Transcripts For ALJAZ Invisible Threat 20240713

A huge Unprecedented Program of support both for workers and for business and i can assure you that we will keep these restrictions on the constant review we will look again in 3 weeks and relax them if the evidence shows we are able to but present the rig just no easy options the way ahead is hard and it is still true that many lives will sadly be lost. Well the death toll in europe continues to grow the number in italy is now past 6000 double that of china where the virus began one in spain more than 2200 have died the u. S. President says he is working with both the republicans and the democrats to ensure a trillion dollar stimulus bill is approved politicians on monday failed to pass the legislation for a 2nd time theyre under increasing pressure to prevent an economic collapse amid an increasing number of cases the head of the u. N. Is calling for a global ceasefire to allow the world to focus on the fight against the pandemic is a diplomatic editor james. Lowe welcome to this the un is deeply concerned about the spread of coronavirus in countries already dealing with conflict and thats why at a virtual News Conference the secretarygeneral made this call the fury of the vials illustrates the folly of war that is why today i am calling for an immediate global ceasefire in all corners of the world it is time to put Armed Conflict on lockdown and focus together on the to fight of our lives the World Health Organization is the part of the un thats been leading the Global Response its director general expressed his alarm at the speed of the spread of new cases the pandemic is accelerating it took 67. 00 days from the 1st reported case to reach the 1st 100000 cases 11 days for the 2nd 100000 cases just 4 days for this. 100000. 00 cases the secretary general we launching a global humanitarian appeal on wednesday hes asking for 2000000000. 00 hes also written to the richest countries on earth the g 20 saying there needs to be more coordination and more help for the developing world later in the week the leaders of those g. 20 nations will be holding an online summit meeting jamesburg aljazeera at the United Nations officials in syria have imposed curfews and banned public transport after the war torn country confirmed its 1st case of the virus the Health Minister says all necessary measures have been taken and the 20 year old woman is in corinth. And in other news the us is to cut a 1000000000. 00 in aid to afghanistan after the countrys president and his political rival failed to form a new government secretary of state mike pompei revealed the plan after an unannounced visit to afghanistan he strongly criticised both president danny and his rival Adel Abdullah for failing to Work Together and potentially threatening the u. S. Led peace deal with the taliban up to date those are the latest headlines from here about jazeera coming up next its a manmade invisible threat. Its bad enough to catch a disease naturally but to take a disease and turn it into a weapon to enhance the disease to make it more virulent or more contagious or resistant to known vaccines thats particularly there again just kind of goes off the charts there its turning Mother Nature against us. The. Weapons that destroyed by spreading deadly diseases have a long in unhappy history billions of dollars have been spent by governments to create pathogens that can cause fatal illnesses even today some countries are stockpiling just such a deadly arsenal in a widely reported News Conference syria has admitted as much. Or perhaps more dangerous than the age of rapidly advanced technology its quite possible for individuals or groups to create biological mayhem. 12 countries that are battling an outbreak of a nasty strain of e. Coli live theater strains of all the consequences of this would be longer just not a libya harm see image i know alison introduce you all to tune in for the clearly this is not Mission Critical 16 people have already died identify the source of this because like contamination has become ever more urgent some have even suggested that the super super resistant strain recall i could have been engineered in a lab. The World Health Organization calls the deliberate contamination of our food one of the major biological threats of the 21st century. In the modern globalized economy where food gets transported all over the world there are a lot of opportunities for somebody to contaminate food with with biological agents. And i dont want to go into much detail but there was a an article that was published in the proceedings of the National Academy of sciences about. Some touching Dairy Products milk using a bunch of talks and you can cause horrible damage with death many thousands of coffee. Kolchaks and is a Senior Scientist at one of the United States most important biological laboratories. That is kind of frightening when you think of. 2 different passes will somebody there are a Large Population or a small part of the population what goes with food there are cases in the are not so this will pass for people about that. Oregon authorities announced that the most serioUs Biological attack in u. S. History was carried out not by Foreign Terrorists but by the followers of a homegrown religious cult. Salad bars and 10 oclock restaurants were deliberately contaminated with salmonella. 751 people were poisoned and 45 hospitalized at disciples of korea right knew she sought to incapacitate voters and see their own candidates when the 1984 was a go county election. The sun the incident occurred in the United States the biological attacks could happen anywhere in the world and so father has not been a coordinated global plan about how to deal with this. I know 6 that. The word terrorism evokes images of airplanes smashing into Office Towers of bombs blowing up in markets these remain real threats so do attacks by chemicals mustard gas defoliants on nerve agents. But there is something even more insidioUs Biological weapons see. Thats the whole point of terrorism is this to put enormous psychological pressure on the audience to try to reach if were talking about biological agents i mean unseen in many cases that you can smell them for that very reason those kinds of weapons have a much more powerful psychological impact on target audiences. Even going 5 people with a bio as you would would be more scary than killing 200. 00 people with a conventional explosive its been no confirmed. This is a bad press in britain but its been a day of false alarms the sorting office in liverpool was closed down and workers were forced to leave the Stock Exchange in london for a short time today Police Say People should stay calm but vigilant the latest victims in florida the scene of the 1st outbreak of anthrax 5 new cases reported by the American Media company overnight on the basis of blood tests carried out on every employee the fact that this seems to be spreading 10 days after the 1st victim died confirmation of americas worst fears never mind the source then the point is the kind of on capitol hill today you could hear loud and clear threats from biological and chemical agents are real. Following the 911. 00 attack and the 2001 anthrax murders the United States government poured billions of dollars into Homeland Security experts from around the world were tractor to well funded Scientific Laboratory and think tanks high on their list of threats to be investigated with the use of deadly pathogens as weapons a long and ugly stain on the history of mankind oh my gosh warfare 1st reared its head when man started fighting man you know whether it was putting scorpions in a clay pot and tossing him at your enemy or taking bodies people who had died from the plague and tossing them over city walls and Medieval Times poisoning Water Supplies these are all ancient techniques and biological warfare but it was only during the major wars of the last century where science started just to conduct this time. The real danger of the real threat was the beginning of the 20th century youre moving into bonds airplanes and the. Really and so microbiology. Doing the sino japanese war the japanese government engaged in a massive biological Weapons Program between 19401943 japan dropped hundreds of bombs infected with deadly germs on 11 chinese cities. As many as 200000 chinese citizens harish. They did initially the attacks on northern cities with plague and people did die and then later in the early part of the 1940 s. There were more aggressive attacks where they used anthrax planters cholera and other diseases. Martin for months is a United States pathologist with an interest in medical history in 1998 a colleague sent him a package containing autopsies performed on chinese victims years before i opened it up and they were page after page of these people murdered by biological weapons. It was the 1st time and one of the few times when i looking at it. I could feel palpable evil and there were. Docked with a mans discovered that some of the victims of japanese bombing had survived in 2000 to travel to their villages theyre called rot making villages for the simple reason that people who were there in the summer of 1942 got rotten eggs when you interview these people you. Of a very similar story a lot of people started getting boils on their bodies throbbing thing at 1st minute it loses pus and blood and continues to be horribly painful and essentially never heal eventually dr from them ski concluded that the villages was suffering from glendas a disease that attacks horses and which for decades had been all but eliminated. The japanese had dropped bombs laden with this pathogen they spread colorado they spread typhoid fever is produced in theory the script glanders the spread anthrax and they spread plague. Especially doing a biological scorched earth. Perhaps even more horrific than the dropping of germ bombs where the experiments carried out by unit 731. In manchuria. Japanese sent out their secret police and rounded up troublemakers and they would end up at unit 731. 00 as human guinea pigs and they would inoculate them with diseases to see how long they would die and they would tie them to stakes and drop bombs out of airplanes to see how well the bombs spread the disease. Theres always an aspect when youre dealing with biological weapons or chemical weapons some extent of extermination the way you would exterminate germany. After the end of the war japanese scientists who worked at unit 731 were granted amnesty by the United States in exchange for information on the biological Weapons Program the japanese who did bad science and killed thousands of people doing it got off scot free and they ended up going back to the universities and became chairman of departments and became captains of industry and and. On happy lives. Successive japanese governments have been extremely reluctant to take responsibility for atrocities committed during world war 2. All the major powers have dabbled in the germ warfare but british scientists peregrym work here in this Research Establishment they stored m a r 50 kilograms of bacteriological age enough to kill every living thing on earth the british experimented with typhoid dysentery and cholera testing these pathogens on animals. If youre using live agent tests and this was done out in the ocean in many cases what you would do is tie animals on cages on deck and disperse the agent and see how well it would affect the animals and this was also done for example by the United Kingdom with sheep being tested with anthrax on grand isle and. World war 2 did not bring an end to biological weapons the cold war heated up providing another excuse to produce this deadly arsenal. Britain france and canada for example embarked on a program that experimenting with many kinds of diseases. That awful there would be enough to. Illegal dose numbers to kill Something Like 50000 people this bottle on the other hand contains a biological agent simulants if that were friends of senator ensigns which causes the disease to remain there could be enough in that vault to infect every man woman and child in the world. But it was the Us Biological Weapons Program that was the most dangerous it was by far the largest 8 and most ambitious 8 aggressor military leaders know a disadvantage chemical and biological agents cannot afford an early be detected by the human sensory or youre going to smell anything. To. The effect can be deadly to part of the state guard the experimenters dangerous organisms are confined to safety cow but. Using rubber gloves which are sealed to the cabinet scientists can handle deadly cultures and still be safe from infection. With the cold war the United States begins a biological Weapons Program which is twinned with the Nuclear Program i thought unicity of any potential danger is another important criteria. Of course youre familiar with the pathogenicity of the 2 linus talks of a suspension of which is were being tested by intraperitoneal injection of mike. Many kinds of animals were used in us experiments mice rats rabbits guinea pigs and most especially monkeys a restraining boxes used to hold the monkey in position to receive the measured aerosol go. Be on a horse and pass through a series of air locks and positioned in a sealed exposure chamber immense are using monkeys got all the monkeys you want but you still dont know at the end of the day whether to make humans sick how much will make a human sick how long the person will stay sick and so you need to have human subjects in order to proof test whether. We went through all kinds of room. Lights we change our clothes in the scrub then weve got on the elevator and went up to a catwalk in each port hole they had a black a colorful and thats when you went into them theyd close the door and thats when we were hooked up to. You can smell it taste it. If you 2nd so poor. Ken jones was inhaling q. Fever a bacterial infection which can result in hepatitis and pneumonia. He is a religious pacifist one of a 2000 Conscientious Objectors who volunteered for operation white coat. You want to enforce where some 600. 00 military and civilian scientists Work Together in research at the Army Biological Laboratories to protect this country against a biological attack that is a silent assault by an invisible cloud that carries disease organism. There was testing on humans often done in a facility at fort dietrich known as the 8 ball which was in l. A. Sion chamber where they could disperse aerosols and see you know how much it takes to infect a human but they were given immediate medical treatment in to the best of my knowledge there were no fatalities. By code volunteers claim that the Us Government as she was then that all testing would be for defensive purposes only this is the make of the vaccine to protect you. And make it a hazmat suit to protect you against mass protect you. Lot of hospital procedure come from this operation. What was happening at fort dietrich was not only a defensive program but also an offensive program so. It was research that could be used for either purpose. Here was here controversy about the White Coat Program there was a lot of heat about the biological Weapons Program there were ethical worries that is it do we really want to start a disease that might sweep the country. We just got rid of. Any. Biological weapons that. President nixon had decided that given the success of hiroshima and nagasaki in ending world war 2 Nuclear Weapons with a supreme deterrent the Us Biological alsono was deemed unnecessary in 969 the United States halted offensive biological research and eventually destroyed all stockpiles the idea was that the nation state the us as a nation state didnt need it it had no clear weapons with which it could destroy large numbers of people quite nicely thank you. And that you know that possessing these things would just encourage other people to get the white hole number on april 10th 972 a place from the time of real significance for the future of the world and the people in it in 1972103 nations including the United States and the soviet union approved a Convention Prohibiting the production of biological weapons. The treaty to which these nations have committed. Bind them to stop making biological weapons and to destroy all existing stocks of those most of gusting means of math that the good thing about the biological Weapons Convention is a stablish the norm yet established and or against. Other people would do what other states would do and at least not that all the. But critics felt the convention was all but useless it had no team it still has no inspection provisions in large part because even before any country put in on paper signing that treaty there was the prevailing concept that it was impossible it was unverifiable the Serviette Union actually used the convention to embark on the largest and most destructive biological Weapons Program in the history of the world and soviet signing. The biological Weapons Convention while at the same time embarking on a huge ramp up of their biological Weapons Program. There are no words to describe just how heinous that type of a government policy is. To syria q new always believed that there was not rules behind these conventions and they believed the divas to. Use the convention. And to develop biological weapons secretly in spite of the commish. If they believed exactly the same. So the 2 could track each of the convention for 22. 00 summers. In a Senior Scientist and an army colonel worked at version and in the our old sea it was here year after year that the soviet union tested weapons loaded with the most deadly diseases imaginable the Political Year is full of the recipients of the stuff. We should be able to get in really we were here to do a good. Police resolution to the war to the war. Experion real to the case that year was go home with a 1000000000. Google is what well get with this. These. Spores are just as a barrel of this bull is it really is a war should you be. A Russian Chemical Weapons Center a chick county on the river its suspected that chemical and biological weapons are still being developed at sites like this so western satellites have been watching for years. The soviet biological Weapons Program was roughly the same size as the nuclear Weapons Program and it was ultra secret bury deeper than. So were talking about roughly 50 facilities and upwards of 50000 scientists and technicians thats a lot of technical talent put to. The development of these types of weapons begins to plants against animals against people. And i think many of us were very surprised at the enormity of the soviet enterprise because i think until the end of the cold war we really didnt understand how big it was they said this is officer the purpose of this were going to make vaccines organisms for Pesticide Use and so on and thats where theres what they call the legend system that the real purpose and they become by far the biggest biological Warfare Program that the world has ever seen and probably most of us to. Join the global conversation off the bubble to the people to expand their brains maybe have a different view this is a dialogue women in cambodia are in fact telling their here we dont know how much theyre getting paid for it its hard to track its hard to treat everyone has a voice tell us what you think and your conversation could be a law right here in this case we need to step away from gaming people are not necessarily game perfect this is a journey of progression not perfection on how to 0. April on aljazeera. Countries are imposing drastic measures to contain the crowd. On a virus pandemic well bring you all the latest developments from around the world followed and im telling stories from our hearts and asia pacific one i want east brings new insights from the well to my calculations region has the democratic president ial race narrows how will the corona Virus Outbreak impact the u. S. Election campaign and get the country investigated where branding can creep of independent journalists and backing out in the global fight against trade means the u. S. Will count its population and a once in a decade census with coronavirus concerns will it get the full picture april on aljazeera singapore is being accused of expanding its coastline with Illegal Drugs south and some of the islands off the coast of indonesia literally vanished its a big business boggling samp when they go take this on there in the sand you are there you see this beautiful beach but behind it is something thats not so plentiful tragedy is that people are just not aware and ecological investigation into a global emergency sandals at this time on al jazeera. Hello again im asking dennis in doha with the top stories here about his era the british Prime Minister Boris Johnson has severely restricted the movement of citizens who to try to slow the spread of coronavirus residents are required to say home with a few exceptions made for work exercise and Grocery Shopping and all nonessential businesses will close. No Prime Minister wants to enact measures like this i know the damage that this disruption is doing and will do to peoples lives to their businesses and to their jobs and thats why weve produced a huge Unprecedented Program of support both workers and for business and i can assure you that we will keep these restrictions on the constant review we will look again in 3 weeks and relax them if the evidence shows we are able to but present the ridge just no easy options the way ahead is hard and it is still true that many lives will sadly be lost but the death toll in europe continues to grow the number of dead in a silly has now past 6000 double that of china where the virus began in spain more than 2200 have died zimbabwe has reported the 1st death of a patient from the Global Pandemic after confirming its 1st cases this past weekend the government has closed schools and banned large gatherings but there are concerns over the countrys ability to handle an outbreak Zimbabwes Health system has suffered critical shortages of equipment and drugs for years japans Prime Minister says the country is now considering perspiring in this years Olympic Games thousands of athletes of the International Olympic committee to delay the event until next year Canada Australia and norway say they wont send their teams to compete until the Health Emergency is over and in other news at least 3 people have died in libya as fighting between forces loyal to warn the will tell if i have to and the un recognise government continues after forces targeted the metallica airport in southern tripoli all right lets go back now to man made invisible threat. If. Sagna ben. Is a professor at George Mason University and an expert on biological weapons she was born in tunisia and studied in france they had several people from teaching. To the western countries by antibiotics that were available at the time and these were used sent back to the former soviet union and used to develop pathogens that would be resistance resistant to those antibiotics some of the diseases which the soviet scientists experimented with have long threatened mankind lithuanian born Raymond Zilinskas is a former microbiologist and a director at the Monterey Institute of International Studies nobody thought. Anybody with so irresponsible as to be working with smallpox virus so there was another contagious from it spreads from person to person and its very deadly in nature across about 30 percent. But with a weapon i was probably Even Stronger maybe 50 percent or even higher for so that was horrible and then the circa one i was really awful was a place where the marburg virus against which there is no vaccine no treatment its about 80 percent. Of all. Ironically it was soviet citizens themselves residents of the Industrial City of faired lost who discovered how deadly their nations bio weapons were in 1979 anthrax was accidentally released into the air the wind blowing southward towards the city carried the pathogens 60 people died. 16 years sergey powerpuff worked as a scientist in soviet lib oratory creating some of the most destructive weapons ever conceived by mankind after the collapse of the soviet union he immigrated to the United States. There was no way around it because the system did gauge people and did not let them go. There will be the record the k. G. B. Records. Or wherever you go. The idea is to set up an Automated Research facility to synthesize different viruses so it was a clear attempt. To take advantage of your approaches. And genetic Engineering Design new varieties of information so. When these agents are used by people who get infected develop the symptoms of one does this and when the physicians try to treat the start treating a person for that disease the treatment triggers the other agent which eventually kills. The person as horrific as this program was unlike in the United States the soviet scientists did not test the disease on human beings but they did use animals extensively. A typical experiment in that when the guinea pigs lose control of their body so they did not control their real lives and that resulted in him but alice is in this. Experiments and mark is creative demonstrate. The weapons. For some of decisions there will be no protection it will become please collapse of the social life. Of the Society Overall of the Economic Life a devil opt aerosols a fat. Spread the bacteria or virus. The air today aboard and therefore. Increase the number of people that get infected the effects of a contagioUs Biological attack could spread around the world literally within a matter of days. With the collapse of the soviet union in 1901 the new russian state simply couldnt afford to support a program that cost the country billions of dollars bio Weapons Research and production were shut down ultimately into it turned out to be everest of effort and money complete 1st for. Sake a power bar was one of thousands of russian scientists who suddenly found themselves without a paycheck obscured people who never established career you know in communication vis visit academically she was just so it was very difficult to present ourselves you know as scientists and nobody would hire us. To know accomplishments in the biological weapon p. C. Which so it was a kind of thought trap so the crowd most of the thousands of scientists involved in the bio Weapons Program remained in russia and tried to adapt to the new society dr popof managed to immigrate currently a researcher in biotechnology at George Mason University. With the just mantling of the soviet program it was hoped that biological weapons would become obsolete this was not the case for years it had been secretly stockpiling a deadly arsenal weapons they had produced themselves they had developed to really serious systems one was based on bombs. That had 3 different kinds of words one worse than trucks the 2nd was was much one talks and then a certain one was something called aflatoxin. So those were ready to go they were loaded they had about 200. 00 of those 25. 00 scud missiles with the same kind of words and they were ready to. Well base sooner than on some of the things that were considered the classic agents in the major western soviet program like anthrax like clostridium but on but then they also did some unusual things why would one turn a disease that causes liver cancer. Into a weapon the results would have. Been shocking. The go Forward Service so quickly the iraqis did not have a chance to use their deadly arsenal the United States was pretty clear in articulating that Response Options would be considered. Used chemical or other weapons. And i think that caused some hesitation on his part after the gulf war ended it x. Bio Weapons Program remained hidden until in 1995 United Nations inspectors finally uncovered it inspectors didnt want to get away with it if they had just thrown in the towel. It its very troublesome to think about how that would have changed the course of history in the middle east because iraq would have retained a super secret and potentially very potent category of weapons. It asks program illustrated vividly that it is conceivable that nations of all sizes could get their hands on bio weapons. Secretive countries such as north korea are suspects and syria has actually admitted to stockpiling weapons of mass destruction including biological i think there are some states out there that are still in this nasty business so if you really want to knock out weapon why not go for the one thats comparatively a lot cheaper easier to develop technologically and when theyre not looking for. A more way. Russia and the United States both in says that they are not presently engaged in the research or production of offensive biological weapons questions remain however i believe that the United States modus for the same is the United Kingdom but we have very Little Information about versions suit is still there for this zarif facility is russian and. Indeed in the biological. Research nobody ever different from those facilities but it was allowed to visit. The black boxes. At present the concern is not so much about nation states using bio weapons as individuals especially those with scientific knowledge seth caris is a professor at the National Defense university in washington he has written extensively on bioterrorism and bio crimes but one of the the things that surprised me when i started digging into this was the number of people who used biological agents of one kind or another for criminal purposes its not uncommon today to see people trying to get hold of toxins to users instruments of murder in a. 983 on finesse it in oh we and nursing home manager was convicted of killing 22 patients by injecting them with curious it a muscle relaxing drug used by the holmes medical staff in prison he admitted to murdering many more people in the mid 960 s. Zuki a japanese physician then bacteriologist handed out sponge cakes filled with salmon and dysentery bacteria to his colleagues he was eventually linked to an outbreak of typhoid fever and dysentery that sickened 200 people and killed 4. Even more dangerous than vengeful individuals or groups bent on destruction. For georgia man have been charged with conspiring to possess a destructive device one of the accused said there is no way for us as publisher save this country to seem georgia doing something highly illegal this wasnt just hong kong taken real steps toward iran carrying out their plans for the alleged plot involved explosions and a deadly biological toxin notice precious lives like a little obvious have some other. Bioterrorism is a real concern there are certain groups that are motivated and some of those groups are motivated might have a capabilities at some point theres probably going to be some of it some point we are going to have bio terrorist could be potentially serious according to al jazeera and many other reliable news sources al qaeda had progressed much further towards developing biological weapons before 911. 00 then the world had realized while there has not been a biological attack by this group so far it remains a real concern u. S. Secretary of state Hillary Clinton in december 2011 warned that there is evidence that. Al qaeda in yemen is hard at work developing weapons of mass destruction in particular biological pathogens. Often called the brains behind a sama bin laden. Is now likely to assume the leadership of the diffuse organization that is al qaida film together by al jazeera in the mountains along the afghan pakistan border on less described as bin ladens closest mental this was in 20032 years after 911 the concern about all of. Us primarily from the fact that its one of the few terrorist groups a. Has been interested in causing mass casualties and he has explicitly expressed interest that in fact us and try to put together a biological Weapons Program fact that so who is still there. Has to be concerned. Paradoxically the danger of bioterrorism has increased with the revolution in the sciences that are prolonging and enhancing human lives as cures for cancer and other diseases a found the number of trained people who could use their knowledge for nefarious purposes has also grown out the big change has been that biotechnology has spread throughout the world and that means that all the equipment and supplies related to civilian peacefully directed by technologies out there are all over the place. And that means that theoretically every buddy whos doing civilian biotechnology can do military but a technology a fermenter does not know that its from mounting bacillus thuringian says to become a fire pesticide or bacillus anthraces to become the biological weapon of the biological weapons system and thats compound good by the internet having become the worlds shopping center. The number of people who know how to use the tools of biology and could simply do as has grown steadily so that millions of people are in that category now of thirst if i wanted to equip a laboratory that would be potentially capable of producing. Some important quantities a biological agent i could buy that for not a whole lot of money in the end the reality is you could do that almost anywhere in the world that. The al qaeda was buying its equipment in pakistan and had no trouble clipping. Why were torn afghanistan. You know the kinds of from enter the War Laboratory equipment that you would need and you can buy pretty much anywhere but there are producers of botulinum toxin then you can buy that already and lasts. Most of those are in asia and for particular Mainland China you dont need them at this so we can provide any quantities you need in thats something completely new that you can buy the most toxic substance in the world over the internet is the 1st so and then the question is what about the what we call the known operators people now that are setting up molecular biology and editorials in their homes and their garages and resellers or whatever and theyre doing for the fun of it are they going to be able to create a pathogen and would one of them be crazy enough to want to do that yeah i would worry about that and. Maybe one of the most troublesome aspects of the life science revolution is that the information emerging is available to everyone no matter what their motivation you know most of the science that you need to create a biological weapon is obtainable through open scientific literature that needs to exist in order to improve the Worlds Health since the 1990 s. No respect i just got behind the idea that all the biological literature should be online so your University Undergraduate anywhere in europe has access to stuff behind pay walls their digital libraries and has access on an equal basis as a 16 year old kid from bangalore. Nothing illustrates the dial a number of readily Available Research more than the bird flu controversy in september 2011 a team of dutch and u. S. Scientists announced that they had engineered a strain of h 5 n one that could spread among mammals and possibly humans it caused a worldwide approach its a real life trail that reads like Science Fiction a dutch scientist using u. S. Government funding creates a deadly synthetic virus believe the bird flu physical model of an influenza virus of which bird flu is one inside our genes that change and its within this heart that mutations happen previously thought and he thought it would take many mutations to bed for it to become airborne now we know it only takes 5 in february 2012 the World Health Organization convened a meeting of experts who concluded that the h 5 n one research should not only continue but also be published a tsunami of controversy descended. In order to defend ourselves against the possibility. We need to do that kind of research but the question is still is it worth the risk and thats some people say you know the cost benefit on that the costs are too high because it could be released out of the laboratory and then it would really be how. And other ones to say no you know its being done under under the highest security conditions and were learning a lot from it so we are better prepared so make a choice but given that Mother Nature is the ultimate bioterrorist i think we have to push forward on the research i dont think we have a lot of a lot of options a small group of scientists. Socalled community essentially created a weapon of mass destruction and they did so to make a political point that no Public Health resources and attention should be focused on this particular problem. The risk of publishing it wasnt just that some malefactor is going to make this and let it loose you know because he thinks it will bring armageddon but that it will now spread to dozens of laboratories who make it and study it you know the risk is in a small number of years you know this will get out to larger scientific community. To put it mildly let the rest of humanity down. The bird flu controversy highlights a difficult question facing the worlds population what can we do to stop terrorists individuals or groups from creating and using biological weapons so far the Global Community has not come up with a planned response to this threat the u. S. Government has spent billions of dollars developing vaccines against pathogens such as anthrax but many critics believe that Io Technology is changing so rapidly that these will be rendered useless we dont have a medical corner measure for every possible disease especially with viruses so if a terrorist. One of those kinds of. We have problems a certain possibility that we were. Existing. If a terrorist group were to. Make their their resistance to some of the more common and that we start it would create tremendous problems for us. Its not trivially simple to do but its. Rocket science i think expecting that there could be. A factor of control over all the components and all the materials and all the equipment that could be used to manufacture. I think this is a fantasy i still think thats possible for some effort is being made to put in place global safeguards the manufacturers of synthetic d. N. A. For example in the United States europe and china have established guidelines regulating who would have detained this material but these are not industry wide and they are voluntary another strategy is for scientists to report any erratic behavior by. The f. B. I. Supported by president obama would like. Say more about what goes on in Life Science Laboratories but United States scientists resist this they believe they can police their labs themselves filmed be convinced that the bridge deletions in this field i important but the one to be sufficient. People take very seriously the possibility of biological that are not dark but i see individual scientist has access to biological agents so who can visit people seeing people next. To you is is very important probably the only way to really. To prevent some dangerous taking place ironically the best way to control biological terrorism may have to do with the weapons themselves to somebody if i some cells with a horrible disease and i mean that their death is going to be hideous its going to be prolonged and horrible at least. Its a lot more romantic to go out with that with a glorious bank than it is with with a slow painful whimper and all of our rules and International Conventions are designed by nations for nations but because of the internet that has been a quantum shift or because now were dealing with individuals the concert content or National Routes you have a computer in a city every home how can you control it all so i think thats really the biggest bunch of control issues in their lives and the chemical and biological field right now. In the end scientific ethics and basic human goodwill may be the only deterrent to the proliferation of biological terrorism whether by countries groups or individuals. How have you got some rather nasty weather in the forecast for the northeastern parts of the u. S. At the moment so a lot of cloud just pushing around the mid Atlantic States sweeping up into new england eastern parts of canada something of a noreaster here just pulling its way through and nothing further north has some snow on the northern flank of that particularly around that east the side of kind of them and 30 centimeters of snow for a time all of that area cloud in the right down into central parts of the u. S. And here comes the next system some very heavy rain pushing through the tape south pushing up towards kentucky was tennessee easing a cross middle antic state genius maryland seeing some wetter weather as we go on into what is a taboo just falling back just i saw myself stephanie or can fold they say dry weather coming in behind splash of rain there just around the midwest through the Northern Plains and mistal seeing some well the onset of weather at times over towards the west coast even as far south as california we are going to see it want to see showers into the caribbean over the next downside but for the most part its fun and dry lots of a tropical sunshine coming through so essentially is set fallacy want to see showers they were towards the lee was for a time showers getting driven further west was on that keen wind but for most of the say it is fine and sunny. All new counting the cost counting italy cope with a coronavirus content make without a bailout 14000000. 00 auto workers in europe has been told to stay at home we talked to b. M. W. About the future of the industry plus airline supply for their survival as governments impose trouble bans counting the cost on aljazeera. How much is the coronavirus on the stock market can also affect the rights to the white house looking to pry open standards to secure the democratic nomination i believe we can beat down trump follow all the developments in the Us Election Campaign on aljazeera. No Prime Minister wants to enact measures like this. The u. K. Becomes the latest country in europe to impose a partial lockdown as a number of corona virus cases continues to rise. Hello im not seeing dentistry without is there a live from doha also coming up another 462 people died