Transcripts For ALJAZ Balfour Seeds Of Discord 20240714

And turkish troops or just the u. S. Troops patrolling on their own the Turkish Defense minister believes that at least the opening of this joint Operations Center is a significant step on the way to getting the safe zone up and running one of the. Most this is a joint operation since it has been established fear they continue the with the flu on august 14th and now as of 4 30 pm we have a joint helicopter the helicopter including both americans and members of our armed forces is now in the year the 1st flight has started Syrian Regime forces are now pushing against the last of the major rebel held area in Northern Syria thats been the province and as they do that more internally displaced syrians fleeing the fighting yet again and theyre heading north towards the turkey syria border as many as half a 1000000 people heading that way according to the u. N. Turkey is not going to let those refugees in and it doesnt want them amassing along the border that is why turkey wants to get this saves own up and running as quickly as possible the challenge for the turks is how big a star state saves on going to be they want it 30 kilometers into syria the americans want a much narrower save zone a much the turks wanted a lot deeper because they also want to push back the Syrian Kurdish fighters they consider them allied to terrorist. Turkish kurdish groups in turkey the americans though working with the syrian kurds and they dont want them pushed as far back still ahead on the bulletin counting the population and kenya and to sex people are being recognized for the 1st time then. Tional census in africa and experts in the u. S. Are investigating a mystery lung disease linked of a thing. Hello Tropical Storm by leumi landfall in south taiwan here it is the massive cloud and edge of your screen the circulation now it might well keep its identity at least for the last 18 hours or so that had so was the coast of china its not so much the wind you need to be concerned about where once again this massive raid has already given hard for me to at least in Southern Thailand could produce pretty widespread flooding i think from for joseph was towards hong kong this general area now the rest of china spot the rain with the exception of shanghai there isnt a lot theres still plenty of motion to come out of the sky that may well spread back through ground all towards you now during monday increase the likelihood of flash flooding here but otherwise the pictures for the drive in shanghai looks trouble this time and again given whats happening here with this cloud yes its produced some heavy rain in the northern philippines and it will do so too still in north and is on for days so its a much quieter picture throughout indonesia its a pretty dry picture as it should be increasing number of showers seem not to develop over the on the borneo and catch all the parts of philippines and equally look at bangkok and sudden thailand typically hard to see because its looking very wet again. The weather sponsored by chance out at once. Aljazeera explores prominent figures of the 20th century and how rivalries influenced the course of history steve jobs a much better marketeers than bill gates for years like really bad stuff bill made software what it is today will change the world to high tech visionaries whose breakthroughs inspired the digital revolution jobs and gates face to face on aljazeera. I mean theres a problem and the top stories this hour leaders of the worlds 7 biggest economies have gathered in the french seaside town of be our friends worries over the global trade looks set to dominate the agenda of the 3 day 27 summit. Where hundreds of new fires are raging in the amazon rain forest in brazil 6 of the 9 states in the region have a question military assistance to combat the blazes the president said allah says hes sending tens of thousands of troops to help and israel says its carried out airstrikes against Iranian Forces near syrias capital damascus syrian state t. V. Has reported that air Defense Systems intercepted hostile targets over the city. Now riot police have fired tear gas and charge protesters with in hong kong following a tense standoff which lasted for several hours the latest violence occurred after a march console court smart lampposts which is surveillance fears the protests took place outside a Police Station and Shopping Mall with demonstrators setting up makeshift barricades in hey has more from hong kong. After a week when the police in hong kong appeared to adopt a different tactic seemingly standing back allowing the protest to happen without intervention on saturday it seemed that they were in no mood to muck around the riot police very quickly moving into this area of cow loon to clear the protest is a way using tear gas the day it started peacefully there was a march through this part of cow loom the protesters had asked police for permission for their march to take place the permission was granted by the police but as we have seen before a large group of the protesters then broke away approached a Police Station near the roots of. The march erecting barricades that the that we have seen them do so many times before and it seems that when the police lost patience and formed up and thats when the cold and patience again which lasted perhaps one to 2 hours this came on a day when carey lamb the chief executive of hong kong someone whom the protesters want to resign held who 1st round of dialogue with representatives from different sections of society in hong kong around 28 representatives of different sections of Hong Kong Society met with her to start the process of dialogue the ultimate aim to end this crisis but crisis but significantly there were no protests leaders who were involved in those talks in the protests or they show no sign of dying down. Now north korean state media says kim jong un has overseen the test of a super large multiple Rocket Launcher off its east coast but south koreas military says it only appears to be too short range Ballistic Missiles that were fired from sandakan South Province it is the 7th such test in a month amid staus denuclearization talks between north korea and the us. Now indian opposition natives say the situation in the disputed kashmir region is clearly not normal the latest 4 turned back on arrival at srinagar airport there were protests in the city on friday afternoon fez jimmy reports from the capital of india that minister to mean. That the protesters in srinagar throwing stones the response from Indian Security forces tear gas and pellet guns. From the protests began at one mosque where friday prayers have taken a defiant tone this month since the readers autonomy was revoked by new delhi one of the few ways locals have to vent their frustrations. The restrictions have been imposed on the use of the internet and mobile phones and theyre finding it difficult to move around the city and beyond the years subsequent sees it was levis doing so youre going to be like our this is a bad scene for almost 3 weeks weve been under the restrictions and were not happy about it. Autonomy and put us on to coffee what no one is going on out of the neighborhood. Unlike in previous weeks security was tightened on fridays to curtail potential unrest. Whether restrictions are eased or reimpose for friday prayers protests have followed and this time is no exception and its not just restrictions thats angering locals its a long term consequences of the region losing its autonomy one consequence of that is that people from outside indian administered kashmir can now buy property whereas before you had to be a permanent resident. Many here worry that will change the makeup of the region will dismiss a head full of people who would not solenn to outside i dont think but if you see how the government i think it has put us under control they might try to make colonies of outsiders here that would change the demographic if thats what they want is. Some analysts say thats in line with the governments hindu nationalist ideology falsely erroneous notion raised they have been selling to their people that is the birth place off. And they have to reclaim. What they will do forcibly type model false a believe they will make settlements and be. Tough but Indian Government Officials Say the removal of fish mirrors autonomy will Bring Development to the region but thats not how many of the people here see the situation and the protests are likely to continue as jimmy aljazeera indeed administered kashmir. Now speaking at the airport to the. Opposition Congress Party the expressed has been of a not being allowed to leave the airport and visit the city. Oh do you see the government has invited me you know the governor said theyre getting ready. And government the government is doing everything. To have everything is normal while you no longer its really surprising. I mean you know were not going to we want. Any you know we did before for ive been with people who are going to be more. Now kenyans have been ordered to stay at home on saturday and sunday as the government carries out a census it is the 1st in africa to recognize and to sex people of physical caste characteristics that dont fit the typical definitions of male or female malcolm web reports now from the capital nairobi the thing that i really james kuranda has tried to kill himself 3 times when he was born it wasnt clear to doctors or his parents if he was male or female and so he says a childhood of misery began but he says some things have since improved for intersex people here in kenya the government is now conducting a census is the 1st in africa to recognize intersex people turn it into typical males and females there was a real. Interest and children are being killed most of these children cannot even access simple Government Services then there was a need. To have policies that put onto. Another group to be recognized for the 1st time in this census of people with albinism its now listed as a disability we are excited because it will make us to count. It will make us to be seen to be kenyans it is valid its us that we are actually our demographic but weve been there most of the current population. The government hopes most of the data can be collected in 2 evenings so. Before you move in the last census 10 years ago some officials were accused of rigging politics in kenya who are often contested along tribal lines and census data determines the allocation of state resources and we are. Trying to do some funny games asking people to move this way. We are watching you will. You meet with the law collecting accurate data is a challenge about 10000000 kenyans and their magic herders who regularly cross borders to neighboring countries millions more live in slums like this one is no official list of addresses so the government has ordered bars and pubs to close and told everyone to stay home and wait for the enumerators to come and knock at the door. And push the Data Collection takes days processing it takes much longer will disown her sons national. Results might contain some surprises or be contested kenyans will have to wait months to find out malcolm webb aljazeera nairobi kenya. Now one person has died in the us off to developing a severe lung disease which Health Officials suspect is linked of a thing it would be the 1st such case if confirmed the patient was one of almost 200 people being treated for an unexplained respiratory illness reported use of cigarettes the devices used to inhale vaporized nicotine or cannabis in a sometimes used as an aid to quit smoking that scientists are divided on how safe a thing is this individual had significant severe respiratory illness and died while hospitalized to have been. In past years and has reported. Severe outcomes related to maybe. But with this investigation yes the 1st part of it we urge people to use caution and consider avoiding the use of such material. Now but one from video games as a new and booming industry and china thousands of Young Players are competing for millions of dollars in prize money but some finding out that there is also a downside the pressure to stay on top scot high the reports from shanghai. This might look like a hobby or entertainment to many but eastport is taking off globally its about to become a 1000000000. 00 industry here in shanghai site of the international or t. I. The annual championship for online games to the prizes for winners totaling 33000000. 00 breaking the previous record set last month. But as each sport grows so are Health Concerns for these Young Players many are teenagers like kyle gears dorf a 16 year old american who last month picked up 3000000. 00 for coming 1st in the fortnight world cup the highest ever individual win for eastport event. The concerns are for players physical health with the hours and hours of sitting and repetitive motion and also mental given the high stress of big money on the line not to mention millions of people watching each and every move burnout and anxiety are an increasing issue under age eastport betting is also a concern a recent u. K. Study estimates that globally 45 percent of tweets about eastport betting reaches young people below the legal minimum age you know kind of e. G. Is one of the leading companies in china it operates in a similar way to professional Athletic Clubs the players live and train on site one says going pro is not for everyone has hours when you weigh it depends on what your interest and what you are good at if you have the talent and confidence about yourself you can choose a sports otherwise you should spend more time studying e. G. Starts recruiting players at 16 and they reach their prime between 1021. The 2 main factors for choosing good players one is talent the 2nd is hard training where we scout these kids with good talent we are poor why their training e sports fans are not only watching Live Streaming thousands packed the competition for dota 2 paying hundreds of dollars for tickets some in the china eastport industry see competitions growing beyond just being housed in large arenas that are normally used for big athletic events like this one here in shanghai but that eventually theyll become part of International Athletic games and like in a way that is the way i am very confident that the sport will become formal play in asian games or even the olympics this is the trend and this trend is unstoppable. With the potential of esports elevated beyond big money becoming a game of National Pride 3 teams representing their country training in strategy will become even more secretive and intense. Aljazeera showing heart. I dont get on the lens of the problem and the headlines on aljazeera global trade looks set to dominate the g. 7 summit which is underway in the french seaside town of the hour its the trade war between the u. S. And china is being blamed for what could be a Global Economic slowdown many of the World Leaders in attendance are also calling for urgent talks on the wildfires in the gulf in the amazon rain forest and hundreds of new fires are raging in the amazon president says military aircraft and 44000. 00 troops will be made available to fight the flames franson arland have threatened to target brazils economy unless the government does more to protect the amazon trees of. Arrest in the state of mato grosso. What we have seen is a change in strategy from the governmental change in the president s speech from the very beginning the voice credited environmental are going to face and he basically blamed them and fed the big fires that are happening in the amazonas right now because of International Pressure both from the European Union and from activists and others who are forced to change his mind now given now i think that the military getting. Israel says its carried out air strikes need a syrias capital damascus a spokesman for the Israeli Army Says fighter jets struck iranian backed forces preparing to launch a large scale drone attack syrian state t. V. Has reported that air Defense Systems and to set that hostile targets all over the city. Now riot police have fired tear gas and charged protesters with battens in hong kong following a tense standoff lasted for several hours the latest violence occurred after a march against socalled smart lampposts was sparked surveillance fears. North korean state media says kim jong un has overseen the test of a super large multiple Rocket Launcher off its east coast but south koreas military says it only appears to be 2 short range Ballistic Missiles fired from song dog in south providence. So dans new Prime Minister says the country needs 8000000000. 00 in foreign aid to rebuild its economy or talks have started with the International Monetary fund and the world bank about restructuring sudans dead following months of political turmoil well those are the headlines on aljazeera inside stories coming up next. Under fire brazils president deploys the army to contain devastating blazes in the un thats come as criticism from the outside is growing almost demands to say the socalled long use of the world but whats triggered this Natural Disaster and why has it turned political this is still inside story. Hello there a very warm welcome to the program im Julie Mcdonald the green longs of our planet are burning fires across brazils amazon a wiping out huge areas of rain forest theyre burning out of control in many parts at a record rate and official figures szell theres been more than 75000. 00 forest fires in brazil and thats just this year alone if they cant be stopped then we may be in very real trouble and thats because the amazon forest absorbs millions of tonnes of Carbon Emissions every single year and theyre crucial and regulates in Global Warming well this act like map shows all the fires that have been burning in the amazon and the crisis has created a panic amongst environmentalist and even some governments around the globe many are blaming brazils president jabal son aro for not doing enough to stop the blazes Daniel Schwimmer reports from the state of wrong thats one of the worst affected regions. Forest fires happen every year it was ill but it was the shoes scaled. The world the socalled worlds lungs are on fire strong criticism firstly from within brazil and the rest of the world forced president. To respond. Forest fires happen all over the world so this is no reason to impose International Sanctions brazil will continue to be as it is now a country that is friendly with everyone and is responsible in protecting its amazon forest. Hes been accused by many of creating the very conditions hes now trying to control but theres a defiance from the president and resentment from his supporters of other countries telling was ill what to do. Or dont agree that other countries should come here to presume we dont go to other countries to upset them you dont see brazilians theyre causing problems only working to see money home to invest here this is pioneering country distant from brazils made Population Centers also nardo had a message that resonated here. Im 63 years old and im never seen a president as honest as this one who confronts the problems and says what has to be seed is defending brazil these are people who came to tame the forest to cut and burn to carve a future from what they consider to be a wilderness this particular blaze may not be huge but is one of tens of thousands burning across brazil some control some not some illegal some legal whats clear is that few will be investigated but the consequences will eventually be felt around the world. The fires are big put out but whats left is this black and devastation which will take many years to recover. 70 percent of the state of rudolph has already been developed the forested for lucrative timber them burned to create land for cattle rearing and sawyer production the rest is up for grabs and no one it seems is stopping them at the moment if you burn the forest you have backed up by a president and then you do exactly as you want to do because you know nothing will happen and thats a problem and we have seen statistically when there is Law Enforcement fires in deforestation is done when we dont have it because of the fires are still burning but will boast a narrow band on the be heat of International Pressure or bow to the ambition of some his strongest supporters that there are 20 ground on your state north west of brazil. So lets bring in our guests from washington d. C. Andrew miller is advocacy director at amazon watch in sao paolo via skype simoni rosita all is a business woman philanthropist and political commentator and in bristol funen elwood is a Community Ecologist and professor of conservation science at the university of the west of england in bristol a very warm welcome to you all this is a massive subject isnt it is interconnected the local local and global in so many ways so many i want to start with you whats it been like to be inside brazil having conversations with your friends in the Wider Community and seeing this story develop into something much bigger. Well julie it all started on monday afternoon. Ok we are at winter time but its very unusual to have you know dark skies at 3 pm and i lay down that day turns out that the reason why we had that i knew so well. Was because of the fires in the amazon and thats what was the subject and its really has taken over the whole country over the past few days are people in the north of brazil saying that its always been like that for them this time with a year and thats what changed now you had the whole country talking about but you really start the conversation to start and i can see you nodding vigorously there the amazon rain forest right now is being described as being under assault this is the kind of phraseology that were hearing under assault specifically by bolsa naro brazils leader is that fair. Hamazon is absolutely under assault in terms of the policies that both n. R. O. Is carrying out and of course the rhetoric that were seeing and obviously to clarify it didnt start with both scenario there are tendencies in the Previous Administration even before then but those the assault has been really accelerated under both even going back to before he was elected to the discourse that he had not one more centimeter of lands to be titled to Indigenous Peoples you know really supporting many of the economic interests the loggers the miners and of course the very powerful rural east does and then now as president implementing or trying to implement many different policies in terms of lack of enforcement of the existing norms and laws in brazil many of which are very strong and as i think was you know mentioned earlier before the program now when those laws are in force it has a huge impact and can really put down the deforestation but those laws are not being enforced theres a direct effort to weaken those laws before the Brazilian Congress and of course many of the ministers that have been installed bible scenario are climate deniers or the minister of environment who is essentially an environmental criminal so in many ways the policies have been quite horrific and of course the discourse very anti indigenous discourse you know talking about the deforestation numbers that have been coming out the spike in deforestation those numbers as being fake news of course firing the head of the Brazilian Space Agency and then most recently blaming n. G. O. S for having started the fires so i think we can definitely describe this as an assault on the amazon fineman listening to this being described in more political terms from your perspective as a conservationist who of course is in full in diversity in lots of areas a former rain forest across the globe how serious is this from your perspective something that you have long been involved in. Well unfortunately the truth is that this is this is legitimately an ecological catastrophe the fact is that the worlds rain forests and when people describe the most the lungs of the planet they are not the lungs of brazil they are not the lungs of south america the rainforest of Southeast Asia are not the lungs of Southeast Asia they are the lungs of the planet every Single Person on this planet is going to suffer if they cut down the rain forests which are purifying the air and the water in those countries so basically it makes me very unhappy because we work in Southeast Asia but the tropical rainforests the main locations are Southeast Asia and africa and the amazon and they each have different problems but the immediate problem in the amazon are these fires which are burning out of control and this is something which is this coming to our news cameras is why were talking about it now which is a very good thing but the amazon rain forest has been dying slowly for a very long time but almost out of sight out of mind these fires that are happening now and the blackout in sao paulo and the smaug and these apocalyptic images that were now seeing its almost some kind of biblical apocalypse this is now bringing it much more into real time this is happening now today and it will happen tomorrow and the next day and these rain forests cannot be replaced they once they are gone they are gone fine and raises an interesting point simoni who does the amazon belong to you know we hear from both saying you know its not your house on fire its our house on fire we heard it in daniel trying los piece he was talking to one of the farmers who said you know we dont go around interfering in other peoples business why are other people in severe in here so who does the amazon belong to and is there a feeling in brazil that actually there are other countries poking in their noses. Generally let my boss american want. To talk you know he wasnt. Going to talk about what measures were going to be taken you know to draw the fires but at the end he didnt announce anything you just said that the armed forces were going to be sent there but there was a raid norm and he kept talking about the threat of economic sanctions and that was the 1st report of its interest as the amazon fire cannot be an excuse for economic sanctions against iraq when he was starting them so there were people banging pots and pans just like that used to do during that zuma recept government which was about to be breached just you know as a way of sowing the edges of i guess the president and the fact is i think brazilians are 1st of all yes the amazon belongs to brazil but it is global issue you know even for brazil cannot control the fires it is important for their wallets its also i have got to think thats being talked about here is how are their squiers are and the believer in amazonas. Born in maryland as well so what yes if you look at the amazon is our worst but global issue is so better it has to be brought up you know by all the interested parties basically andrew theres a lot of talk right now about holding trade deal simona a mention that there are potential sanctions are you finding ways with the stick rather than the carrot to you know bring brazil into line but i wanted to you know do we need a different sort of policy we do need something more enlightened you know figuring out how to best take care of the amazon and finding a way to encourage whichever brazilian government it is or whichever government anywhere that is a caretaker of one of these spaces. To do it in a way i dont know if we if we have to find a way to pay that country to be that caretaker but is there a some sort of middle ground that isnt about this kind of old world of sanctions and hitting people with a great big stick. Well thats a great question in response to that last question about who does the bird the amazon belong to. In part of the amazon humble hongs to they original people that live there the brazilian and Indigenous Peoples. In many ways its their ancestral territories theyve lived there since long before the brazilian state existed and theyre the ones who are the best defenders of the amazon and in terms of this salt that were talking about earlier the people who are most feeling that assault are Indigenous Peoples and theyre working very hard to defend their territories to protect the amazon to defend the Global Climate but are receiving Death Threats there are people trying to invade their lands lawyers miners and Indigenous Peoples are confronting them so its very important in all of these conversations were not just talking about the brazilian state versus what the french are saying and what other governments are saying Indigenous Peoples need to be central and their voices and their demands really need to lead the responses in terms of the Free Trade Agreements and sanctions and all these other conversations i mean thats very important in part because the amazon is being cut down in order to create. Agriculture land in order to create pastures for cattle much of which is being exported to markets in europe and in other places and so its very important to understand the Global Economics of all this not just not just the climate implications but actually what are complicity is out when i say our as here in the United States of course is a market for many of these products many of the corporations that are the Commodity Traders that are involved in distribute these products are horse humongous Companies Like Cargill Archer daniels midland some of the largest private banks in the world are heavily invested in these Industries Bank of america citi bank among others and enormous Investment Funds like black rock and so its really important to understand also who are some of the economic actors that are benefiting ultimately from the deforestation thats going on the assault on the amazon. And yes i think the Free Trade Agreements i dont know if not signing a Free Trade Agreement can be considered a sanction but you know we need to be very careful about that in you know and i think it is important in the car the conversations around europe also here in the United States after both came and visited with donald trump in march and theres been some conversations as as of late in recent weeks about the idea of a u. S. Brazil Free Trade Agreement and personally i think thats incredibly problematic especially in this context and especially given the vision that both the auto has for the amazon i dont think the United States should be involved in that vision farnan you were nodding vigorously at the mention of course of the people that you come into contact with and work with a lot of the Indigenous Peoples who protect their lands you understand the patterns of the ecology and the nature and how important it is and then you will someone like me who had you know soya milk in their coffee this morning and i have every morning and i have hardwood furniture and to some degree i am a consumer like many of us are responsible partly for whats happening in the amazon but i wonder how do we focus people on this idea that were all complicit when it feels like a personal level its very hard to do anything when these big corporations and banks and hedge funds are involved so much further up the chain so far and what can we do to to focus people. Well i think this this is the kind of heart of the matter if were talking about the rain forest which is a natural phenomenon now the Natural World is created by 2 forces there ecological forces which are the day to day forces when plants and animals wake up they decide what to eat with whom to mate how to pass on their genes there is that theyre also evolutionary forces the balance of nature as as animals and plants interact through millenia through millions of years they produce the rain forest now the humans the Indigenous Peoples that live within the rain forest that evolved within the rain forest and spend their every day of their lives in the rain forest are of course in the best position to be able to protect it but but as we have seen the Market Forces the global economies have now completely stripped them of any power the power lies as as your your other guest was just saying in the hands of these the Hedge Fund Managers the Global Markets and but what is beginning to happen i hope i hope that these images i hope that whats happening with the politicians at the g. 7 summit this this very weekend its coming to the public attention of people like you and me who put soya milk in our coffee or maybe buy hardwood furniture or eat beef burgers it is because its beginning to sort of dawn on people and here in the United Kingdom this summer weve had a lot of protests a lot of Climate Change protest and of course rain forests are linked to Climate Change because they remove c o 2 from the atmosphere it will take each and every single one of us to rise up it cannot be left in the hands of the Rain Forest Alliance of greenpeace and ive seen social media ive seen instagram tweets of people saying that their prayers are with the amazon the amazon needs more than prayers people must stop using hardwood furniture they must stop consuming as much beef. The Free Trade Agreements concerning beef are in the hands of us because we elect the politicians and the reason why politicians are becoming emanuel Boris Johnson the new british Prime Minister i can tell you that the reason why it is now on his agenda is because he wants to be voted in again and its in the hands of the people if we can apply pressure on our politicians they will begin to respond and if it takes the you know the removal of a free trade deal if the brazilians and other countries is the same with oil palm in Southeast Asia if countries are cutting down rain forest to make products to export to the west and that is destroying rain forests and increasing Climate Change if those of us in the west who vote in our politicians stop the consumption the Free Trade Agreements will have to stop it is supply and demand if we remove the demand they must stop the supply simoni on that no do the people of brazil including the Indigenous Peoples many of which are going to be joining marches over the coming days do they feel powerful right now do they feel listened to. Yes finally i am you know boasting that i was elected lest you have received much because of a b. Well larry is a sending the crown 3 people who are fed up with the worst fire to corruption over the past 16 years but also maddow who were so horribly at congress man we. Didnt resent any project after a round of burns he counted on he spied as was her people tired of corruption and thats why he got elected and finally we follow this issue of the fires the namur pieces at langley you pick out because you begin to see people from different belief to go exterior you know xining together its so in a way that i think i think thats really good and i think up there the locals are feeling quite powerful weve always that regards and sat in on that in order to know i have to say that i dont really agree with that soup previous guests and now what they say you know its. Not centers but you know if you if you do draw that demand side of things that you guys all worldwide. Are you know already up at the outlets or. And im wondering andrew where is the biggest leverage i mean there are other voices in the region the colombian president has been talking about moving away from short termism and into reforestation which i know will be music to your ears and fine and so which are the actors you know within central and south america that that can influence this dialogue and what about the rest of the globe and what tone does that conversation need to take. Well i mean obviously a tone of urgency is super important but also i mean really looking at concrete solutions i think youd mentioned earlier kind of what role should other governments and other actors play you know unfortunately there have been some attempts to to to provide support from other actors you have an amazon fund which receives significant funding from the norwegians and from the German Government as sort of a model for potential model for cooperation for support for projects in the amazon but recently those countries essentially withdrew in part because of of tensions with the bulls and administration the new administration wanted to change the structure of the project in the Decision Making essentially wants to centralize the Decision Making with themselves so there there have been expressions of will to support the brazilian government in different kinds of projects. But from the exterior but that the government itself really needs to be willing to support those projects there are a lot of great existing ministries or or entities within brazil you know which is the its the Environmental Police who are really the people who should be going out and working to end any sort of illegal operations around the country so you know i guess International Governments can support should support the existing structures in brazil the people in brazil within the brazilian government who are really trying to do the right thing but in recent years their power and their budgets have been significantly cut but yes i do believe the role of other governments in the region is important in part because they are as on of course exists in 9 countries 2 thirds of that is in brazil but the rest are in 9 their countries significant portions in bolivia and peru in colombia places where there are also fires as was mentioned so a high level of cooperation among. Amazonian countries is very important you know we havent talked at all about china and other companies. Also markets for some of the products so you know those countries need to play a role too we cant just talk about europe and talk about the United States when you talk about other emerging markets that are having a huge effect on whats happening in the amazon whats going on in brazil and elsewhere you know so i think its really a question about political will in many places and hopefully these images going around the world hopefully the protests that were seeing across brazil across the world really this you know this weekend in this coming month there are going to be many protests including potentially more action around the amazon and of course the climate strikes that are happening later on you know the september 20th is the use climate strike right around that time the u. N. Is coming together in new york city that would be a Good Opportunity for Global Leaders to talk about these issues i mean both the narrow apparently is going to go to try and make an address at the United Nations which is going to probably be very controversial in the current context so there definitely are for it to do this the question is does the political will exists to really have these conversations the grassroots uprising that were seeing is very encouraging the fact that we have a lot of authoritarian governments like both like our own government here trump and others is very discouraging because those folks are not likely to want to listen to those kinds of grassroots voices so it sounds to me everybody like its up to all of us a huge thank you to all of our guests today i know its an enormous subject which we could talk about for a long time more thank you so much for joining us and. Fun on elwoods and thank you for watching you can see the program again any time by visiting our website aljazeera adult com for the discussion go to our Facebook Page that facebook dot com forward slash. Story you can of course also join the conversation on twitter our handle is at a. J. Insights so for me today madonna and the whole team here its a great and as a list thanks for watching and for coming. On counting the cost this week we check the pulse of the Global Economy that age a populist government says the independence of Central Banks comes under threat and the other intended consequences of trumps trade off plus the i. M. F. Was on the missteps of brigs its on trade with us counting the cost on aljazeera. They call this bleeding the tree. First substance the world is addicted to now at the center of a global trade war. Its latex it is purest form found in tires phones toothbrushes satellites or mattresses it is an essential element to daily life and so deep in the ivorian forest where you had a book goes from tree to tree scarring them for the precious liquid trump is imposing 200000000000. 00 in tariffs on china the Worlds Largest manufacturer of rubber goods china in response imposes tariffs on synthetic rubber the west produces while in the short term this is bad for african producers in the long run some hope the continent could benefit from this trade war i know where the global trade war and despite falling prices a dope 0 calls rubber white gold at least for now. Millions of people across india miss out on medical but a hospital train is delivering doctors and hugs to those most in need one i want to east india is a lifeline expire on aljazeera. Theres a problem with the top stories on al jazeera global trade looks set to dominate the g. 7 summit which is underway in the french seaside town of berets the trade war between the u. S. And china is being blamed for what could be a Global Economic slowdown many of the World Leaders in attendance are also calling for urgent talks on the wildfires and golf in the amazon rain forest now theres been an explosion in southern beirut apparently caused by a drone our correspondent saying the harder it is joining us on the phone now from beirut for more on this what are you hearing zain are. There was a large explosion in the Southern Suburbs of beirut this is a densely populated neighborhood in the lebanese capital but it is also a hezbollah stronghold as brother official has been quoted as saying that an israeli drone fell in we area and the 2nd one exploded and crashed in the area we dont have any more details because the group field are the Southern Suburbs of beirut the group of course being an iranian ally it has an armed wing which has been engaged in wars with israel in the past that of course also has a political wing with the allies it controls khartoum and and government now this incident just hours after the israeli Army Knowledge ing or claiming responsibility for striking grainy and targets near the syrian capital damascus according to the israeli army could of course are because they were planning an attack. From within syria over the last few days and that is why they carried out the strike so its not the 1st time israel has targeted. In syria the syrian state media a canal ejecting that there was a strike that said that its air defenses was gone the to hostile fire and shot down incoming missiles its clearly regional tensions are quite high just a few days after the United States shows the knowledge that israeli strikes hit iranian weapons the goat in iraq so is the pension between iran and israel spreading across the region undoubtedly there the fear that we could witness greater escalation dana thank you very much for that now that they know how the all the latest on the phone from beverage thank you. Now hundreds of new fires are raging in brazils amazon. In far as 10 president says military aircraft and 44000 troops will be made available to find the planes meanwhile france and ireland have threatened to target brazils economy if the government doesnt do more to protect the amazon has more from cutting pruner thats an Indigenous Territory and state of rondo and here i am a 4 hour river trip to the sea but an hour river which is in the far north west of brazil in the amazon theres smoke in the air theres ashes in the air this is a community that 1st made contact with the outside world made 1st made contact with in 1978 so a very rustic way of life but there are people from this community who have traveled to europe or to United Nations in geneva theyve spoken to the European Union theyve spoken to merkel sore in south america about their conditions here they say that theres a regular incursions into their territory that developers set fires which cannot be controlled quite often and so they are calling for the International Community to put pressure on the job also nardo government to do more to protect these kind of environments they talk about the local municipality working together to protect a way of life which they say is fundamental their relationship with the earth is likely important to their future well being but they are seeing the effects here of the smoke of the ashes of the fires in the amazon. Now riot police and fire tear gas and charge protesters the basons in hong kong following a tense standoff which lasted for several hours the latest violence occurred after a march against socalled smart man paused with a spark surveillance he is. Well those are the headlines on aljazeera do stay with us face to face jobs and gates is coming up next. He and i in a sense grew up together we were within a year of the same age and you know we were kind of naively optimistic and built big company and most of it as rivals but we always retained a certain respect communication including even when he was sacked i got to go out and spend time with steve joel the man of many lives wonderkid level a sort of new age guru of high tech. Bill gates the richest man in the world a relentless achiever fueled by dreams of greatness. To supernovas who synergy and rivalry led to the creation of a binary system with a friendly i dont think they called each other say no its my birthday happy birthday i dont think it was that kind of relationship and microsofts just you know that its mcdonalds the only thing they had in common was having dropped out of school to pursue their vision of your dreams though they never worked in the same company they created an industry together and we have a hippie editor. Gates and jobs the mightiest jewel of the Tech Industry has ever known the epic battle between mac and p. C. Jobs the hippie and gates the geek literally dictated the future of the computer. In the seventys steve jobs and bill gates are still adolescents video games are just starting to appear. Computers still are enormous machines Super Computers that only the Largest Companies can afford a market dominated by the american multinational i. B. M. A native of seattle and son of a well family bill gates enjoys creating computer programs and software during his high school and University Days with his friend paul allen. Bill gates and paul allen they were after harvard and get a Computer Store at the bookstore and Harvard Square there was a magazine Popular Electronics january 1075. 00 and it had a picture of the al tear on the cover that was the gun that was fired the start of the race for them the all to all the dinosaur of posts in the computer whos a rudimentary tool a mix of total switches and flashing lights it is reborn thanks to bill gates and. By creating a programming language for the ultima called basic they provide it with intelligence. Level lucia knowing. The languages thing was what they were passionate about bill gates and paul allens goal in 175 was to dominate the languages business on personal computers thats why they left harvard immediately afterwards in april 900 75. 00 gates and allen start their Company Microsoft the purpose is to sell basic but above all to develop new software for future computers also in 1985 in Palo Alto California another do you steve jobs and Steve Wozniak High School Students who are funds of this new technology also discovered the ultimate h. The start of an epic journey. Steve was now he looked at that altitude for him this was not elegant. Too many chips the thing was too big so immediately what was was doing this head was saying i can design a computer all on one board this would be the one was in jokes of the 1st to succeed in putting all of the components that make a computer hooked onto a single board power supply keyboard and memory all connected to screen the 2 friends had just invented the personal computer making out the one was purely was his idea and it was purely his design but once he showed it to his good friend steve jobs steve is the marketing person that you see. We can make money. But for now the apple one is being manufactured in the jobs family garage. Im pretty much the only person who worked in the car eyes at least on the apple line. Steve jobs was on the phone all the time he was in the kitchen on the phone i was in the garage testing up on boards one year after the founding of microsoft the Apple Computer companies established in april 976 microsoft and apple the 2 pillars of the computer revolution they both. Believe that computers were not just important but crucial. And. And yet they had a very different way of going after it jobs was coming from hardware and and gates was coming at it from software and that was so they came at it from 2 Different Directions but they both. Were very strong minded men who believed they were they were changing the world. While bill gates continues to develop his basic the Silicon Valley do you will push ahead Steve Wozniak develops the apple 2 steve jobs looks for investors so that he can grow his young company. Impressed by jobs Angel Investor mike market invests 250000. 00 in apple which expands and moves to cupertino where its headquarters are still located today. The how many calculators you ought to marry and you have to use the Automatic Bank telling machines short so life is already seducing you into learning the stuff and its certainly not an 8984 ish biz vision at all its just going to be very gradual and very human in will seduce you into learning how to use it jobs and was unveiled their new computer in the spring of 1977 at the computer fair in San Francisco the apple 2 is a smash hit. The apple 2 was a huge that it was actually really the 1st all usable personal computer the apple 2 always you know i always thought it was magical because you could do almost anything you thought of if he were creative enough the apple to the 1st personal computer designed for the general public the sales are phenomenal it in bodies the computer revolution but it has a serious handicap and the person who has the solution is bill gates was the acro version of basic but it wasnt. Completely up to date that was a certain aspect of it that wasnt in there so they began looking around for another version of basic that ran on that ship that the apple 2 used and microsoft was a company that had it so they got in touch with bill gates