussein called for an arab uprising against the ultimate on the 5th of june 916. 00. The hashemite forces under the command of hussein son feisal mobilized. From their base it october they attacked the ottoman supply line to his us railway. They found the arab tribesmen of transjordan a tough nut to crack the 4th. The line here today at alcatraz is near the jordanian town of mon a tribal stronghold that the hashemites were never able to capture. Before the war the his honours railway had been a way for arabs here to travel from alcatraz to new destinations 100 years on the trains dont stop here anymore. Were. When feisal hashemites moved north in 1918 and formed a Pincer Movement with general allen based british divisions in palestine they were able to take damascus on the 2nd of october. The big battles were occurring in europe this was the right flank of an army that was invading north from egypt up the coast of the mediterranean eventually to end up in aleppo. After taking greater sin. Area faisal felt he did chief his objective and fully expected the british to deliver on their promises. Ottoman rule of the levant was at an end and in a month a war would be over. The armistice was signed on the 11th of november 1980. The arabs who fought for the victorious allies thought it was payback time they expected sovereignty and independence. That was how it was understood in the arab world the real problem for the region is that although the British Government unleashed this idea to the genie after the bottle of the idea of National Freedom the pritish understanding and certainly the french understanding of what National Freedom would mean for the region is very very different from has conceived across the region itself. First to react because egypt. Its people had paid a high price for supporting the british. Of the 1200000 men deployed in different roles in world war one battle fields 500000 perished. A few months after the war ended the egyptian politician and statesman sods are google asked the british high commissioner if he could lead a delegation to the paris peace conference he wanted to negotiate the gyptian independence the rule and his supporters try to put pressure on the king to taint their relationship with the bridge the king has respect within hours the ordinary egyptians but at that stage that respect has disappeared why because of the. Lost of egyptians in the war with the economy come if occasion on the people of the life all of this actually created a wider gap between. The king and the egyptian people which faceted the efforts of sides of the road to why do they got more and more with that with a king and with a bitch because they wanted to make sure that bitch has no place in egypt after what happened in the 1st world war. The british arrested some glue and his companions in march 1919 and exiled them to malta. Egypt exploded into revolution. Faced with my civil disobedience the british released and allowed him to travel to paris. But when he arrived he was devastated to learn that the british protectorate over egypt had already been recognised. Because the allies sit down in paris afterwards and it should be pretty easy to hammer out some sort of peace on press for truly impossible theres just too many contradictory agreements which is why they had to start again from scratch. And one of the agreements was with the hashemites prince faisal also travel to the site in the hope of achieving his familys goal of a greater arab state. But a united arabia was the last thing the allies wanted. And the arabs would now learn a new term mandate. As the effect that i have just an idea what i can tell you i mean did that either or and not do and im going to be a. One man body at the end when im here and know who will be how do you show what that leave me. Enough to have been if you have. Got to be cut out of. That that you know well done why and im going to german. But they had to do it. Into their head. And where youve been. Here how you and i had a little below that out of what will. Are you going to be. A one what. Vices disappointment invest side didnt stop him from seizing his opportunity. In damascus in march 1920 he declared the syrian arab kingdom as an independent state with himself as king. And while far too many had to look like well not so long and slowly i was there when i was riding with. Herman and myself from anonymous for me i think an hour from 3. 100 ask every. English when i look at them i said all. Vices declaration of an independent state was the deal he had with the british. But the french with sykes pekoe heavily in mind had very different ideas. On the 24th of july 1920 a small force of arab volunteers gathered at may saloon to try to stop the french army reaching damascus. But the french troops routed the arab nationalists and swept on to the syrian capital. Gang faisel fled to london the 1st independent arab state the kingdom of syria lasted less than 4 months. The French Occupation of syria turned into a mandate in 1922 and lasted until 1936 with all the problems it entailed and which are still felt today. Into double frenzy this year you know the way that if the reality we go in there is a year. And a year. Well by then what that. Sounds like a disk on that luna and listen medina you might seen it on. That message hey you know i dont. Know who by they did finance and how to have an ultra. We know nothing as a 2nd that you ruined i could not miss the needle myself i mean im talkin. The french mandate also had a big impact on lebanon. That ceased an example if im going to. Build a wall and get basically bare ali is the one that responded the 2nd shouldst i thought you meant into debbi finance it with what sort of think it limits the thinking be it again with the thought that as this woman who the less said the need for a system home a business a roof the troubles that as a woman do beset me well off and into. And i dont know myself saying that there will but i was young with if you will in less happy. One then it has able to as. The religious and ethnic divisions created by the french mandate in the 1920 s. And thirtys have had a lasting effect on both syria and lebanon. Leading to a string of internal and cross border conflicts in both countries. The problems experienced in the past 3 decades in iraq also date back to the british mandate. In march 1917 British Forces captured baghdad ending ottoman rule in mesopotamia 3 years later in april 1920 the league of nations assigned iraq to britain as a formal mandate they had interest of iraq because they have also stood in the presence in the gulf as well and in south of iraq so basically they have a good knowledge about whats happening in iraq and they build a strong relations with the tribes in iraq in the light of whats happening basically and the failure of the liver to the arabs and stablish with socalled as they and the hashemite basically have good linkage with arab nationalism in iraq all of this together help to mobilize people and the have 1900 of illusion. In maine 1920 the iraqis a mix of kurds sonny our robes and shia began peaceful protests in baghdad. The british arrested the leaders. And spot file and confrontation. They then crushed the iraqi our pricing with overwhelming force. 2200. 00 british and indian soldiers were killed. But around 8 and a half 1000 iraqis were killed or wounded. By now many arabs were starting to look back on ultimate rule as preferable to being under the british and french mandates. That the arab people believe that they could seek greater ties with the turkish people because most arab people saw the turks as fellow muslims who are fighting a similar issue european occupation. But the defeated autumn ones were also facing a changed world. 5 countries occupied parts of present day turkey. The treaty of 7 near paris in august 1920 laid out the allies harsh postwar terms. The turks turn to the hero of. The army officer who led the ultimate defeat of the allies in the dardanelles in 1915. The conditions of the treaty of server placed on the ultimate empire were extreme so it seemed to come out that the turks and the turks nation would refuse them and 5 invading the european armies. Most of a come on managed to command the turks to victory. In what became the turkish war of independence. And now their yard i must overcome were jews or a moment after the op that he opposed the work around the stop are and you are the one here. Now we know well what you want to do when youre going to be on it at that im happy just declare it to. Which she is here. And for so i mean with an eye out for sherry. And the assault on a number. Of which i mean a lot of our story. Then but im left in a sly yeah and i get the clearest. And then the happy about the one which may be a mirror and i have. With the bonds between arab and turks now broken most of a commom and the independent turkey state turned their backs not only on their own past but on the arab peoples as a whole. The arabs who are now on their own. When it becomes clear that the occupation of these regions is going to take place that the british and french armies are not going to leave that the british and french empires states are going to impose a colonial regime armed Opposition Armed revolt becomes an obvious and almost foregone conclusion. Follows ilsa one was one of the arab generation that lived through the horrors of world war one. He started as an officer in the autumn an army but after the war he joined king faisel when he ruled syria and fozzy also fought at my saloon in 1920. When the Syrian Revolution against the french erupted 5 years later he didnt hesitate to join the nationalist side. Malik told to also watch these Close Friends yaki also keep in this house in beirut where he and fuzzy used to meet some of the comes on the scene of them a lot of us a lot of us persuaded the. Forward on allen. Muhammad. Ali cammo without the mullahs the prince and more absent thing and its not a thought actually in the national do enough that no one can manage a bubble out of the little government does it and finance it when i can home with. The fortunate than to know is that i. Had sat duma all over the globe with i said i want to see the length of the. Show. These are bad and it is still. In the to be. Happy at the been met. With a message of the love. After 2 years of heavy fighting 6000 rebels were killed and 800000 syrians displaced. The route was ultimately put down by french forces. But fonzie also wanted to continue his struggle. In 1948 he led the Arab Liberation army of volunteers in the neck meaning the catastrophe the arabic term referring to the founding of israel. Came back the spell. Of the bucket in the long. In the muck of the swap. And me. At the start of the money in the suburb and its really in the midst of a can some of the some sashimi out some to support a team oh something when a lot of aim in europe is left and they can well have havent been looking at the. Local russia. And solomon with them so will not have the luck of the elements those in shalamar before that that will love them dearly and then the but those are the live. Yeah i need to throw the album. Ellie and the bottom of the bottom so on and off for a little walk on the villa that hold a lot better be there with. Us hold on some of the old ones you leave no month unless our family has an issue in their minds that. A lot of. The arab world could not unite to prevent the state of israel becoming a reality in the heart of the arab world. Of the 3 british wartime promises this was the only one that was realized and the aftermath has been felt throughout the middle east ever since. In terms of the harvest of misery that the suffering the injustices the difficulties the trauma that has resulted from this period from 1900 and the postwar settlement i think that the 1st world war is the greatest calamity to befall the middle east since the mongols and 1250 and the robotic play of the 14th century and i dont think that this actually an overstatement the whole debate about sectarianism the whole debate about arab nationalism the whole debate about the role of the state the whole debate about corruption about the elite all of those elements now out of and others are engaged on in 2014 where it rooted there and i think they know this into all of that the finger at of playing off the outsiders in that time british friends in 201415 the americans its the same with different players in some stages of the same scenario is the same ideas the same slogan the same debates sometimes different. The new middle east was formed by the 1st world war. Many hopes the end of the war would herald a new age of independence and peace. But the region has proved to be one of the most tragic and troubled of modern times. And a 100 years old is still striving to find lasting peace. Hello the cold and all the wind she weather is still across the southeast of australia has some cold air coming in behind the system they can see where the most of the clouds with that rain is on its way towards the new zealand but just look at this because people have really been enjoying the snow not just people of course as well you can see it quite a light dusting in clowns in New South Wales that fairly unusual there for this time of year meanwhile as we go through monday more clouds around but it should be mostly dry touches a little bit low 12 in melbourne could you see want to scout a child out across the west which is all on the high side and its also mostly dry as well 21 degrees in perth on to say that should come with some nice sunshine how much is that fairing too badly across the southeast still feeling a little bit cool but the winds beginning to ease that youll see where that rain is its heading across both islands of new zealand that we had up towards asia now of course heavy rain across northern sections of china but were watching this in particular this is not a typhoon it is moving very slowly indeed so throughout monday it is going to barely move produce torrential amounts of rain across into the ricoh islands its on its way north woods as you can see pushing through the East China Sea eventually pushing into more Western Areas of japan thats where the rain will be meanwhile more rain and thunderstorms across much of the korean peninsula. A face can tell a story without uttering a single word. And knowing god can guide us through. A simple tough. Inform us. The unconventionality of life witnessed through the lens of the human eye. Is what inspires us. To witness documentaries on aljazeera. Another Early Morning another ceremony to bid Health Workers by well. 29000 cuban doctors and nurses working in 59 countries around the world as confirmed cases of coronavirus increase so does demand for cuban medics medical services at the islands main export while western commentators assume cuba sends doctors mainly to expand influence experts on the Others Health system draw a different conclusion youre making a big sacrifice why are you willing to go look it up because there are other people that need many people that are sick and dying and not isnt right people shouldnt be dying when there are people who can help them react. 0. Hello im watching the news hour live from london al top story. Tens of thousands defied threats of a crackdown a rally against the president in better loose Alexander Lukashenko has dismissed calls to stand down as hes pictured carrying a rifle who are in the bulletproof vest also coming up. After dismisses the cease fire announcement by