it will be good to see. every civilization sees itself as the center of the world that writes its history as the central drama of human history the words of samuel huntington in the clash of civilizations. and it's precisely our poor understanding the lack of will to understand others cultures that the world uses polarized as. the ideal of living as part of a global village is slowly fading away allowing the rise of nationalism. so can we improve relations and cooperation among nations and peoples across societies cultures and religions. or is the clash of civilizations he never to be. we will explore more as the un high representative for the alliance of civilizations mcgill onkyo moratinos talks to al-jazeera. we do until martin us thank you so much for speaking to al-jazeera thank you very must invite me for this conversation i've been really looking forward to this conversation because the world is that such a critical inflection point everything from the rise of china to global inequality increasing protest what some see is the erosion of democracy and i'm drawn to a word that you use a lot that's the word fraternity what is it about fraternity that some appeals to you before i got to this war fraternity that's his psyche ward i think in today's. international relations let's just try to give to the public opinion the sense are we are in a transitional phase every time or we move from the all over war to the new war this discounter addiction period and you see this now as a contradictory transition period absolutely i mean we all know and politician no head of state no. we are not that we are living in 21st century is not more the 20th century but unfortunately we are trying to continue to work with the east tremendous and methodology of the all centaurian not the new one what do you what do you mean by that there is rapid change we know there is repetition a logical change we live in a much more globalized world and the rise of china is is reshaping the geo political landscape so what is it about the 20th century that's not working now it's not working because the multiplicity of factors of called which governments are naturally state by there are a prime. checked all of that out of the civil society of the strong impact of media of course of internet of technology so these have different tours there is also of your let's say pockets of power only like you mentioned china the new countries and at the same time people city sense started to think that they can decide by their own the traditional representative democratic democratic system you know not really replying and responding to the needs of the people so all together everybody knows that. we have to change we have to adapt ourselves but the point is that we are missing is that how we are going to engage these new process office a new world that's where you come to this world for turnitin the ability of people to live together and to have fraternal relationships to see that we are part of a she could communicate truthfully i mean i think that's fraternity humanity there are 2 worlds that we are using in our represent an organisation and that encapsulate the sense that. without that human factor without taking account of what the human intelligent another. intelligent can provide to the society we will go. in i would say very complicated area so the problem is today is that we all agree and we are now moving forward to save the planet and we all agree is not only great i mean everybody impractically not not everyone agrees i mean if you're talking about climate change there are a lot of people who are skeptical there are people who don't necessarily want to sign on to the measures that are needed and president gore trump pulled out of the powers of course because he. doesn't agree with the direction that i would out there are you know you know that some cases at the end there would agree but there are one ness of the global scale is seen for a war that you have to make a new pact with the nature but that's a very good i'm the one to support that by the day after that imagine that we save the planet those who wake up in the morning we have to live together we have to live together and then we need fraternity the universal declaration of human rights fundamentally it says this all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights it's a lovely sentiment but if you look around the world right now would you say that that in fact is true is not true with cover our own way to go and these have perverse dialectic today with 2 concepts as you mentioned at the introductory remarks one is inequality and another is indented team and you can see how the 2 worked in for as each other what we call populism rice insurance certain western countries because people or. difficulties in the job scene job creation in the way they are they have their own prosperity at the same time they say well is because we have immigrants' it because we have dollars coming to us so lives got to. be together our of our indented to dress to room formal entity without the all those and then maybe it will equality but that's is wrong the way to fall in the future is to try to well of course combat inequality yeah the same time. i would say inclusive dentity i mean invented but i mean i read. european and they to running on men from the international relations for the world but i couldn't relate this then t.t.'s the question of when you are a dentist is the only. what and your school deal really interested that you've raised the word identity because i think identity right now is the critical issue in our world with it whether it's china where they talk about the rise of china and the importance of china and see jinping continuously telling the chinese people never forget the 100 years of humiliation by foreign powers whether it's russia with putin who looks at the 20th century laments the end of the soviet empire as the great catastrophe of the 20th century with its hungry orbit and bringing up that sense of hungary and identity everywhere you can see this and you can see the attraction of people to this do you see this rising nationalism and the identity of nationalism as being the big challenge to the altar that you're talking about absolutely i mean that's journalism and concert like nationalism in the 21st century you have really to overcome it i mean we are one humanity. we are working for equal citizenship in the world and so any kind of nuts or not is to have your priorities wrong because sooner or later they need to have a collective approach in order to solve the challenge of today but increase my people are turning away from this is true what you said that some countries some some actors in the international community today they are using this identity let's say presentation you know the tool they found the ride into is that influence but sooner or later i think the rise of this citizenship that they want to really be equal footing in all of the main question that affect our sorrow we would prevail i mean it is not easy we had to begin this kind of thing can be solved easily unfortunately we are already in 2 fronts. 20 practicality or decades. let's not repeat what happened in the 20th century in the 20th center with car unfortunately to war. and only a $945.00 practically the half of the century delhi for leisure got to credit united nations and their charter time from to score but it took us to war wars and there's she's shown to put all of us saw extract our some less on ourselves and try to adapt our world we have already made 2 decades 20 years of ready pass and we have to still fight in trying to see how we are going to organize ourselves how we are going to respond to additional challenge to many people so that we're seeing the end of justice or you're talking about what's broadly known as the global liberal order owned by the united states built around organizations such as the united nations the world trade organization the i.m.f. the world bank all these multilateral institutions but at the same time are we seeing the limits of that they must be something in the failure of cosmopolitanism and globalism that draws people back to the identity to say being hungry and being british being american being chinese that matters and it matters more than being a global citizen do you think that we've reached the limits necessarily of the cosmopolitanism globalism and it's not speaking to something that people feel very deeply a sense of belonging and purpose and national identity that so many other leaders and they are tapping into i think of it because people don't understand the want to really adapt to the complexity that's one of the key words in today's reality of complexity of our reality of called before you are or you are national your. an identity and your hungry are not today is not you can be a good time and be proud to be hungry and or be a good chinese have to be proud of peta of all civilization like chinese civilization but at the same time in the 21st century you have to be part of the world or these so called wild humanity so instead of seen well let's only behave in my capacity of course and i really know sometimes you have to be ok. but you have to behave like a european and it'll time your house will be very like a universal you know member of the commune international community so there are one like me and civilization has been many and we have the western we consider ourselves the top if you go to our north tom beyond the traditional story and they said there was shall let's say evolution and the one who prevented it was the best of all this was the end of history wasn't i think young your ideas are no we don't which ideas are coming back yet but they have taken some part of western civilization. don't consider i'm in decline no but i are worried that my world is not the morning anymore so i have to show her the way to construct the world in a certain plan and respect over the other at some point western civilization we talk about liberal democratic values which is underpinned this global liberal order at some point do you have to stand up for those values do those values mean that you have to draw lines in the sand and i'm thinking here specifically about the rise of china which has lifted more than half a 1000000000 people out of poverty is the engine of global economic growth through its built in road initiative is reaching out to the world it is a global power on the verge of becoming a superpower to rival the united states but it. totally utterly rejects ideas of liberalism and liberal democracy how did those 2 things co-exist while universal values had been adopted the universal human right the creation and values had been signed and adopted and fulfilled by the whole international community we are not going to renounce to these values and i will not renounce my western values but i have to relate to understand how the interpretation of all those about certain issues and i think of the problem that before the westerns the democratic liberal system consider there was the only one and the super what and today we have to really add up to ourself to the new reality and we can learn from all that see belief system from other culture without renouncing our my values i freely and i fight i would continue to strive for the western values but in the positives but some 3rd values or certain behaviors of the western liberal democrat the mock received has not been so much to be proud of you know has been some certainly appears out in the historicity of history that didn't really make our western to be so proud of ourselves so we have really to be more theirs and trying to work together and they all those the one who are coming back or trying to come with different view they have also to understand that it's not the end of the game if we want to live together that means i will have to share and to put these universal values are they up to it and accepted by everybody is not an easy task in need political with a need that the people understand what is a stake and then of course they have to be educated not to be money plaited by all those that try to bring them into the wrong direction you know that is the real challenge we are facing today at the same time as we see the rise of china in all 4 . arion capitalist model if i can use that that phrase that presents a real challenge to the global order that we've known we're also seeing what some see is a democratic recession freedom house now accounts for 13 consecutive years of declining democracy declining freedom around the world do you believe that democracy itself is under threat at its weakest at a very time when the reserve rising or for its here in alternative particularly with china of course the permanent sort of shy of the freedom of people to choose the their field trip but let me. mention on a door to wall comment from our chinese political guy who told me well the difference between the traditional western democratic system and our system is the forward your in your system your. elect. there are people who go through election and you elect your people in our system we select and then we are locked so the people who are the being elected because there has been selected 1st by the system they had been a certain responsibility in their jaw 3rd movement in the council of certain cities certain regions and then the democrat i mean the chinese communist party decided to elect them so in our system we've been good in the last let's say. sent to the practical need elected electing elected without selecting the people who are going to be you know representing us and what happened today that we have lost one of the main issue of democracy that is participation of show we were too poor when the then current of politics when you go every 4 years to deposit your ballot and you elect some people do or don't curr today not today people in the worst country in every word the no i want to participate in the mcafee's representation and participation and do it in their lives their kids their with super abit of. elective ity and the deficit of participatory system so now the people in the region will have to reform the democratic liberal system we have to find a way how the people can participate much more what if that means that participation also comes with a fundamental rejection of the political system the current the existence let's use a concrete example your own native spain it is proved difficult to get a functioning government election after election because you have this existential crisis existential question of catalan independence that spain and resolve if catalan becomes independent you are not. longer spain as we know it so how do you resolve those tensions at the heart of democracy when you have people participating in the see who project fundamentally the system itself and look for their own freedom people go to vote and they vote for one option and i can assure you that. 2 months later they say they don't represent me. that you didn't happen before so they all did you do would say well you vote for me let me do my policy no they say no i am the one who will decide so they disallowed call for participation in these talks sense of frustration from the people in and the other the reason they go to the street and this is very very very very serious because if you lose institution and you let everybody spread in a permanent manner your frustration your desired your right even from time to go to last through the only way to really mobilize and to legitimize certain rights ok but others said time we don't cannibalize all that into a certain institution we really have a lot of difficulties but new technologies come provides her turn participatory mechanism for as president in a much more more than functional and manner the way to take part of this democratic system the moccasins have to be reinvented every day and what we cannot say that as we hardly know a crazy of the western liberal system about all the other. so-called democracy can give us less on snow we received less from for everybody but no less wrong from some countries that don't really fulfill the principle of democracy that is trade on injustices that have to be well are they up to a certain law and certain make a. isn't one of the issues and again this comes back to this ideal of fraternity that you have for the world here is the issue of the movement of people open borders particularly with europe i'm seeing a backlash to that i think brics it is possibly informed by that of rejection of refugees particularly countries like hungry poland this is how do we live in a world where increasingly we have to share the same space where we are increasingly asked become more diverse and more pluralistic and yet people have emotion who seem to have an emotional rejection of sun much of that morris our real problem is you know because for the resort and one of the task or the lying through through recession is to really to work with governments and so say this you know that to really. demonstrate that you can live together tom time it depends how do you connect with the source i take how you connect with the people how to integrate in a positive manner of this relationship to credit for eternity and the fraternity have to be told in the school have to be educated to be conducted by the political figure if the political figure instead of calling for fraternity are calling for hate and for rejection that you kind of make this up and you know so if you're in european union our country and when there are the fraud or refugees that are coming in from a war from a distressed situation and they say well i would receive only the one quarter christer while the european union have certain laws and how our needs one treat a child might respond 3 to myself and there is a word that is culturally diety number 2 article 2 so why the commission and all their member state didn't take action. i mean you cannot accept in today's world in european spirit that somebody said no we only accept the one who have our cross my so but it doesn't mean that i have not to be and the same behavior all the store does to the lack of response the political response to certain absolutely negative behavior also produces can no 4 of our clean money between the people and i'm glad you've mentioned the question of religion because i want to come to that finally you've spoken a lot about this and you've said that that faith is essential to human liberty faith is essential to human liberty and yet in this increasingly small globalized world being forced to live with each other we are being forced to accept different faiths and that's producing a backlash in some cases do you believe as some have said that faith itself is under attack in what is an increasingly secular war. we are being this year has been very negative year because the enemies of this. war the fraternity and humanity they have. target what should be their goals in order to disturb our lives the whole of the. common behavior of 4 of respect and mutual acceptance so before they're used to target one religion but now they decided to attack or. your normal release or say well we know there is a well you're on your eyes are you and it's. not god semitism it's not your family of your and i think that's important that i mean the state should be socially so you have to be but you cannot neglect you know the fact that religious leaders he really should they mention is part of a. right the politicians cannot take no more and they have to either is that the result that alliance use war can in order to really take. money in order that together. totally be in among all show. thank you so much for talking to his ankle was a pleasure. from passion into transformative science that brings about change consciously or it 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now surpassed those killed by sauce in 2003 a lack of resources his boast some doctors to turn patients away was a hold of the us.