Planet is facing a Climate Emergency thats the dial warning from thousands of scientists who say were not taking Climate Change seriously their report says and this week changed the way we live humanity faces untold suffering so what will it take to save the planet and World Governments and World Leaders listen to these latest warnings this is insightful. But i will come to the program im daryn jordan the world is facing a clear and existential threat a Climate Emergency thats the stark warning by a global group of 11000 scientists their report gives simple and immediate steps that could make a difference they say the Climate Crisis is accelerating faster than most scientists expected its closely linked to wealthy lifestyles and excessive consumption people must eat less meat emissions must be cut and fossil fuels replaced without action they say large areas of earth could become uninhabitable but Scientists Say there is hope and the global protest movement can bring change well lets not get the thoughts of our guest joining us in penang malaysia mean iraq munchies the Climate ChangeProgram Coordinator at the World Network from reading in the u. K. Elizabeth robinson shes a professor of environmental economics at the university of reading and in london doug hes the policy director and chief scientist at greenpeace u. K. I welcome to the program Doug Paulette me start with you if i may that from greenpeace how significant do you think this endorsement by this group of 11000 scientists is and why why our climate experts now ratcheting up the language to call this an emergency. Well i think for a long time weve seen scientists try to play the kind of the. Be kind of withdrawn from the political system and saying we can put our information into the political system and this is going to make it work and i think what were seeing is that a lot of the Scientific Community and the broader Academic Community are beginning to worry that this is in no way big enough or significant enough as an intervention from their side to do the sort of things that they can see coming up because as they say this is going to be a threat to. Essentially the whole of humanity in the way the humanity actually operates and they cant just sit on the sidelines anymore they have to be saying look you created you need to do things now now because the sort of things i say not things that people havent said before you know you refer to the protest movement in the in the introduction. A lot of the same kind of messages a ping coming from there and i simply adding. An important level of academic rigor if youd like saying if were going to tackle this problem we have to do the following things all fossil fuels all the nature of forest conservation. On consumption like it was an aviation and a lot of diet so i think this is a shift in tone because the the emergency is becoming more of an emergency with every passing day all right well come back to the issue of the politics of Climate Change a little bit later in the program doug let me bring in mina raman there in malazan mina does using the word emergency add a sense of urgency to this Global Crisis suddenly i do the dead we all recognize the urgency the deeply flawed the developing word in communities living in a given instance we add any concerned about the rising sea level and what that would do to many of the highly nations or even the coastlines the millions live. So it is actually quite frightening in quite astonishing in terms of their recent signs of reading and what i did the emergency call and the urgency call is very important in this part of the Elizabeth Robinson from Reading University i mean this is the 1st time a large group of scientists have formally come out some called Climate Change an emergency so it is interesting and significant as doug was saying there but how different do you think this report is from previous ones because weve heard much of the debate before havent we. Thats true i think the debate has been around for a long time and to some extent for quite a long time now weve known what the problem is and we weve also really known what we want to do what we havent seen is action so what weve seen commitments weve seen the Paris Agreement commitment weve seen our former Prime Minister may committing to a net 0 by 2050 but we havent seen action and so here i suppose on the one hand its a call to action and this is change in terminology of a cabinet thats quite important now that instead of us talk about Global Warming and talk about something its sort of happening in the future yes we might be making effects now but its something will happen to us in the future its really saying no this is happening now and so i think one is this strong voice of scientists coming together and to i think its this message that we can pick up the signs of the Climate Crisis already and one of very powerful things i think about their report is this idea that lets track these indicators and show what progress were making but also that there are some impacts of Climate Change that were already picking up and these a serious impact but i was just going to the other thing to say is that that the terms Climate Emergency time crisis to some extent you know city in the west we might say well you know its getting a bit warmer or the weather is a little more extreme but i think its still hard for people to act but when we talk about the opportunities the opportunities to be concrete to craft a world in 203040 years the looks a lot more a better place to live in terms of the actions we need to take anyhow to mitigate Climate Change that also can put quite a positive spin on encouraging people to take actions so rather than saying you know were incurring a cost now were saying actually were investing in a Better Future so i think its also put the way the message is sent the dog about to you for a 2nd because the timing of this report is quite interesting i mean the latest study this study was released on the same day that satellite data was published showing that last month was the warmest october ever on record does this suggest do you think that we are at some kind of critical Tipping Point in terms of Global Warming. I think what were saying is that this is succession of. The october record was was following on from several of the monthly records which with all the step aside i think what were seeing is is a kind of culmination of what weve been doing over several years sorry over several decades leading to heightened temperatures across the globe now that weve done or going can like that and that there are sort of buddhists or we can then it might plateau for a while i think the thing is we dont we dont this warming now we start to see the effects in terms of wildfires ice melting arctic and talk to greenland and so on. We might be lucky and it kind of plateaus for a while and we get we can get our act together in terms of cutting emissions but we cant know that for sure what we but its definitely at a point where its becoming much more real and as elizabeth said that these effects all becoming very real right now in a number of countries so we havent got any time to waste mina lets bring you back into the discussion we had because were told that indicators like meat production and Meat Consumption global tree loss as well as fossil fuel consumption a collectively telling us much more i mean how important are those factors in the overrule picture do you think. Well i do think that we need to look at this in terms of who is actually causing much of the emissions problem has been a history do it in this is why in the Climate Change convention in the various agreement there is a common but differentiated responsibility that developed developing countries talk about and they talk about equity the Industrial Revolution led to much of the emissions in the past and there is a historical response ability in the fact of much of the emissions that we see today have been there from history and the impact that that via facing already is the result of the history that has happened so the people who are least responsible for Climate Change are now facing the impacts particularly the book so you know if you look at the end the 20 percent of the rich wote contributing to 80 percent of the global emissions you can actually see the stuff in a gritty in terms of the problem so if we want to talk about rectifying the problem we do have to talk about the rich having to pay much more and not cost the burden on to the poor that we talk of Meat Consumption and how we need to change our dietary patterns but for a lot of the developing world the hungry of the developing low they have no food to eat so how do you talk about the changing of diet in the hungry well i mean thats an interesting contradiction is about your your not in your head that would like to come back on that. I think i think he has made just a very important point one there is the moral obligation of hiring from countries too theres the reality that per capita emissions in higher Income Countries are just dramatically higher than low Income Countries and yes when we talk about quite often us as a us people need to reduce their Meat Consumption we do need to nuance that if we look in higher Income Countries most of us are eating far more meat than we need to and theres quite a lot of evidence that we could have on the consumption improve our health and reduce emissions at the same time so certainly at a planetary level yes we need to look at a more on plant based diet and the that the reality is that if we dont reduce our emissions globally the countries that are going to be particularly harmed by Climate Change are those low Income Countries so weve already seen that that that Crop Production is going to be most harmed in countries which are already food in secure that these large shocks that we see sort of propagating through the food system such as in 2008 it was it was droughts in australia that led to a food crisis in 2008 and now People Living in the u. K. Like myself it was probably just a little ripple i dont think we even noticed food prices going up but if you were living in haiti this was this was a tsunami of increasing food prices a country which is already food insecure highly reliant on food imports and the 2008 food crisis little riots and actually the toppling of the Prime Minister so in terms of Food Security the fundamental issue is that crop yield potential the ability of our crops to actually build see to keep increasing yields is starting to fall as a global level the countries most likely to be hit of those low Income Countries so its a very nuanced conversation on the one hand high Income Countries yes we can reduce our consumption needs on the other hand i mean low income low Income Countries its more how do we help to keep those yields up in an era of Climate Change lets just look a bit deeper into the report if we can doug this is the 1st time were now seeing a Climate Change report that addresses the controversial and prickly subject of population control why is this such a political hot potato within the Climate Change debate do you think. Well i think its its become a population issue. That i think its an indicator i dont think its a useful way to frame the debate that when thats the way thats one of the cultural proceeds within the Environment Movement some people to think that its a useful way to talk about tackling emissions and i would actually disagree with that because there are issues around human rights and fundamental ones of Climate Justice as have already been referred to about where responsibility should lie i mean you know frankly if were going to reduce the population the root the population needs to be reduced in wealthy developed countries but i would actually disagree that its a useful way to look at it because. It has much to do with technology and lifestyle. In developed countries and there are a whole different set of issues that apply in developing countries where things like infrastructure welfare states and so on dont exist so it is a controversial issue because there are different ways of looking at the climate problem. Now and i think its as an indicator looking at park capita consumption and so on i think it shows where responsibility can lobby but as a way of saying how we tackle it i think thats where the problems start mean id like to throw that point to you because the idea of trying to influence human population growth as doug said is hugely controversial and even un climate negotiators have avoided this but can we still afford to ignore its. Well i do think this is where we need to come to the question of is it population though is it was consuming it was producing the emissions most of all this is an old debate actually if you remember from the rio days itself and there was this real summit in 1902 the save the problem the population problem was posed as the major problem for the Environmental Crisis but very clearly it was already debunked quite early on if you look at the lifestyle of the rich american for instance what the american rich consume and east is its much many many many more times come back to a chinese or an indian or even a kenyan so population is not the question its the who is causing much of most of the consumption in the production of the emissions so i do think that the population debate at the clouds the problem and the whats the problem the the blame on the developing world which is largely where the population is so i dont think that the population debate is not helpful and it actually mischaracterizes the problem where we have to see the rich of the world the 20 percent of the rich consuming much of the resources including the Carbon Emissions all right stay with us wont you because i want to expand on the political timing and the political impact of this report the scientist warning was published a day after u. S. President donald trump began the formal process of withdrawing from the Paris Climate Accord with the pact was agreed by 185 countries back in 2015 to fight Climate Change by reducing Greenhouse Gas emissions washington presented its withdrawal letter to the United Nations on monday but itll take at least a year to form in the u. S. The only country to pull out so far lets go back to our guests a drug policy start with you how significant then is the timing of this report given that President Trump has begun the formal process of taking the u. S. Out of the past climate deal. I think the reports 73 reminded that. The weight of Scientific Evidence is very firmly on the side of doing something very soon and very profoundly about Climate Emissions what the trump pull are which shows which anybody who pays attention to whats going on is that they dont really care about Scientific Evidence theyre going to back their own prejudices and the fossil fuel industry. Its not so the trump lets lets be clear that trauma from paris or attempt to pull out is really young helpful but i think were also seeing other countries around the world. Using it galvanizing thing to step up to the plate so its you know if there are 2 sides to face all of it of course its really on helpful of course it be far better if they stayed in of course it would be better if the white house was behind domestic Emissions Reductions over the counter side its forced other people to say u. S. Leadership is not going to be here we need to step up and ate also has meant. In reaction to it that u. S. State sold particular piece to start saying well were going to step up and do stuff in america anyway Elizabeth Robinson president trouble with said look the polish climate deal was bad for american jobs and it was bad for the American Economy whats this telling us though broadly about the political game of balancing Economic Growth with the need to radically address Climate Change. Oh i dont know what is tell us our bounce Economic Growth i think it tells us that politicians arent willing to make the commitments that are needed but it but do we do see that tension in the u. K. Im just think you know that the arguments for sort of the expansion of Heathrow Heathrow for 3rd runway and the idea that will create jobs and growth and yet you know that will directly increase emissions we look at this sort of argument over you know fracking or no fracking the jobs versus the climate so its but i think it you know i agree with what doug said its. In most can for many high Income Countries its actually economically sensible to embrace actions that mitigate Climate Change so those are huge opportunities in the future so one in terms of if we look at Economic Growth and we look at say air pollution so you know weve seen weve seen the images in delhi we know in london and i live in london in the emissions you know we we we exceed our emissions sort of whats the legal missions well before the end of the year every year so i think its its a false logic to say that that if we put our country 1st what we do is actually ignore climate right and not take those actions to mitigate Climate Change the Economic Opportunities of mitigating Climate Change are very high. Meena recommend then i mean were not being told to reduce travel were being told to stop eating meat and possibly have less children with population control thats a very difficult message to sell to ordinary people and the politicians are how do you get that message across in countries like malaysia that. Well i do i think that what we are saying to people here and i think theyre already feeling it if you look at the Indigenous Peoples of the coastal communities who are beginning to feel the impacts of the heat the long drought the heatwaves the i mean people are already feeling it so the point really is for us in the developing world how do you make the transition its easy to see in the rich that you can you know you just have to decouple from Economic Growth but here the question really is one of how do you maintain your how do you reach Sustainable Development meaning livelihoods and jobs and and income at the same time in a carbon constrained world for that to happen you do need the transition which is true in financial transfers from the developed world to the developing world you dont need the money the technology chaunce the so that we can leapfrog and not make the mistakes of the west but what we see not happening enough and fast enough his is for the financing in for the technologies to flow but thats only one part of the problem the other part of the problem is that they should many of our countries have got nor options the flats or the heel of the fire has come and you have to respond i have no choice lets look at philippines and the category 5 hurricane storms people have to rebuild their lives and they have to do this with money so how do you actually make. People lead a dignified life and that to me is fundamental in terms of International Climate agreement so for the trumpet ministration to just walk out its really trying to condemn me millions and the of people around the world to climate in just a minute ago and thats immoral really its its an interesting point you make me and let me come back to us but for a 2nd and stay with the with the with that the terms in terms of the politics of Climate Change in the u. K. Those are the poles on december the 12th different this could be the u. K. s 1st general election where Climate Change plays a much more defining roles of voters. I think it might have been if there wasnt another big issue on our minds at the moment. Its really frustrating on the one hand we see certain parties we see we see the liberal democrats we see the green party very emphatically talking about Climate Change and the need to do something about the Climate Emergency and recognizing that as investments in Clean Technologies investments in Climate Change mitigation those investments that will make our country actually more equitable a more healthy place to live in and at the same time reduce Climate Change and of course recognizing our obligations to low Income Countries are if we didnt have the distraction of bricks it i think Climate Change would have actually been very much on the radar but but the reality is there are other issues in the u. K. That are going to completely distract from this so on the one hand its really good that the Political Parties or some of them at least are really emphasizing the importance of tackling Climate Change but on the other hand i think i think distracted dog part let me get a final thought from you i mean is there still time to reduce Greenhouse Gas emissions or are we already too late do you think. Well it depends what you mean by too late i mean weve already seen i dont want to agree of Global Warming. For some long you know for a lot of coral reef starts already to collect some people who are on the receiving end of floods. Like him by some quit at the recent tight food thats already too late. But for every half a degree every point one of a degree that we can keep Climate Change of the control that she is still a whip compared to what otherwise would have been the case can we still make the paris target of 1. 5 degrees yes but it meets technically its possible it will take a humongous effort at mena raman in penang a final thought from you i mean scientists are asking us really for a transformative change from humanity is this report do you think like to make governments and ordinary people in malaysia sit up and take note i do many people are beginning to be attention in the every sitting up only because the feeling the impacts i think the all the that the Northern Movement in terms of well the climate strikes and and so on but thats important because politicians in the north will listen to their people same as what we are doing in terms of Civil Society and social movements pushing our own governments to do more but for developing countries until much more Financial Resources got and this is because of the Green Climate fund for instance the mall money there isnt a Green Climate climbed the more the more that the developing world can do and so it makes our life easier im going to the government and i take you cannot do business as usual anymore you need the transmission but that has to come with money inside and by names and technology all right its a its an interesting conversation but im afraid we have to leave it there for now mina raman in penang in london and Elizabeth Robinson in writing thank you very much indeed for your time. 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