On the clock bring new planets s. O. S. From in the western pacific a beacon in an ocean of change with a spike warming in the city case and coral reefs here are in pristine condition but the paddle to save them is intense. Allows coral reefs defying the odds that stunning and made the intact for now but around the world reefs are being decimated by bleaching events pit will see the pioneering science taking place in the battle against nation warming and the efforts to conserve coral and fish the spectacular sight of 2000000 golden jellyfish and unique subspecies threatened by Climate Change but here the plights of the 2000000 Pacific Island is facing the peril of the Climate Crisis. Sea level rise is a global problem in europe will speak to those trying to make life on top of the water a reality. Welcome to planet x. And west from one of the front lines of the Climate Crisis 1500 kilometers in that direction lies the philippines Papua New Guinea is 1500 kilometers in that direction we are surrounded by ocean her lao is an archipelago of hundreds of islands a pristine environment with unique biodiversity but the very thing that is not to the people here is now what threatens them and their way of life. Across the globe oceans a warming marine life is dying the waltzes steadily rising. And thats a problem for hundreds of millions of people who live on the worlds coastlines residents of cities like shanghai miami lagos Rio De Janeiro oh threatens down the line unless things improve were looking at climate refugees on a massive scale but its the Pacific Island nations that all the most threatened and the least here in ploughing its not just the people but the extraordinary ecosystems that are in the firing line it is an extraordinary sight exposed structures of ancient coral reef framed in an expensive took ois the requirements of palau a unesco World Heritage site and beneath the surface the profusion and variety of life is stunning one of the highest rates of biodiversity on the planet but the challenge is a new worse in amongst a jumble of islands a series of marine lakes hold more one does this is. A lake it is connected to the sea but only through a series of small correction fishes in the rogue its effectively isolated sealed ecosystem and beneath the surface lies a unique subspecies. Golden jellyfish theyve evolved to Harvest Energy directly from sunlight there are more than 2000000 of them and indeed thats a significant reduction in the pos there have been as many as 30000000 in this lake but fluctuations in the weather have recently taken their toll. The biggest challenge that we face in terms of a jellyfish make Climate Change very recently within the past. Year and a half to 2 years saw. The golden jellyfish that the site is famous for around the world completely disappear because of Climate Change the salinity of the lake. The temperature of the water the priest. As you might expect the range of biodiversity and plough is a big tourist draw theres an estimated 100000. 00 visitors a year here 5 times the local population above and below the water the site so carefully monitored everyone has to buy a permit. And regulation applies to to the fishing industry these ranges are on the lookout for Illegal Fishing in protected so called no take zones implemented to try and conserved when dealing for species along the coast which are targeted by unscrupulous foreign vessels for the commercial fishermen i mean illegal fish its usually that big ships mother ship so its everything from giant clams to churches to secure cumbers to fish and then from next year the marine protected area will be massively extended into the open ocean which will restrict some touches like this down for japan but. 2020 all the stuff sold will can only be 15 that 20 percent of the water and the reason for that is that we want to make sure that 80 percent of. The ensure the sustainable that youll get more done before were seeing that when we dont. Give the area a refuge of Conservation Area you can see its 5 times as much space in an area thats all but. There is another ultimately overriding concern not just on palau but for the 2000000 islanders across the pacific Sea Level Rise 100 has lived here for decades now and he says full moon tides are getting higher and higher and that can have a devastating effect if for like more than 40 years say insane and the this is a 1st time ive seen these kind of. High thanks come in and its hard because you have to find another place to move to and if you dont have the money to build a new house then you wont be able to do that so pretty people are pretty much to stop. The wonders of this part of the pacific are many say to the precious allow is standing tough when it comes to environmental protections but its people are going to need all the resolve they can muster in the coming years now the plows president is a veteran campaigner on the world stage fighting to protect island nations while this still time lets hear now what president tommy remaining a south had to say when he addressed World Leaders at the Un General Assembly in september allow his some of the most well preserved coral reefs ecosystems in the world however we now face many challenges brought on by a globalized world do they local fishermen are not the only ones trolling our waters. And Climate Crisis threatens to render island lives and livelihoods untenable well i interviewed the president here in person author more about the pressures that palau is placing from Climate Change every food more now that means every month. We have households along the coastline that literally have to abandon their places and go in and stay the the weekend or a couple of days until the full moon tide resides thats how serious it is you cant park in your own backyard anymore so she level rise is a is a dramatic thing it salt water is seeping into our acquittal chilled farm so its affecting put security. And of course the biggest threats. The frequency of storms and natural disasters typhoons you can see it today this is supposed to be a dry month but here we are we going through storms after storms for People Living away from the pacific and away from the front line here its very hard for them to make the connection with how serious the Climate Crisis is what would you say to them were small but were the window to what can eventually happen to the rest of the world. Were small but. The options that were taking here can also have a scale of value to what the world needs to do in order to ensure humankind is here for the next generation believe me this is this is something thats going to catch like a wildfire and we are on the beginning of the wildfire but eventually it will for spread so dont trump has now started the process of pulling out of the Paris Agreement what do you make of that were not going to flinch about these you know its a lost opportunity for the United States a lot of these things could have been accomplished more faster and meaningful if the capability of the u. S. Would have been there along with china in the europa and all the you know in the even contests but its a sad thing because its again i think its an odd mix over real matters so when you wrap up here at the office when you go home and you sit on your veranda and look out to see what goes through your mind do you have room for optimism. If i dont have some hope. You can be the worst feeling of any human being so i have to retain some sense of hope i have to think that there is still time that there is there are solutions. And that everything will come together thats the hope that im hit. We head out to the car race now and later in the program well learn more about the extensive science going on here. First what the world doing about rising sea levels in the prospect of millions of people displaced for more lets cross to mariana and go. Thanks nick our planet as around one degree celsius warmer than preindustrial times and Scientists Say where on track to go up by another half a degree by 2030 and so past that if Greenhouse Gas emissions keep going up now half a degree may not sound like much but the uns body dealing with the science on Climate Change the i. P. C. C. Says it will cause subtle but significant shifts and long term with the passions so drawing on the work of analysts cubbon brief has an insight into what huff a degree means theres a 10 percent chance of an arctic summer without ice at least once before we have one and a half degree rise and you can take that up to an 80 percent chance before 2 degree rise the number of people exposed to severe drought will go up on average by more than 130000000 with a 1. 5 degree rise and almost 200000000 at 2 degrees and the number of people flooded in coastal areas is projected to go up but at least 28000000 people every year by 2055 in a one and a half degree world and 30000000 each year with a 2 degree rise half a degree will kill between 70 and 90 percent of the worlds coral scientists predict and squeeze by half the habitats of 6 percent of insects creating a cascade of negative effects. For millions of people worldwide a one degree celsius rise in global temperature is already an emergency forced from their homes by crop failures floods fires extreme weather and rising sea aljazeera is hiding for travel to the alaskan coastal village of new talk with 350 native alaskans a heaven to move. 2000 years ago the u. Peck people began sheltering in the embrace of the ningaloo river to endure alaskas winters. For millennia the water brought food and life but now it brings destruction. Albertine a charles was born in the village of newtok like her ancestors before her but the land is slipping away beneath her feet it used to be further down. Below. 20 feet maybe. For the. Sea level rise stronger storms and melting permafrost is putting an end to human civilization on this patch of the alaskan tundra about 25 meters of land crumbles away each year everything man builds collapses the top of melting ground the garbage landfill is now under water so to the boat dock and soon charles is home will also teeter over the edge or to sink but thats what the elders satirise say shown that really its just going to sing so the whole village of 350. 00 people is moving to Higher Ground to. Newtok was among the 1st communities in the world to recognize the dangers of our warming planet even in the 1990 s. The Tribal Council knew it was in a race against time and after decades of planning finally the day to move has arrived were on our way now its a new tops future. 15 kilometers from the old village atop solid volcanic rock a new village is under construction it will be called markovic meaning getting water from the spring in the you pick language leaders of what we do know the number on it thanks to an early start and persistence new talk believes it will complete the village relocation in 2 years they elders and everything on the religious cultural wanted everybody to Stay Together because what youre what youre really talking about is this locating people the new village had to be close to you pick hunting grounds along with houses the people need roads a power plant clinic and school the entire project costs around 100000000 Dollars Money difficult to secure from the government because laws written to address sudden natural disasters never envision the slope catastrophe of Climate Change theres other communities that are right in line. You know our brothers and sisters are west and theres a lot more communities that are just looking for a way right to a grandchild everything like that you know for this type of disaster. Albert tina charles is among the 1st people to go and shes excited but the moment is also bitter im going which this place this where or for this where i grew up. Her life and the life of her village is now pioneering forward into a new era of the earths changing climate castro planet s. O. S. You talk alaska so 100000000 dollars to shift 350 people imagine then the cost both financially and emotionally of finding refuge for say 350000000. 00 climate refugees even more thats what Scientists Say could happen if we fail to weigh it now limiting warming to a one and a half degree celsius rise a well below 2 is what nations signed up to in paris but those numbers werent chosen because theyre whats best for the planet they were chosen because thats what nations could agree on and the pledges well they were never going to be enough anyway a report by the universal Ecological Fund shows that even if countries delivered on every single pledge from paris the average global temperature would rise by around 3 and a half degrees the i. P. C. C. Says we need to have global Greenhouse Gas emissions by 2030 to stick to a 1. 5 degree rise but to do that nations must commit to new much more ambitious pledges and in the years since paris levels of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere have infect grown up back to you nick. Or will it get more of whats going on down below in this stunning environment in a minute were going to communicate from the seabed to the boat because theres a whole load of Ocean Science taking place here in ploughing our reporter. Join the team and they sort themselves out down on the reef lets just take a look at this report its all over compiled earlier. Allow seas are teaming with life most of it concentrated here on the countrys barrier reef stretching over 500 kilometers its one of the planets few remaining pristine coral reefs but this beauty comes with a fragility it may have one of the most pristine reefs in the world but its just a hair under threat around the world coral reefs are disappearing at an alarming rate its estimated over a 3rd of all reefs will be destroyed or seriously damaged within the next 10 years Climate Change is warming see which has a devastating effect on corals forcing them to reject the colorful algae that normally lives within them and bleaching them white much of the reef here in palau has been spared and thats in part because the geography of the region water trapped by the lushly forested limestone clips forms a sort of lagoon and warms in the sun but instead of getting bleached the coral here has adapted to these extreme conditions and remains healthy these are socalled super corals and they only exist here in the western pacific and that makes them fascinating for scientists who hope they can be used to repair damage reefs around the world even the lab and then we. Stress them increase the temperature of the water that theyre in and well see which of them are surviving and those will be our. The efforts that scientists are making here show the healthy reef supports millions of species and on the edge of the reef in the fast flowing currents sharks there are what species of sharks and rain in the waters here off the coast and over. Are endangered. In order to protect them well outwit the world factory. Lot of the way they want to get fish by sharks and rays. However its a lucrative business shark fins fetch big money in the markets of asia where theyre used in shark fin soup weve only been in the water for a few minutes when we come across this a gray reef shark missing its dorsal fin. Is Illegal Fishing vessels catch sharks hack their fins off and then toss the rest of the fish still alive back into the sea the prospects for this shark a bleak without a fence keep it out right it will soon tire sink to the bottom of the ocean and die as Climate Change decimates coral reefs and fish bear the scars of humans greed ploughs turquoise waters and the secrets they contain are a small beacon of hope in a vanishing underwater world right now lets establish contact with the team if we toss this. Into the water we should make a connection with all over. Well tell us more about what youre seeing down there. Finding yes im with a group of scientists who are studying political rooms acidification occurs when the ocean absorbs more common dioxide from the atmosphere. And thats a pickle rules and other creatures as it makes it harder to deal with the skeletons and shells that they need to survive by collecting samples and see the corals add breeding them in the Lab Scientists hope create a strain of corals the stinkfoot of be resilient either High Temperature is more acidic c. They could then traps a lot of them in research on the wells which have more much else strains of corals that cobb survive as the oceans change. All right thanks a lot on of a not often you get hold of conversation like that now theres all sorts of science going on in all corners of the world Critical Research in these Uncertain Times one of the data points you see there is the level of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere Scientists Say the safe level is anything below 350 but we are well past that above 400 parts per 1000000 the reason is excess Carbon Dioxide and other Greenhouse Gases are acting like a blanket around the not allowing excess heat to escape to the atmosphere and causing the global temperature to rise so we wouldnt have any direct evidence of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere if it wasnt for Charles Keeling back in 1958 he began monitoring c o 2 levels a measurement is the Keeling Curve he painstakingly recorded c o 2 levels every day for decades and thats a job his son ralph has now taken to. My father came to scripts and i think 956. 00 with the task of measuring Carbon Dioxide different places around the world you 958. 00 he was getting readings of around 310. 00 parts per 1000000 now were up at. Almost 415. 00 parts per 1000410. 00 or more. So its really its just really rocketing up the Main Operation in my lab as in my fathers lab involved sending flasks these are glass spears out into the field that are filled with an air sample and sent back and then we analyze it in the lab it established as a matter of fact that humans were impacting the planet at a global scale the core problem is that burning fossil fuels were burning more and more decade by decade its not like we understand this problem and i started to curtail its like youve got a weight problem in your response is to eat more and more you have to go back millions of years before you find levels as high as today and that was a world with a very different climate. I think whats really changed in the last decade in particular is people starting to feel the weirdness of the climate around them in terms of Freak Weather and crop failures and so if its a loss to some of its remoteness its starting to creep into peoples lives i think its going to get kind of rough to be honest and i dont see how we get around this without serious consequences and the sooner we understand what were facing and started dampening to it and reducing the the problem the better off will be and sadly its taken a long time to get there what are we back in the capitol career or in the neighborhood that we featured earlier where the issue of rising sea levels is almost a daily problem for People Living here as it is for a growing number of communities right around the world where the netherlands which is one of the planets lowest lying countries theyre using age Old Technology to explore the possibility of life on the water is the tosh. Im still dam is a city defined by water tool homes line its famous canals but in this neighborhood people dont just live near water they live on it paul volcker runs architectural tools of the area he says living on water comes naturally to the dutch because the netherlands is one of the worlds lowest lying countries for almost 2000 years we build dikes and create land its in our d. N. A. To live with the water and with all technical possibilities nowadays in the Climate Change we find new ways to make neighbors on the water because of Climate Change global sea levels are rising a quarter of the population in the netherlands lives below sea level so these homes are lapore tree for the future figure who thinks floating home is an enticing haven of shimmering light he helped design it after coming up with a plan for Sustainable Community with friends a decade ago the world needs to change we cant keep doing the same thing grouping doing. And we wanted to make a statement and showed it is. Floating houses may seem like a luxury but all it takes a the floating structures can be adapted according to budgets need so low cost homes schools hospitals even entire cities could 1. 00 day be built on water in rotterdam support theres a floating farm powered by solar energy farms like this could be replicated in poorer parts of the world that are susceptible to rising waters when you are on a floating farm you go up and out with the flooding or as we do here in the port we go up and down with the tide. And still go on with Food Production no matter how hard or whatever is current altos has designed floating apartment blocks ports and cities and hundreds of homes one of the worlds leading experts in floating. He says Climate Change creates a sense of how we if we have to work on this kind of technology and ideas and architecture for last 15 years between you think that this is just momentum now because Climate Change is bigger than then ever as ations begin to ever and we think that water can be a solution because of the space of case flexibility and its quite stable building on water that doesnt tackle the root causes of Climate Change but it can provide a creative and sustainable solution to one of the greatest challenges of our time natasha buchla im still the netherlands floating architect show one way of dealing with rising sea levels would like to hear your stories of innovation and solutions you can get in touch using the hash tag a. J. Planet s. O. S. Well thats just about it from plow in the western pacific this extraordinary country full of life fighting for its future next on the show well bring you whats coming up at top 25. 00 thats the annual climate gathering of scientists politicians and Civil Society is now in madrid of course off to chile without. The for main the clock and the rest of the planet as u. S. Team very implies its by from. The oppression of an ethnic minority and me in my bag many. The intention was to make sure that were no longer entitled to either basic rights or citizenship brunch in a new documentary aljazeera explores the history and motives behind the systematic persecution after him and me and my. Exile on aljazeera. Im Kemal Santa Maria in doha and these are the headlines on aljazeera polls are open in hong kongs local elections chief executive caroline asked a vote not long ago in a poll seen as a test for her approach beijing government following months of demonstrations authorities of even threatened to suspend voting if there isnt a serious disruption a record 4100000 people have registered to vote hong kongs biggest turnout since the territory was returned to china from britain in 1907 while speaking to the media a short time ago carol lam appealed for peaceful voting we are facing an extremely challenging situation in all the