A safe zone that is approximately 440 kilometers wide along the border and 30 kilometers or so deep now the s. D. F. The Kurdish Forces are saying that they will only withdraw their forces from areas on the contact line of this area russell line down to tel aviv which is around 100. 00 or so kilometers. The s. D. F. Those Kurdish Forces control far bigger area than that so that certainly is a concern present or the one said that he didnt have any problems with syrian the syrian armys presence in towns like commish li and co bani he said that he sole concern is that what he describes as these kurdish terrorists move back from this proposed security or safety zone so he can house some of the Syrian Refugees in that area that are currently in turkey in this 5 effectively now 4 day period all eyes are going to be on soft. Tobar the 22nd when president order one is expected to meet the russian president vladimir putin. Yes president told trump insists the ceasefire is working well i just spoke to president earlier one of turkey were doing very very well with turkey there is a cease fire or even a pause or whatever you want to call it there was some sniper fire this morning there was mortar fire this morning that was eliminated quickly and theyre back to the full pause and we have isis totally under guy turkey is also guarding separately theyre watching over everything so you have the kurds who were dealing with and are very happy about the way things are going i must say the kurds and you also have the turks watching just secondarily watching who you have isis under control but to go hand joins us now from washington d. C. So messages are going swimmingly well. And thats really hes been trying to set the narrative hes speaking to his base this is a president who doesnt like to be criticized there is literally one u. S. Senator senator rand paul that has come out and defended his action it has been a cross the board it has been politicians its been think tanks military former military members really across the board the message has been this was a mistake we saw senator mitt romney go to the senate floor and give his hypothesis of what happened he thinks the president called President Trump and said hey were going to move in and instead of saying go ahead i dare you to take on the u. S. Military he said ok final pull the troops out and really people across the spectrum are saying and this is their words that the president got rolled by president ertl one so he is really trying to set the narrow d narrative but when he does he says things that are just simply not true and also into other times says things he really wasnt supposed to throughout this whole thing his administration has been saying he didnt give the green light to turkey turkey was going to do this anyway in the clips that you just saw him speak to the reporters at one of the things he said is since weve started since i started this so hes now claiming credit for something hes denied being in charge of so theres that one thing and then hes been tweeting out that european nations are now willing for the 1st time to take the isis fighters which is a good thing so if you go across the globe you cant really find any evidence that thats actually happening secretary of state mike pompei i was in brussels and he was just asked moments ago what countries are we talking about and he said well were starting to hear that some are thinking about it which is a good thing because weve been working on that for months so again this is another example of the president saying something that doesnt appear to be based in fact or truth or reality and his aides not necessarily trying to find a way to not say hes not telling the truth but not actually answering the questions and thank you very much. Most of the head there including mexicos president defends the National Guard after they released the song taurus drug lord. And an uphill battle for the u. K. Prime minister as he tries to win over votes in parliament to get his breakfast deal across the line. I was very much a case of east is best the sunshine across europe had by at last a clear skies him some warm sunshine at that stretches way right down into the mud its right away you might just catch one or 2 showers but the main weather action remains further west but we have these areas of low pressure piling in from the atlantic says a very wet weather summary when the weather is to go on for the next couple of days sas to the cloud and right streams across the United Kingdom into scandinavia the low countries much affronts doll and damp by of biscay Northern Areas the spine of portugal also looking very disturbed and that wet weather will continue to drive its way further east which is because through sunday further east the warm sunshine will continue unabated a lot of sunshine to across northern parts of africa but a chance of some showers there into libya these will push a little further north which in these was as we go through sunday want to see showers a possibility to into the far west of algeria and i would say some very heavy showers recently and see west africa as of course so we should do this is the ivory coast where we have seen some flooding over the past few days some really heavy downpours coming through here lets see some was spread flooding those heavy showers there set to continue through the gulf of guinea all the way across west africa right there into liberia and sierra leone. What are you protesting about how does this impact whether on line. Directly out of the ground like its lately or if you join us on saturday this is an attack on Academic Freedom and on our ability to do research and teach freely this is a dialogue myanmar is not making it very welcoming for people to come about everyone has a voice which is real. And arguably the solution on aljazeera. And again remind of the top stories here not just 0 mass protests continue in lebanon demanding the removal of the government over the worsening economic crisis Prime Minister saad hariri has given rival groups in his government 72 hours to unite and get behind his reform plans. Violence has broken out in barcelona after hundreds of thousands of people descended on the city in a show of support for 9 jailed cattle and separatist leaders down rest follows a day of largely peaceful protests. Turkish president says the offensive in northeast syria will resume within minutes if Kurdish Forces dont abide by the terms of the cease fire the 5 day truce is largely holding so far. At least 62 people have been killed in an explosion at a mosque in afghanistan attack happened in the house camino district of the east and then the whole province where shippers had gathered in the mosque for friday prayers the explosion caused the buildings roof to collapse injuring dozens more no one has claimed responsibility for the attack of the war duck is a National Security analyst based in afghanistan he says the government of blaming the taliban despite responsibility. So the message that has come from the government is that its the taliban and its taliban seen this partners who are responsible for the attack on the other side we have had a statement coming from the taliban condemning the attack and saying its basically Government Order guy who is responsible for the attack so the government has blamed the taliban the taliban has condemned the attack and rejected the responsibility we know that jalalabad and specifically areas near to house come in areas where we have dice presence and i want to sign over the past few years. Has been silent about it could be done. And this is not the 1st time we have had such a such a phenomenon in jalalabad we have had attacks in the mosque last 2 years as well where we had. The beginning of the dice surge we have rumors that we might start negotiating with the taliban again the United States of america now you have this attack on civilians i dont know how its going to affect the peace. Process again on the other side do you do you know my report which talked about the deadliest sort of civilian casualties are concerned this is harsh reality of want to stand every time you have a talk. Of the government in ruler of going to stand it will have civilian casualties. Mexicos president has defended the national god after they released the song of an a tourist drug lord Security Forces gave up on song of chapo guzman after a day not gun battle with his cartel that killed at least 8 people im just running out of pleasure but also as the decision prevented the loss of more lives robin junction reports. Fierce gun battles in the city of clear calm in northwest mexico. The Security Forces and drug Cartel Gunmen fight it out after the short lived arrest of oviedo was money. Hes the son of the notorious Drug Cartel BossJoaquin Guzman also known as el chapo who is serving a life sentence after extradition to the United States. The gun battles went on for hours as army and Police Forces came under increasing attack vehicles were set ablaze for terrified residents panic set in bodies could be seen in the streets the capital of siena low a state brought to a standstill later in the day mexicos security minister laid out the sequence of events. Today at 1530 hours a patrol composed of 30 elements of the National Guard and sedan or were conducting a routine patrol in the tress rios neighborhood of the city of coolly accounts in a low i think when they were attacked from a home patrol personnel repelled the assault and took control of the house locating 4 occupants inside during this action one of them was identified as Oviedo Guzman lopez this led to several organized criminal groups surrounding the house with a force greater than that of the patrol likewise other related groups carried out violent actions against citizens in different parts of the city generating a situation of panic. Is what was. Said a decision was ultimately made to release in order to protect lives the State Government said its working to restore calm and called on everyone to stay off the streets while guzman is on the run the latest fugitive in mexico seemingly never ending war on cocaine traffickers. Does either. The brother of the honduran president has been found guilty of Drug Trafficking by a us court and the honduran president has been labeled a coconspirator on and on your hernandez was found guilty of helping to smuggle almost 200000 kilograms of cocaine into north america new york city prosecutors say he relied on his brother president one Orlando Hernandez the protection trial has led to protests against the honduran head of state who denies the allegations. A sit in is taking place outside the headquarters of the United Nations mission in libya demonstrators gathered in tripoli to protest against what they see as u. N. Inaction on human suffering in the city dozens of civilians have been killed since the beginning of a military campaign in april led by warlord holly for have to to seize the capital from the un recognized government but. The u. N. Human Rights Office has called on egypt to release a prominent blogger a lawyer and a journalist from jail in iran nearly 2000 people have been detained since protests against president of dillard photo sisi broke out a month ago the u. N. Says blogger and fatah and his lawyer Mohamed El Baca have both been mistreated in custody or journalist as are of their fighter is on a Hunger Strike in prison. The u. K. Prime minister Boris Johnson will face an uphill battle to get his brakes it deal through parliament when it meets on saturday its Coalition Partner the Northern Irish de u. P. And all opposition parties are planning to vote against the get the agreement which allans has more from westminster. This is the karma before westminsters weekend storm on saturday m. P. s will face off in parliament in a special session they have just one day of debate to accept or reject Boris Johnsons new brix it deal and decide the future of this country if they say no the Prime Minister must ask the e. U. For a break sit extension something hes desperate to avoid i hope that people will think well you know whats the bounce what constituents really want do they want us to keep going with a song they want division and delay or do they want us to focus on putting more money in here which is what were doing expanding a provision for a provision for education. And putting more police out on the streets tackling knife crime those against the deal are hoping opposition parties can hold the line we all know its going to be tight and the only way Boris Johnson can deliver his brakes to see if labor m. P. s break ranks and vote for a tory press it with northern irelands d u p ruling themselves out there are 3 key groups for us johnson must win over for the needed 320 votes there are a group of labor m. P. s in leave voting seats who want to see bracks it done but not sure whether or not theyre going to back this particular deal theres the former concerns that peace with trade as the policy for opposing no deal most of those voted for teresa mayes deal but might take issue with. Johnson and then theres the 28 years hes 83. 00 times against me still its a big one across party group of moderate still arent convinced that no deal is off the table led by the former conservative m. P. When theyre trying to amend saturdays vote so that any approval for the Prime Ministers deal would be deferred until the legislation to enact it had been passed so. Brecks it would be delayed until the end of january so that m. P. s could get all the complicated work done im not crash out on october 31st because id run out of time but theres no guarantee that e. U. Leaders would say yes to an extension. Through digital i think we should take to deal tolbert such a 1st deadline i dont indulge in political fiction so im not going to imagine a scenario where did British Parliament vote this way or that way but i dont think that any new extension should be agreed. Despite what micron says its hard to see e. U. Leaders denying an extension and risk being blamed for a no deal crash out but yet again the u. K. Is pushing bricks its right down to the wire. London. A new chiefs. Say the block has made her historic mistake that risks destabilizing the balkans a handful of countries led by a french president. Refused to start membership talks with North Macedonia and albania it came up to 7 hours of a deadlock at a summit in Brussels European Commission says both countries have done enough to at least begin talks but france has reservations about both and albania also faces opposition from denmark and the netherlands. Cordons of. Truth but what we saw last night was wrong because it did not act to say i have a yes or no rule of macedonia and albania will ready to join the European Union it acted to say either yes or no they could be candidates candidates with whom we could have started negotiations the majority of the European Council wanted to say so but there were a few Member States who were not yet ready its a historic a historic era. 2 women have just made history in space by space walking for several hours on the outside of the International Space station nasa astronauts Christina Koch and jessica mer have become the 1st all female pair to space walk women of previously space walks solo or with men they spent 7 hours outside working to replace a broken part of the space stations power grid space walking is widely considered the most dangerous job while in orbit. For money top stories when i was there lebanons Prime Minister saad hariri has given rival groups in his government 72 hours to unite and get behind his reform plans hes addressed the nation amid mass protests over Economic Conditions at least 2 people have died during the demonstrations were testers are demanding the resignation of the government they accuse their leaders of looting and bankrupting the country which is in a severe economic crisis the latest protests were triggered by new taxes including a free a fee to use whatsapp that was scrapped but people are still out on the streets but are a board member i am giving our partners in the government a very short deadline 72 hours to give us a solution that clinton visit us and the people in the streets and our International Partners are violent protests are taking place in barcelona after hundreds of thousands of people descended on the city in a show of support for 9 jailed catalan separatist leaders. Right police fired rubber bullets at several 100 protesters who surrounded the National Police headquarters and set fire to the streets in the rest follows a day of largely Peaceful Demonstrations all the 500000 people converged on the catalan regional capital in a mass show of support for the politicians they were handed lengthy jail sentences for their role in catalonia has failed independence bids 2 years ago. Turkish president. Says the offensive in northeast syria will resume within minutes if kurdish fighters dont abide by the terms of a cease fire the 5 day truce is largely holding so far but they have been some unverified reports of sporadic fighting a cease fire agreed by the United States and turkey is supposed to allow kurdish led s. T. s fighters to leave areas controlled by Turkish Forces at least 62 people have been killed in an explosion at a mosque in afghanistan the attack happened in the house comino district of the Eastern Province where shippers have gathered in the mosque for friday prayers the explosion caused the buildings roof to collapse injuring dozens more no one has claimed responsibility for the attack. Those are the top stories do stay with us there are techno is coming up next hour more news for you straight after that thanks for watching state of it. To strengthen the good you have to shoulder good all the more with your gum still fight against corruption. This fire needs heroes heroes like no who are about to be refused a 15000000. 00 brian the achievement of heroes like him to showcase by the International Ace award it shines a light on these heroes because the best way to fight a darker use to shine a light lets make the road to bed to place nominate your Anti Corruption mirror now. This is techno a show about innovations that can change lives the science of fighting the fire were going to explore the intersection of hardware and humanity and were doing it a unique way. This is a show about science. Not by scientists. Tonight. Techno in search of the Great American prairie where in the curry state yeah ironically we have such little of that left farming and over development killed it now get ready for this explosion of color and the return of these native van of us how many plants species do you have in here but volunteers trying to bring back one of the planets most complex ecosystems ran into trouble we just needed something to help to level the Playing Field why a certain animal from americas past was needed to pull off the impossible weve just arrived at the end its just a grassland and i. Seeing these bison for the 1st time rita davison is an environmental biologist tonight a trip to the heartland always a baby. Dearest santa maria is a neuroscientist im phil torres im an entomologist the epic drought of 2015 takes a hidden toll. From above these trees may look green and healthy theyre not here we see something thats dramatically different now the technology that can see what we cant. Thats our team im a prairie fire weather now lets do some sun. Hey guys welcome to techno im phil tours joined by Cara Santa Maria maria to davison and say were going to talk to environmental stories and to start off the Great American prairie to me its one of those Iconic Images of how the us used to be unfortunately now its almost entirely just a part of our history yeah theres been a lot of over development of farming and a suburban explosion thats really taken a toll on a lot of prayer ecosystems illinois has been extremely hard hit its changing but theres been a big change in the landscape there yet this is happening across the United States but i got to say what i really love about this story is that theres a bit of us west so there is i want to give anything away so lets go about 90 miles outside of chicago where theyre bringing back a little piece of history its kind of a big piece of history ok a big piece of history to go on. Youre looking at a 3500. 00 acre experiment in a growing field in known as restoration ecology. This is the new choose the grasslands preserve in Franklin Grove illinois 90 miles west of chicago where the Nature Conservancy is rolling back time 200 years to restore a tall Grass Prairie that was almost extinct. Were in the curry state yeah ironically we have such little of it left at the time of european settlement about 2 thirds of the state some 2025 1000000 acres in the state was tall Grass Prairie we have less than 1100th of one percent of the Native Prairie that still intact. The mission is being overseen by 3 illinois and natives jeff walk director of science for the Nature Conservancy project director bill kleiman and restoration ecologist Cody Considine. It was a vast landscape of dominated by those grasses but the real diversity of the prairie was in the wild flowers the forms the broadly plants and thousands of species of insects and dozens of birds and mammals and reptiles called the prairie home along with the animals like the bison. What was once this bass landscape across much of illinois has been virtually eliminated and turned into the corn belt. But illinois isnt alone since the late 1900 prairie grasslands across the United States have been steadily vanishing. Ive heard grasslands and general referred to as the unheralded counterparts of the rain forest and grasslands have a Critical Role in terms of Climate Change as well in a prairie most of that carbon a stored in the soil and so its very secure for very long term storage a soil organic matter in essence the plants of the tall grass prarie absorb Carbon Dioxide trapping it in their deep roots. The restoration began in 1906 growing from a small plot of remnant prairie land that had never been farmed. And starting with fire the process hasnt changed much in 30 years. Its completely fire dependent without fire we could not have pretty the vegetation grows more vigorously most species of plants have a season of more intense blooming right after if you do the 1st year the 2nd year after a fire no one knows that transition better than restoration ecologist Cody Considine. You were standing in what looks to me at least 2 very different types of areas what happened here so yes or right in the line of 2 different progress or. Sions the one right here was planted 2 years ago and the one behind us was planted 3 years ago and so over seeing is as these prairie restorations get older more plants emerge they get more mature theyre flowering so theyre quite dynamic how many plant species do you have in here for this particular plane and i believe we had 130 species ranging from theres a native western sunflower this is a coral species we have rattlesnake master here we have grassley and goldenrod here theres been a neck in a show here a paper book on foot already flowered. All those bloomers started here all right so this is the seed room. Project director bill kleiman well you might think that the prairie stude would find its way out into these former cornfields but it doesnt walk very fast so we would have to wait millennia whereas we can collect the seed from the remnant prairies bring it out to a cornfield that were retiring planted and itll grow year do you have a sense of how many seeds you in the volunteers here have planted over the years about 250 species a year so its its millions and millions of c. Conventional wisdom was to plant 10 pounds of seeds breaker but bill ordered 50 pounds and the fields blossomed none of that would be possible without a core of volunteers like jay stacey. So what are you cutting today this particular 4 bit is called perth coreopsis scientific name coreopsis pomade how long have you been doing this ive been doing this is my 21st year. Im a prairie bar where. All the tall grass planting was a little too successful. We just needed something that help to level the Playing Field. What they needed was something to thin out the grass. Like an enormous vacuum the solution not a dyson but a herd of bison. A posse of 800 pound grazing machines. Weve just arrived at the ussa grassland and im seeing these bison for the 1st time and i feel like ive just been transported back 15200 years its its pretty its pretty remarkable to see these enormous animals that were almost wiped out from north america all theres a baby theres a little one 0 a couple of. Bison have been part of the vision for the project since the very beginning but its taken us close to 30 years to be able to put together enough of a landscape where it was a practical consideration for us. To. These iconic bison were the missing link for a massive restoration of this endangered tall Grass Prairie run by the Nature Conservancy. Would you say that they have been a Game Changing factor here. As these animals are going to make a difference on this prairie. I hitched a ride with misuse of project director bill kleiman and restoration ecologist Cody Considine to track down the bison in their 500. 00 acre grazing area. The wire the bison so important to the restoration process bison 8 grass and there the disturbances theyre creating puts diversity on the landscape as they graze the nutrients are going in one of them is coming out the back and they are getting a very quick Nutrient Cycling on the prairie. Those bison patties are spreading seeds and fertilizing the soil whats the average weight of a full size bison with a coach can range from 800 to 1100 pounds and the balls as they mature they can get up to 2000 pounds massive so how many bison do we have on them on the reserve 30 adults and 16 calves the calf was just born last week a little tiny want to get easily pick it up its pretty exciting to think about the calf being born an illinois prairie that hasnt happened for probably 200 years. What happened to bison here there was a tremendous slaughter of bison in the 870880 s. Jeff flock is the chief scientist for the illinois chapter of the Nature Conservancy. As estimated by the turn of the 1000s there were probably 4021000 animals that had persisted out of that massive herd of 30 to 60000000 is close to extinction its absolutely closely extinction there was definitely a market for the hides for the meat also part of it is that it was encouraged by the u. S. Government as a strategy to help reduce the food supply for the native americans in the conflict with the native american peoples its estimated there are about 400000 bison now in north america. But most of those mice and were bred with cattle for meat production only about 20000. 00 are pure american bison. That genetic line dates back to 913 when 14 bison from the bronx zoo were trucked to Wind Cave National park in south dakota at the behest of teddy roosevelt. So when it was time to bring bison to choose they looked for a posse with the wind gave lineage. Going. To want to broken grassland another Nature Conservancy preserve in northwest. When i was in the october 24th team and brought back 20 animals with us we were essentially separated off the animals that we were going to bring back to illinois make sure that they were how to clean bill of health. 7 of the females we strapped g. P. S. Collars onto so that we can get near real time movements of the animals tracking those movements with the g. P. S. Collars is Julian Brockman a bison researcher at Southern Illinois university. What kind of data are you receiving so were getting Location Information a g. P. S. Point on a map every hour 24 hours a day so can you show me what youve been seeing sure these are the bison locations for yesterday they seem to be spending a lot of time along their corral and trap pressure and i can corroborate that because we were there and we saw them there so what would you say is the ultimate goal of your study having man amount of data really changes how we look at their movements and their selection it helps to understand what type of habitat theyre like for reintroductions in the future. Among the 2 dozen scientists doing research at the choose is dr holly jones a conservation biologist at Northern Illinois university with her team shes traveling in tagging small mammals to assess the impact of the big bison. The completely restoration ecologist playground i get so excited about this field say lets see if im one of them and. There it is small mammals are food for aerial predators things like hawks things like owls and so its really important to know how theyre doing to be able to say how the person doing as a whole and thats because if the small mammals are tasty enough to become good prey theyre feasting on a healthy environment of insects and plants. What do you see since bison have been introduced weve had. 13 lying around the world which was very surprising the line of evidence is pointing towards a shift in Community Compositions and there are different plots of land that have been restored at different times and all the way back to 20 years ago we can look at a plot of land like this that was restored 40 years ago and were going to plot of land over there that was restored 6 years ago and one sees and look at how restoration progresses. Through. How we think improves science and some way. You can when you go there is. Less than a year since the bisons arrival the Environmental Impact is subtle some changes to plant growth and small animal populations but the biggest change may be on humans. For a very connected to this herd they still feel like these are their bodies and this is such a cool thing that weve returned this iconic mammal to illinois its exciting. I got to say i love when you guys bring stuff back from the field especially from someplace as iconic as tall grass per summery what did you bring us at 1st till you got to stand up ok ill tell you are about 62 ok so here is a tall grass from the tall grass player that is some tall grass stalk i mean i was literally swimming in this stuff you know this is amazing this is part of the vegetation were taught in this is what the bison munch on this is thats exactly what they munch on this is what the bison were brought in to help control i could not see just. Now these are little seed pods they look like Musical Instruments but theyre seed pods of some of the vegetation on the prairie that are nice willing to like it and this is what theyve been using to replant some of the native vegetation and then when this this is the last piece of the puzzle this is a bison for any way. That surprisingly soft yet and. Can see theres stuff in there arrows a lot of stuff in here so you can see really easily how bison would be dispersing you know these these little seed these large sea disperses across the prairie or does even come to shave like a bicycle when i was looking at that footage i was blown away by the color in the prairie the biodiversity the flowering plants and i wonder if a lot of people have that preconceived notion that nothing grows that they would if i told you kara that along with tropical rain forests prairie lands and other grasslands are the most biodiverse complex ecosystems in the world would you believe me. I mean i believe you because you are an expert its right its its totally true but it does hold my mind and i thought it was really interesting to learn how important the prairie land is here in america for you know this big claim that change problem that were all facing these these grasses and these different plants actually act as a kind of a carbon sink dont they they really do the bulk of the plants in the prairie are not above ground theyre underground because thats how they survive fire they actually are a big factor in storing carbon yeah and that really does feed into the very next story read until you guys tag teamed a little verify both from this guy and from the ground you know i got to see california forests from an airplane like no other and while you were in your flying laboratory i was on the ground seeing the reality of trees and whats taken him down. Is so epic its so out of the norm that we actually dont have the answer to what can we expect long term californias epic drought. Reservoirs are near empty farmers herding and its forests are flame are under attack by opportunistic coasts so were seeing tree mortality all over the landscape but in order to understand these changes to forests scientists must 1st assess their health. Using field officers and airplanes we have the most advanced airborne Remote Sensing package that i know of on earth today for over a decade ecologist greg as never has been monitoring the health of forests around the world in an aircraft called the carnegie airborne observatory techno profiled his work mapping the amazon in a previous episode this time we joined him on his latest effort to map drought plagued california forests in his tricked out door need to 28. In the back of the aircraft are unique sensors designed to take measurements of the forest canopy while the plane flies over it were flying over about 8000000. 00 trees per hour one of these instruments is known as light our this instrument is a laser system that fires 2 lasers out of the bottom of the plane in a pattern that image is the forest canopy over at everett is that we fly over in 3 d. What the instruments do is provide us a very accurate very unique way of understanding the amount of carbon stored in californias forests if you dont put carbon in forests then it ends up in the atmosphere and that contributes to Climate Change the plane is also equipped with a pair of spectrometers used to detect the chemical composition of trees it was time for takeoff where we going today today were heading out pretty close to the oregon border where we have a lot of force thats unknown in terms of its drought stress and with that we were off from the air we could see reservoirs in rivers clearly depleted of water lake shasta reservoir thats right its a lot of water policy when you see walk approach but the forest canopy actually looks pretty green but they could look like theyre pretty good shape of california spores are drought stressed today by lawsuits about most of these forests are in trouble back at the lab as theres team got to work analyzing all the data. Thats where tech news phil torres picks up the story say you did a flight with merida these are the results and looking at the cockpit it looked green but here we see something thats to radically different and what you see we see that the forest is varies from what we would consider pretty average conditions in the yellows and blues up there down to areas that looks severely drought stricken in red next we looked at an area where the drought stress was more acute so this is from Los Padres National forest this is what it looks like when you fly over gray green looks like your typical southern cal forest. This is what it looks like in chemical detail those trees are doing ok but Everything Else is showing severe drought stress and thats showing here in red now that we have the view from above we decided to head out for a boots on the ground perspective im standing here in the middle of Los Padres National forest and as you could tell from all the dead trees behind me theres plenty of evidence of the impact of a multiyear drought one of the biggest problems here a bug that attacks water stressed pine trees. And now were talkin owes a bunch of tom coleman is an entomologist with the u. S. Forest service a lot of dead trees right here yeah this is a nice will active spot of bark beetle. Barbadoes kill more trees than any other kind of insect or disease in north america then you just look across the landscape and you see this kind of patchwork of dead trees mortalities quite dramatic this tree here is full of thousands of bark beetles does that mean that all the trees around here are now susceptible right now from what ive seen its just basically across the entire landscape have you ever seen this but not here in california. So just 10 minutes where were looking at the devastation caused by the pine beetles and now we are here and you can see the damage done by forest fires and theres a lot going on here so even though the wildfires actually gone through an area and cause major mortality it will still see bark beetles coming in afterwards scientists studying our forest are concerned about the impacts from drought not just in california but also around the world now what were starting to worry about is whether these droughts are somehow all interrelated in length of a global scale to suit a lot of force of the world or in trouble droughts putting pressure we dont know exactly how much of the Global Forest cover is at risk but we were in the process now of finally getting the measurements we need to make those predictions. The scientists that are studying these things they can say heres the problem but their hands are tied they all they can do is wait for the drought to be over for only you know to pass and try to influence management and policy they need to get the data into the right hands i think thats the plan that has to get into the hands of managers and Decision Makers so that they can actually implement changes and whether were talking about managing americas grasslands or americas forest and one thing is for certain that if we have healthy ecosystems we will eventually have a healthier climate absolutely and thank you for the story today guys know from prairie being restored by bison to forest being decimated by beetles one things for sure its a complex ecosystem out there but theres a lot of scientists working hard on it thats it for now well see you next on your own techno dive deep into these stories and go behind the scenes at aljazeera dot com slash techno follow our expert contributors on Twitter FacebookInstagram Google plus and more. Hello that touches have been steadily coming down across areas of the middle east is quite a bit of travis been streaming out from west to east in the few hours we will actually have the potential we had through the weekend mostly dry on saturday but about 37 celsius in baghdad 27 m. Beirut and we could see a few showers with this sort of mass here across. Areas of turkey but its really sunday that we see this a bank of tab becoming more extensive in pushing for the very widely scattered showers across much of turkey pushing into areas of iraq iran as well right there down to. Baghdad 33 on sunday so really feeling much better than it has been of late and those temperatures again continuing to sort of come down and steady across the mid thirtys throughout much of the Arabian Peninsula even a few showers reported day into doha sunday is a similar sort of story again weve got in the mid thirtys and the humidity levels are beginning to come down and sort of same time and then we have got the. Book over the next couple of days is a stream of cloud just to work its way to east of cape town. Of any range and very woman johannesburg at 35. 00. Cannot deal with poverty unless you deal with the gap you disallow i disagree with that toy this sounds like blaming the public because a treat for the personnel of the i mean anybody these people are well trained as much a part of a part of the Islamic State machinery as ive been very good friends from origin of Popular Culture teachers join me many are such as i put up from questions to my special guests and challenge them to some straight talking political debate. Aljazeera every weekly news cycle brings a series of breaking stories joined by listening post as we turn the cameras on the media and focus on how they report on the stories that matter the most on aljazeera. And taylor not on the top stories on our syria lebanons Prime Minister saad hariri has given rival groups in his government 72 hours to unite and get behind his economic reform plans he addressed the nation amid mass protests across the country over Economic Conditions and political paralysis at least 2 people have died during the demonstrations sara hire at this report. Gunfire in northern lebanon. Bodyguards to a former politician apparently opening fire in the city of tripoli the shooting goes on for a while. And the injured off very soon hospital. Moments later. Protesters burned down a bus station owned by the politician was tension too in the lebanese capital beirut was holds for revolution and bring down the system are being echoed across the country was never nice from all walks of life protesting on mass for a 2nd day fed up they say with the high costs of living and demanding a change of leadership here today thats what our rights that country is what i meant that garbage and all over the green grass fed up with all this white here for the future of our kids theres no future for god no job at all and this is not acceptable anymore we have stood up for a lot of time and now its time to talk protestors blocks major roads forcing parts of the capital to come to a standstill. Security forces and protesters scuffled on the main road to the airport years of crippling economic crisis has left many lebanese struggling to make ends meet made worse by political upheaval in the cost of caring for one and a half 1000000 Syrian Refugees who fled the war. The latest protest began on thursday against government plans to charge users of the Whatsapp Messaging Service the outcry forced the government to quickly scrapped that plan but the anger has turned into a nationwide protest against the dire state of the economy. 7 on has the 3rd largest debt in the world more than one and a half times its g. D. P. Banks Russian Foreign currency last month and the government declared a state of emergency but none of the moment a lot of we want the downfall of the regime all the way from the top of the pyramid we are hungry we are dying we are tired. The government has announced it will no longer impose new taxes Prime Minister saad and heidi the canceled fridays Cabinet Meeting saying his efforts to bring in much needed reforms have been repeatedly blocked by others in government but. I am giving our partners in the government a very short deadline 72 hours to give us a solution that can convince us and the people in the streets and our International Partners but some protesters see the climb down as too little too late. Aljazeera bylane protests are taking place in barcelona after hundreds of thousands of people descended on the city in a show of support for 9 jailed catalan separatist Leaders Police fired rubber bullets at several 100 protesters who surrounded the National Police headquarters and set fire to the streets the arm rest follows a day of largely Peaceful Demonstrations more than 500000 people converged on the catalan regional capital in a massive show of support for the politicians. Turkish president richard one says the offensive in northeast syria will resume within minutes if kurdish fighters dont abide by the terms of the cease fire a 5 day truce is largely holding so far there have been some unverified reports of sporadic fighting smoke has been seen in the border town of ras and throughout friday at least 62 people have been killed in an explosion at a mosque in afghanistan the track happened in the house can mean a distrait to the east and 9 the heart province where shippers had gathered in the mosque for friday prayers explosion caused the buildings roof to collapse injuring dozens more. Over the top stories do stay with us head to head is coming up next more news for you after that thanks for watching 5 now. The world watched as Nelson Mandela head of the African NationalCongress Party the a. N. C. Should south africa out of apartheid and into a democratic era were here. To tell the nation the beard. Which it. Can be proud of. But while the new constitution guarantees equal rights to all after 25 years of a. N. C. Rule south africa is now the most unequal country. Critics say one common denominator looms large corruption. My guest tonight has played a key role in south africas modern history. From the time fighting apartheid to her role as south Africas Deputy president. And speaker of the national assembly. Presided over what is being called the period of chaos in. The know the details. On a number of my name my you out. So has the a. N. C. Betrayed mandelas legacy or will new president Cyril Ramaphosa set it back on the right track i made the house and ive come here to the oxford union to go head to head with a how successfully she thinks the a. N. C. Transition from a Liberation Movement to a ruling party and whether critics are right to say that it demands loyalty to itself above the country. Ill also be joined by Andrew Feinstein former South African politician and author of off to the party a personal journey inside and see hes. Director of corruption watch u. K. The cozy codes are known as an Anti Corruption politician who resigned from the and c. In 2017 after calling for then president zuma to step down and call on the founder of south Africa Business abroad and member of the a. N. C. Ladies and gentlemen please welcome mr blecher and better. Returning from exile and betty became secretary general of a. N. C. Womens league and rose to the ranks of the African National congress to become one of the partys top 6 but. I. Its been 25 years since the end of apartheid theres no doubt your country has come a long way in that time but at the same time the sad reality many would say is that the past decade of a. N. C. Rule has been a lost and wasted decade hasnt no because for me even every difficulty and. Every feel is a lesson and therefore an opportunity to do better so it hasnt been a lost decade you know because thats the view of several rama poso the current a. N. C. President of south africa called it a lost and wasted decade i dont agree but it isnt just the president who said others have gone much further than him Nelson Mandela foundation has talked about the systematic looting that has taken place in south africa Archbishop Desmond tutu said as far back as 2011 that the a. N. C. Was quote worse than the apartheid government because he said at least you were expecting it with the apartheid government its pretty damning. And they remember that moment when the shop said that and when we need team he doesnt really sound like that im saying needy. Wrong things have happened yes people have done wrong things but that doesnt mean its on lost its all the a. N. C. Will be remembered for fighting for racial equality. But in economic terms when we talk about inequality the World Bank Says that south africa today is the most unequal nation on earth thats a pretty embarrassing title for your country to hold as a must see it is very harsh but i wonder whether its not an exaggeration i really think that we must see both good and bad it can be said by the world bank the world bank is not god and therefore just because they have said it i mean to be there is not between god and the world its like those are extremes. There are an institution of study of all im not sure they are some south africa they are all human beings and your country came bottom theyre not human beings i dont know you know if that their verdict is now i dont believe so and we must keep improving on what we discover is the weakness that we have is corrupt and one of those big weaknesses corruption is one of the reasons why we have the commission that is going on where we are saying let it all come out because we need to know what is wrong how wrong it is who did what youre writing like you were a passer by or an observer you were in the thick of all of this you know in the a. N. C. You were the chair you were the speaker in parliament you were the Deputy President this happened on your watch these questions so for example back in 2017 your n. C. Colleague provin gordon was sucked as finance minister by then president jacob zuma he said at the time 152250 1000000000 rand or 11. 00 to 15000000000. 00 us dollars had been looted from the state why didnt you speak out at the time and join with him to call out that looting hours right maidie and we were discussing this. Issues every t. At that time with seized with them that is why we decided we need for these things to be investigated and we need for it to happen publicly in the open so that we get to know what exactly is the problem youre removing that no one knew anything that were just discovering this not the state capital whats called state capture in south africa this idea that associates of the president and other powerful people took over Utility CompaniesEnergy Companies state institutions that happened in full view of everyones eyes actually know what things were not happening in view of everybody finance minister there are many issues im learning for the 1st time in the past few months in terms of corruption in terms of how bad things were something that happened we dont need an investigation because ive been lots of investigations was the scandal involving then president zuma zona state. Homestead when nearly 23000000. 00 us dollars or 246000000. 00 round of taxpayers money was spent on what president zuma described a security upgrades which included a Swimming Pool and an amphitheater im curious what kind of security was the Swimming Pool providing the van president of south africa where a minister was in charge of that investigation and in his view that was not as we mean this is the Police Minister the president there then that he put out a video to Classical Music in which he described the Swimming Pool as a Fire Prevention measure. He did. Thats the report to you and you accepted that