Transcripts For ALJAZ Mandela And De Klerk 20240712

The pandemic is actually speeding up the United States as top expert on Infectious Diseases says the recent surge uncovered 900 cases is largely because people are ignoring Health Guidelines to wear masks and keep away from each other many southern and western states which pushed to reopen their economies and now seen a spike in infections Christmas Ilam is in new york and she says those states are worried they may have to ration health care. Many local leaders governors mayors and so on are expressing concern about their Hospital Systems reaching capacity and the possibility of having to ration health care i talked about florida you talked about california and california the governor has ordered 8 counties to close their bars after allowing bars to reopen after they did that in the next weekend they saw a 40 percent increase in infections among young people between 18 and 40 years old the governor said many places were not at the hearing to the requirements to wear masks and social distance and so he took the step of closing down these bars and hes threatening to do so in other counties as well that are on the borderline of seeing a lot of these infections in their hospitals become also close to capacity in florida not only did the city where the Republican Convention is going to be held announce a requirement for mass in places where you cant social distance weve heard that in Broward County which is home to the famous Fort Lauderdale beach theyre going to close the beach for the independent stage a live 4th holiday that was not something i can assure you that the leaders there did lightly thats a major source of revenue a major source of in the detainment for people but again the mayor of the town said that. The infection rate was just getting too dangerously high and they were really worried about the hospitals being overwhelmed and then you have texas another state where youve seen resistance to mandatory mass where there was a full speed ahead to reopen and the governor there also dialing back closing some bars and some bar owners threatening to sue him for shutting them down but again this worry about these rising numbers. The pandemic has pushed brazil into recession the economy shrank by one and a half percent during the 1st 3 months of the year economists predict a slump of up to 10 percent over the next 3 months as the country reels from the Coronavirus Crisis brazil has the 2nd highest number of infections in the world president sonando has strongly rejected in forcing a nationwide lock down saying it would do too much damage to the economy the white house says it will brief democrat politicians on reports that russia paid taliban fighters to target american troops in afghanistan democrats were left out of an intelligence briefing on monday in egypt has told the United Nations it faces an existential threat from the hydrologic down being built by Ethiopia Construction of the dam started 9 years ago if the o. P. s expected to start filling the area behind it next month but at a Virtual Meeting of the Security Council convened by the United States egypts Foreign Affairs minister warned of conflict if the un doesnt intervene at least 23 people including children have been killed in an attack on a crowded market in southern afghanistan hundreds of people were at the Cattle Market in Helmand Province when multiple explosions tore through the site. And those are the headlines the news continues here on aljazeera after face to face mandela did good by. All right at my heart for parents there know where john not about on the. Forehead are pregnant but their status often know about this when. I would also like to take this up but for that. The right donate my comp or a 3rd or lot of. Paper than ever covered the book here had the car to. Go and make. That terrible wrong at the current to our country and. Throw the imposition of the system up on. December 1993 the packed house and also city home owners Nelson Mandela the hero of the antiapartheid struggle and frederick the clown the last white president of south africa ive years ago. People would have seriously question the sanity of anyone who would have predicted that miss the mondello and i would be joining the disappearance of the 99 bill. Yet both of us. Are here before you today behind the coty askew choose the 2 leaders i would olds and the tension of the country is at its height in the us. Will more than a little bowdens. We disagree strongly on issues and we will soon fight the strenuous election plain against one of them. And in my own country with standing in the cement the spro get us which will make. All the 30000 people have died with a tickle my limbs. Some stupid getting of this year mandela and dick. Pluck partners as much as rivals 2 characters representing opposing camps in gazed in unrelenting negotiations a political and personal june that was poised to put an end to one of the most racist wheezy in the products. 7 kilometers west of cape town Nelson Mandela was a prisoner for 18 years raised in a village in eastern south africa he founded the 1st black law from in the country appalled by the treatment of blacks and people of color he created the armed wing of the African National congress to fight against the Apartheid Regime that i many people feel that it is useless and free theater for us to continue talking peace and nonviolence against the government was a blood is on its savage attacks. Under defenseless people. In 1962 mandela was arrested 2 years later he and his fellow accused were sentenced to life imprisonment for sabotage and conspiracy he was 46 years old. During his incarceration and social unrest spread and intensified among the black people who represented almost 3 quarters of the population in the state who responded with increasingly savage repression. In the 1980 s. The country was subjected to the iron fist leadership of peter both or head of the National Party regarded as a hard liner he was nonetheless aware that profound change was inevitable among his most influential ministers was frederick vellum declare an ambitious afrikaner who entered politics in 1971 f. W. As everyone called him came from an influential conservative family. One must remember that his father had been a very senior National Party politician it being president of the senate his uncle had been Prime Minister so he was deeply. Involved in the whole growth and development of the National Party mr declared it was perceived to be on the conservative side that he was predicting what group rights as it was called but i think to his credit one was always that he was never in favor of a Security Solution for the country never. In 71 i still embraced the concept of separateness which i believed idealistic could bring justice in the early eightys. I came to the conclusion and not only me many of my colleagues around me that the concept of separateness is just institutionalizing in justice that it was our own and that we had to abandon the concept of a part they separate us. In the early eightys Nelson Mandela returned to the mainland after 2 decades of brutal detention he was transferred to post more prison then in 1988 to more comfortable housing within the victim 1st the prison about 100 kilometers from cape town. For mandela was no ordinary prisoner convinced that negotiation could bring an end to apartheid he had begun secret meetings with government representatives notably we could see how the Justice Minister and neal barnard the head of the secret services. And so p. W. Identified a team of which i was the head at the time they start in total secrecy negotiations with one below which in fact started in my 988. 00 until usually they met some got 50 times or 48. 00 times every week for hours on end and nobody not is almost the archetype of an african a nationalist mandela use that to get to know the minds of the africans the minds of the National Party and by the time he came out he knew more or less what they were what they were thinking what was possible what wasnt possible he knew more or less how to treat them. Both at home and abroad calls for mandelas release grew louder and gained more support for his party the a. N. C. Represented him as the symbol of the antiapartheid struggle. In early 1989 bhutto was weakened by a stroke shortly after a secret meeting with mandela he was forced to resign as party leader and later as president. I relented in august his former minister frederick de klerk age 53 took over as president of the country his priority to end the deadlock crippling south africa. On december 13th 1989 mandela left the victor vast the prison for a few hours he was secretly taken to the center of cape town to detain heis the president s office for the 1st time the black leader and white president found themselves face to face. I did not have. High expectations of a 1st meeting with mr mandela and when i did have my 1st meeting i did not try to achieve much for both the him and me that 1st meeting was to get an understanding of each other to get a feel for the person sitting across the table to start with mandela was much taller than he expected. And he was also very impressed by president of mr mandelas aristocratic bearing because we must remember that the mandela was actually raised to be the Prime Minister of the paramount chief of the 10 booze so he had natural and natural sense of authority very dignified a very charming after that 1st meeting there was the feeling that yes we can do business with each other so i did expect that he would be positive about the concept of negotiation but we both of voided talking about the real challenges and the real issues at that time it was a sizing up process and so that was the beginning of of a long and sometimes very very rocky relationship. On february the 2nd 1990 the eyes of 37000000. 00 South Africans were turned towards cape town for the opening of parliament didnt declare was about to pronounce his 1st general policy speech many were hoping he would commit the country to a new direction. It is time for us to break out of the cycle of violence and to break through to peace and reconciliation the steps that have been decided on the following the prohibition of the African National congress the pan african as congress the south African Communist Party in a number of subsidiary organizations is being nice and people serving prison sentences merely because they were members of one of these organizations will be identified and released i think the clark when he took over as president in 1009. I was faced with a choice he knew that the countrys economy was in really deep trouble he knew we were almost facing a civil war inside the country and here suddenly the thing landed on his lap was he going to do more about it more oppression more police more military and destroy the economy get into a civil war or was he going to be the sturrock a figure that ended it all and i think the berlin wall helped him a lot because it was a strong argument to use to say we had to fight against the a. N. C. Because they were communists but no communism is dead sanaa we can talk to them which made their message easier to accept by the white people however what is very crucial to make the point that this change. The clear speech was not simply the result of a free condom nationalism of his party and of de klerk suddenly becoming good guys and through the good heart deciding that must be a change it was the pressure from the struggle i wish to put it plainly that the government has taken a Firm Decision to release mr mandela unconditionally im serious im serious about being this matter to finality without dealing the speech i made on the 2nd of february 9090 contained a package of measures of which the release not only of Nelson Mandela but also of all Political Prisoners was just a part i listed the state of emergency. I tried in that speech to do it that is each and every excuse in the sea could offer not to come to the negotiation table and during that period we were the only communicators in town and they had all of the t. V. Cameras they needed to use. How and when to release the iconic mandela this was the subject of the 2nd confrontation between the 2 men one week later at the president s office. I announced to him that he would be released on the 11th of february. And the 1st reaction was its too soon and i said why is it too soon he said we need more time to prepare insisted that this process cannot work without me i am the key to this thing so when you want to release me you release me at a time that suits me and my family because i have to manage the a. N. C. And it was one of the things of you will you are my prisoner you will do as i say and i said to him mr mandela you and i will negotiate about many things but you been in jail long enough you will be released on the 11th of february let us discuss what time of the day and from where you will be in east. On february 11th 1990 at 5 oclock in the oftener there was great excitement at the victor fest a prison everyone had been waiting for several hours to see Nelson Mandela released arm in arm with his wife when. After 27 years in jail a free 71 year old man returned to his home in so wet a hole determined to win freedom for his people. After 4 decades of conflict the adversaries met over 3 days and put ischia an official building in cape time in may 990 the jailer and his former prisoner walked side by side presenting a court image there are bound to be difficulties but there is cautious optimism as well as faith and conviction that our problems will be solved by negotiation. And i trust that these discussions will be another milestone on the road to a new and you just saw that i think it was. Overwhelmingly framed. It was like people who came together for the 1st time we didnt know each other but who wanted to meet each other. That was a that was a wonderful experience and was about the fact that. We suddenly realized the both sides that we had to work out jointly and collectively. A way forward and that the to responsible of the rest of us nobody else could take that is false and you can imagine that. With the background of the participants. 2 sides that has been fighting each other. For the year were. Suddenly being. Of course theres a measure of mistrust. We do know al qaida still. We didnt know. But the point is we had to agree theres only one way to discover. That is to me. Striking feature. Of the discussions. Which we have head. During the last 3 days. Has been the act cordiality. We have had. Discussions are sensitive not. In a spirit of conciliation and understanding. Despite the signature of a Peace Agreement 4 months later the relationship between de klerk on monday ella was tainted by violence around the often lethal conflict had broken out in various regions of south africa particularly in causing confrontations erupted to between a. N. C. Supporters from the closer ethnic group and supporters of the i f p the in qatar Freedom Party made up of zulus and led by monks who to buthelezi. Not just say it is the voices there are people who can only lead us the people who cannot assure that the beginning of a real discount. More people got killed in south africa between 10091904 than were killed by a potted forces in the entire history of a party. There was a natural competition between the i of p n a n c u d f but it was aided and abetted by the former military and Police People called it the force. The 2 big black groupings fighting and a 3rd force egging them on and fomenting more violence leading police teats and intelligence chiefs including military intelligence were working with elements of the put to lazy party and the soft course was how mundane the came to use that label and to the end and to accuse the clerk of the statistics. Were told last i will. The National Party has got that dab agenda for the negotiations process on day one had a talk about reform and change. That they still dont want to hold on to your card on that ad but it got power he said you see you dont care about the life lives of blacks thats why you have you have allowed that situation to develop and this is why these things have happened even of that we have given you our commitment even when we have been doing that had to discipline the people you behaved in this way because you dont care about black life i think the accusation that i didnt do enough was unfair and that was not based in fact from the moment that i started to have a suspicion and also in conjunction with all the allegations they were making i appointed judit to judicial commissions of inquiry. The one commission of inquiry came up and opened up a can of worms to show that yes there were elements in the Security Forces against my orders against the policy ive laid down who continued with politically this have the underground activities that resulted in the dismissal or early retirement of a big number of very Senior Officers the credit card the difficulty he had to walk a tightrope he couldnt just walk into the military camp and say well go give up your arms the n. C. Is taking over he had to take yet to move very carefully with the police and with the military. And he did it slowly and and Nelson Mandela has indicated that he understood that so there was a game that mandela would put pressure on him. To disband and to end the violence and that that would defend. As the 2 leaders exchanged accusations about the causes of the violence talks continue and a conference was soon organized could desa the convention for a democratic south africa to discuss the countrys future institutions 300 delegates took part the a. N. C. And their allies demanded a majority electoral system where blacks would be dominant in the government declared his party wanted various measures to protect the white minority but on the very 1st day december 20th 1991 the talks almost collapsed when dick clark took the floor. With. All the other. Do not have a jewelers. Because one cannot be the one to lift or do nothing but. To be sure solutions if your leaders peters closely until. Proserpina films with on schedule make and the force not to go to new. Year to the concept of action. I spoke last and i made a strong attack on the see what went on means i sent a warning to president mandela that i would be making those statements the mission which i believe did not get to him so Nelson Mandela set there and watched the kruk a decade in this way and i have never before or since seen mandela so angry at the result was then that mandela to the states again its like going back to the microphone and started to make an attack on us that attack. I crave your concern. To behave. Off mr decay he has been less and friend. Everybody has. And indeed to to. Discredit. My team as he. Has certain moral standards oh. Very few do. What if i had to dig with saturn. To join our Global Community because the price is just slapped is the phrase the blessing upon latin upon human Health Equals Global Health keeping you up to date for situation where we have a human rights prices that persist beyond the Health Crisis your questions is a dialogue just nothing we are now approaching a crossroads this is an opportunity that we must miss the stream on aljazeera. Pulled a number told stories from asia and the pacific on aljazeera john presence on Donald Trump Jr was promised damaging information about Hillary Clinton allegation like to see an investigation seductress did the Trump Campaign with russia did you at any time birch the former f. B. I. Director james comey in any way shape or form the closer to back down the investigation into Michael Flynn and also as you will know. Next question bottle filled washington on aljazeera. Im not matheson in doha the top stories on all jazeera the World Health Organization has warned that the worst of the coronavirus pandemic is yet to come the u. S. Is the hardest hit country its top Infectious Disease expert says the recent surge there is because people are ignoring the guidelines but w. H. O. Is sending a team to china next week to investigate the origins of the disease which are still unknown. We on one this to be over we all want to get on with our lives but the hard reality is this is not even close to being over although many countries have made some progress globally the pandemic is actually speeding up the white house says it will brief democrat politicians on reports that russia paid taliban fighters to target american troops in afghanistan democrats were left out of an intelligence briefing on monday the briefings often involve both parties egypt has told the un it faces an existential threat from a hydroelectric dam that ethiopia is building on the blue nile if the op is expected to start filling it with water next month but at a Virtual Meeting of the Security Council egypts Foreign Affairs minister warned of conflict if the u. N. Doesnt intervene. U. S. Supreme court has struck down the law the places restrictions and doctors who perform abortions in louisiana its the 1st big abortion cases trump appointed to new justices shifting the courts political balance to the right tribal leaders in libya are pledging to end a blockade on oil output exporting terminals in the central Coastal Region have been under a blockade by forces loyal to war largely for half the us since january its thought to have cost the country nearly 6000000000. 00 talks are being held to decide when production can restart. On the french Prime Minister forceful feel has been given a 5 Year Prison Sentence for fraud was found guilty of misusing public funds and embezzlement for setting up fake jobs for his wife and their children shes been convicted as an accomplice and that was the headlines the news continues here on aljazeera after face to face mandela and the clerk goodbye. The health of humanity is at stake a Global Pandemic requires a global response. W. H. O. Is the guardian of Global Health delivering lifesaving tools School Supplies and training to help the worlds most found mobile people uniting across borders to speed up the development of test treatments and effects in working with scientists and Health Workers to learn all we can about the virus keeping you up to date with whats happening on the ground in the ward and in the land advocating for everyone to have access to essential Health Services now more than ever the world needs w. H. O. Making a healthier world for you. For everyone. Its december 1991 talks to end decades of apartheid in south africa a faltering president f. W. De klerk has just blamed Nelson Mandelas a. N. C. For a surge in Political Violence mandela responds i am also. Proud to be a hay. Off mr decay he has been blessed and fresh. If it had that. Agent to. Discredit. My team as he. Has several models and its hope. That if you did. What i had to deal with certainly. When you responded to the clock was the closest we came to not having a negotiated solution i also think what he said that is what mandela really thought about the clock he never said it publicly because he knew the kind of money is he knew he had to say i accept hes bonafide hes hes a man of integrity otherwise hes followers wouldnt do it but there he was and he was provoked and he was angry because he didnt he wasnt warned and and that was a scary moment and i think that told me everything i wanted to know about the relationship between the truckin and mandela it was a terrible one he was not only assured that he was fighting for that id for his people and what they believed in and what should one expect more from any man he could have been very rude. And very brutal if need be and all of this lift a mock it left a scar. Across it on their person little unsure but also on the process and a need to course some damage unavoidably so. The negotiations would last for months under the pressure of white extremists declare called a referendum in march 1902 asking almost 3000000. 00 white voters if they approved of the path he was taking more than 2 thirds of them voted yes. On june 17th 1992 zulus from the in ca to Freedom Party left their hostile accommodation and headed for the boy put on timeship johannesburg where the attacked a. N. C. Supporters 45 people were brutally killed in the massacre the repercussions were dramatic exasperated mandela was very ill and in his response. And that point in time the administration of hitler was the only body that had the capacity and the power and the command was there was there to do those people and therefore to prevent that from happening even when that was was going to be intelligence with everybody that there theres a. Pileup of stocks of arms there and then there were people that were they members who went to that i can no longer at a. Point in your. Talk at work of no return which is very hard to go up if. We are not. Why do we are provoked. We can fight back here lived at that stage and behold the again see that this was an example of Government Forces that were utilized and that point has never been proved but even through the consideration commission it was that that saw mandela break off the negotiation it became frozen. We launched in that period almost immediately a call for roading mass action to revive and get to very high level the activity of the the masses in marchers demonstrations protest. In early august 1992 a campaign of strikes and demonstrations was launched the power struggle culminated on august the 5th with the march on pretoria the countrys political capital. Was. In front of tens of thousands of supporters mandela came to openly defied the clerk beneath the windows of the Union Building the official seat of government and did not find out are. They in big doubt is the nation of an interim government. And their freedom and family lashes. I dont think you understand. They created the mess. On stage you know after demise we have started out of the continent. Then i less than that satisfactory. I think our. Negara cas is cant cannot and the way theyre not a 0. Am. The a. N. C. Maintained the pressure he and dick clarke were no longer speaking but in secret their lieutenants continued the discussions on the future of south africa. Another massacre of blights the 2 men to officially renew the negotiations on september the 7th 1992 and a small town in the homeland of cisco by 70000 a. N. C. Supporters demonstrated against a local military leader supported by the government Security Forces opened fire killing 29 people and wounding hundreds of others. Out of the big issue issue came a meeting between our officials and the clerks and the decision to carry on and resume with the negotiations desperately seeking an agreement to cloak capitulated and ceded to mandelas demands in september 992. 00 the principles behind the future constitution were determined it would be a majority system the white minority would have no veto or particular protection the date for the 1st multi racial and democratic elections was set april 27th 1994. It was there for 2 electoral rivals who went to also in december 1993 to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in norway the 2 men attempted to put on a good show but de klerk could barely conceal his frustration. I think the decision of the nobel peace Laureate Committee was a very courageous decision the award to more mr mandela was a popular one the award to me was a controversial award because people said but i have practiced a part in the past i had no problem with this the mondello receiving me at times it appear as if the end in see did not like very much the fact that it was also ordered to me i know there were 2 that felt. Nelson should not have shared with him i think that would have been a terrible mistake. Their contribution through the Nobel Peace Prize was their contribution to say we congratulate you the people of south africa you for it amongst each other but in the course of that fight you learn to appreciate each others humanity. And mandela was irritated by this man from the a potted regime the people who put him in jail the people who oppressed these own people for so long trying to say i ended up at it praise me the clerk felt that he did not get enough credit for ending up after and he wanted to be on the International Stage he wanted to be. The big the biggest oracle figure but he was mandela he was the biggest icon in the world so the 2 perspectives and the 2 egos really clashed and it was also difficult because there was a very strong anti apartheid lobby in in norway who didnt want him to get the you the prize and told him at one stage she and mandela went out on to a balcony or. Of the group the hotel and the main road of oslo and the norwegians who were supposed to be having a torchlight parade boo de klerk and they chaired mandela so it was a bitter 1000000 ating for order. Back in south africa the president ial Election Campaign proved to be extremely tense. In carters who threatens not to take part in the vote and violent confrontations were frequent even in the center of johannesburg. As the world focuses also a few days before the vote the 2 candidates faced off in a historic televised debate. Where have. The period at that time i was i thought a good and a better life millions of. Jobs free card attention cation Hospital Services we believe that that is utterly and neither the end shes policy is riddled with that which has failed it is riddled still with clinging to nationalize ation you want Good Investments as long as that is the case this is the reply. Of 5 men or is not used to address the basic needs of the charter to of the population was government is committed. By noted he is not alarmed at that or have for devote so much of his losses. Or his concerns that dog ladies and gentlemen thank you thank you for. That as well to god forbid consternation and nation beauty how i am proud to hold your hand. Profile. Im. On election day no one doubted that mandelas a. N. C. Would be my just the victim the question was whether the party would gain 2 thirds of the vote. The final score was indisputable 62 percent for the end seen im just 20 percent for the National Party. I hold out my hand to mr mandela in friendship and cooperation as far as my own post position is gone son i should like to make it clear. That i believe that my political tusk is just beginning everything that we have done so far the 4 years of difficult and often frustrating negotiations the problem and the crises. Abin simply a blip in nation for the work that lies in. Thanks. On may 10th 1994 after 4 years of negotiations and several 1000 People Killed in Political Violence Nelson Mandela became president of south africa he was 75 years old. I think well for the future i think its a good idea for self africa finally there that feature we have set out to achieve as be just. The direct thought it was a glorious moment. Because it was peaceful it was accepted by the wall the leaders of the world with their defeat on that day he saw it as the conclusion of these project that started in 1809. According to the terms of an agreement signed in 1903 monday led a government of National Unity assisted by 2 Vice President s tabel and becky one of his right hand men and frederick declared. Joy of my need to be good enough to hold fathers and i love. I. Want to im not. Going out by side. If a for the republic of. Selfhelp that. I knew was ushered in apartheid was overcome the last white president attending the swearing in of south africas 1st black president. My overwhelming sense. Was a feeling of accomplishment. Yes i had questions and i still have it in my mind. Whether we will be able to stay on the right path there are threats and there are always dangers that even if you reach a good agreement that in the implementation of the agreement things can go wrong. But my general sense was one of this is a good day for south. Over parties with more than 20 deputies were represented in the government of National Unity intended to last 5 years a coalition unique in the world took office a cabinet when a former president officiated under the orders of his successor both at the head of opposing parties. President mondale and never chaired the cabinet becky the other Deputy President and i chaired the cabinet on meditational basis it was a good experience i realized and serialize that they needed to gain experience in governance theyve been a Liberation Movement theyve been agitating as theyve been fighting theyve been fighters in the field they didnt know how to deal with the Civil Service he possibly thought that his presence in the government of National Unity. Will give him the authority to teach then youll come ice. How to do things. Whereas he ought to have one vested that he was also a new comer. Into a situation that was new on twitter to put in there were moments when the. I could see mr mandela getting frustrated. Alter cations between mandela and dick clark hit the headlines. In january 995. 00 i heated disputes during a Cabinet Meeting which forced declare and mandela to stage a public reconciliation for the media. The main focus of our discussion was our best non working relationship. Our discussion was frank and to a character in some detail. With all of the issues which caused the recent confrontation between us. We did not ask for an apology. We are asking for the recognition of al good faith. Honesty and i would integrity. In the process of the confrontation also my confidence in the president was shaken and our talk this morning achieved also the race to ration of that confidence. Im shaking you know you want movement on the feet and. Often about 18 months the a. N. C. Started to feel theyve had enough of a learning experience. And then they started to try and silence me because i was not only an executive Deputy President i was also the political leader of the main political opposition part and they were trying to say i cannot in public criticize the solutions with which i disagreed in the cabinet. Because im an executive definitely president that was part of the problem which 6 months later after doing brought me to the decision with my party who was there all from the government of National Unity i think that the clerk and his group where feeling that they were losing too much support from the white constituency and that if they remained in government with the a. N. C. They would continue to lose all that support again i think the correct ego came in the way that and his personal circumstances and we sometimes talk about politicians and forget that the ordinary human beings the clerk at the fall in love married a new young woman a beautiful woman that he was very much in love with he lost his appetite for dirty politics for hard politics and instead of leaving his party inside and going to die with lovely aelita he took them all out declared can this party left the government in june 1906 shortly after the adoption of the countrys new constitution mandela himself left politics in 1999 handing over to topple him back. In just 6 years of a hard for to do you the 2 men had to learn to clean change the course of their countrys history and forever bound to their own destinies they continued to see each other far from the political turmoil like in 2006 at a hotel in cape town that fed it to clerics 70th birthday. I mean. Once they had retired. They knew that they the 2 of them played a special role. In history and they never became friends but on the one or 2 occasions public occasions they said nice things about it so we didnt try to. Add guard if i disagreed in mobile thought all the words. All of us are entirely out of purpose oh of. Our own. And did most of us way but what. I had a policeman in the bus will say that our country does not suffer a normal. Occurrence all go. Out every governor or get your. Mate to give us away with the. President mandela made. A wonderful speech. At a function for our friends and family. I was deeply touched. By that a completion he gave to my contribution to. Help to bring peace to south africa i was deeply touched by the personal warmth which he extended to me. I even guide a little bit if i can remember well. Al jazeera explores prominent figures of the 20th century and how rivalries influenced the course of history steve jobs for much better marketeers land bill gates which after all is going to reinvent the fall below made software what it is today will change the world to high tech visionaries whose breakthroughs inspired a digital revolution jobs and gates face to face on aljazeera. I know there quite a mix of conditions across United States plenty of scout authentic selves you can see the showing up. And also want to see thunderstorms in all things you can see this rainbow over the skies in brooklyn now as we go through tuesday its mostly dry across the southwest the winds are very strong that a Wind Warnings in place of course the fire danger has been elevated across the 4 corners but to the north of there very heavy rains working their way across western canada and also down across the Northern Plains some heavy rain across much of the north and in fact quite so few showers and some thunderstorms in the as we go through tuesday on into wednesday across the ohio valley and pushing eventually holmes was a coward on this and the southeast meanwhile behind that it is mostly fine and dry still windy across the southwest although the tom ridge is not as high as they have been but want to show the Pacific Northwest 21 is the high in seattle and then down into the caribbean and Central America some fairly strong winds bringing in plenty of shastri much of the caribbean to the Northern Islands that nichols hispaniola and on into cuba i want to show. They have here again across into costa rica and also across into panama mexico also picking up some fairly heavy downpours on shes descent into southern and Western Areas theyll continue on wednesday a little bit lice in nature and still those particular in cuba have on a 33. To incarcerate. In part one of the 2 part documentary see how does he explores the single minded journey. Of the 1st sleeve of an independent bosnia herzegovina. Is that the good. From prisoner to pres on jersey. The. Chinese lawmakers begin voting on a National Security law for hong kong which critics say will criminalize political dissent in the territory. Cannot matters and this is all just a live from doha also coming up the World Health Organization warns the worst is yet to come as coronavirus cases continue to surge global