Transcripts For ALJAZ The World According To AI P1 20240714

Were killed and others injured. The attack is similar to another 3 months ago when suspected dog unarmed men killed 160 felony villages in August Saguenay near the border with the kenya fassel. Mali president abraham day because kater held a minutes silence for the victims during an official visit to switzerland and at this moment a thought for those who once more have fallen on the motorist bullets an unjust and cowardly act in the country felonies on a matic herders who move in search of fodder for their cattle villages resent them invading their farmland and those disagreements often turn violent. There are 13000 Un Peacekeeping troops in mali to protect people from armed groups linked to al qaeda increasingly theyre dealing with fighting between neighboring villages the United Nations system in mali is mobilizing to provide humanitarian assistance to help people affected the mission also provided air support this morning in support of the mali and government to prevent future a further attacks there if it is the intercommunal conflict is escalating this year has seen some of the deadliest incidents of Ethnic Violence in mali in a generation the attack in march led to several military commanders being sacked but many molly and say the government and u. N. Forces need to do much more to stop the bloodshed Victoria Gate and be al jazeera. 90 people are being killed in the attack in the king offensive as well it happened in the northern town of into the identity of the attackers is still unknown groups have killed hundreds in recent months forcing 150000 people to flee their homes. Also sudans protest leaders have to continue their general strike which is now in its 3rd day businesses are shutting down in a show of defiance against the military genter the opposition has rejected the legitimacy of a military investigation into the killing of Peaceful Protesters a lebanese business men arrested in iran 4 years ago and accused of being in the american spy has been reportedly freed and it is on is on his way to lebanon this are a sucker who has u. S. Residency was detained in 2015 while visiting iran for a conference was sentenced to 10 years in prison is released comes as tensions remain high between iran and the u. S. But irans judiciary says zach is release is purely a legal matter and has nothing to do with politics. We received a request from the zarko for his release because of his Good Behavior the president ministration supported his release after the lebanese president has blasted ported mr zucker to release his short of that he would not commit any further criminal acts the Court Finally issued a conditional release order all these procedural carried out according to the purely judicial procedure and the subject is not linked to any political file or Exchange File another must protest as planned in hong kong as politicians debate a new extradition law prodemocracy leaders surrounded the Legislative Council president will be chairing that debate and to long says that hes aiming to put the bill for a vote in one days time now an estimated 1000000. 00 marchers took part in sundays rally to protest against the bill the citys leader warned companies and businesses that theyre encouraging employees to join wednesdays planned rally. And in hungary salvage teams have recovered 4 bodies from the wreckage of the sightseeing boat which sent 2 weeks ago a floating crane is lifting the vessel from the danube river in budapest 19 south korean tourists and how gary and crewman were also previously confirmed killed after their vessel collided with a larger cruise boat those were the headlines of course you follow those stories on our website at aljazeera dot com and back with more news in half an hour next on our its the big picture stay with us. Over the next kind of length of a pint or so i will talk to you i guess about ai and what. This is actually meant i also believe and this is a dollar. They are subsistence farmers and they live in a village in yemen al bayda province. In september of 2012 an american drone hit a shuttle of shoppers going to market killing 12 civilians and absolutely 0 militants. Youre. This is the knowledge job or during the celebrations for the wedding of his eldest son is brother in law salim gave a sermon. His sermon denounced al qaeda denounce militancy he said it was spreading a cancer of violence across Yemeni Society and he said that everything that al qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula was doing was totally contrary to islam. Couple of days later a couple of young men unknown to the villagers come and ask selim goes down with a local policeman speaks of the man an american drone kills all. Youre. When best to get tons of strikes like this very well documented case. Attacks on innocence and we started to ask ourselves how did it happen why did these kinds of mistakes keep getting met. My name is corey kreiter im a human rights lawyer. Was my client. In 2013 i set out to understand how members of faisals family could be killed by mistake by the United States. But what i found goes far beyond drone strikes in yemen targeting by Data Analysis by whats called Machine Learning is just one small part of how computers order the world. From the way we work to health care to how were police part official intelligence is raising urgent questions about the balance of power and our power to challenge it. This is the world according to ai. Theres a lot of debate and a lot of hype about ai these days but were not talking about just selfaware computers are a way its not just being used as a kind of when it chess or when it go or translate a document as that its being used to kind of predict things about all of us. The way we talk about now is the way people talked about patent medicines at the end of the 19th century there were things that were actually medicines but at the same time people were pressing the oil out of snakes mixing it with opium and buffalo dung and selling it as medicine. Communities particularly vulnerable communities children people of color women are often characterized by these systems and quite misrepresented of ways. Marginalized communities are experimented upon and theyre on the front lines sees technological systems the frontlines of harm they are also on the front lines of rebellion and refusal. In 1041 the world was a war. Germany and the axis powers looked to have the upper hand against allied forces. One of the advantages they gave the nazis a crucial edge was secret communications. The germans use an encryption device called the enigma machine to encode their messages. Cracking enigma was difficult and time consuming but if encrypted messages could be decoded quickly it could lead to a decisive shift in the war. The allies desperately needed a faster decryption machine. Spearheading the drive to build one was british mathematician alan turing. The origins of of ai as we know it today was during the 2nd world war was chairing this work on the and make members cian. Was the 1st one really to think about the idea of the computer as a full machine a machine that could think like a human. Cheering bell to devise using new Electro Mechanical Technology that increase the rate at which intercepted messages could be decoded. It was a huge breakthrough accelerating the allied victory bringing forward the end of the 2nd world war. And marking the beginning of Machine Intelligence. Artificial intelligence really was growing in britain under the name Machine Intelligence and in the us there were starting to be a small number of people who were really getting involved in this seeing this as an important thing for the future. In 1956 in the summer at dartmouth a workshop was. Run by people like Marvin Minsky John Mccarthy and that event really was sort of the american birth of Artificial Intelligence and in fact the term Artificial Intelligence was used in their proposal so thats really where the shift from calling it Machine Intelligence to Artificial Intelligence happened 1. Marvin minsky was an american mathematician and cognitive scientist his friend John Mccarthy was a professor of mathematics at Dartmouth College in the us. It was at dartmouth in 956. 00 that mccarthy organized a summer Long Research project focusing on Machine Intelligence. It would become part of ai folklore and the place where the term Artificial Intelligence was 1st coined it would also bring it to the attention of the u. S. Military. In those days the military was the principal source of funding for Computer Science research and if you went into the funders and said you know were going to make these machines smarter than people someday and whoever isnt on that ride is going to get left behind and big time so we have to stay ahead of this and boy you got funding like crazy as the Defense Department took over more of the funding the question started to being asked you know but what can we do with it now. The u. S. Department of defense had its own research arm called the advanced Research Projects agency arpa the push for developing a i was driven by the logic of the cold war any technological advantage america could get over the soviet union was pursued through our. The new field of Artificial Intelligence was flush with money and confidence about what it could achieve. But there were competing ideas about how i would lead the way to this brave new world. From the very 1st day there were 2 big approaches one of them was were going to figure out the rules and were going to teach the rules to the machine right were going to say this is how you do this 1st do this 1st do that 1st of that so the 1st one is the socalled expert systems where you just codified old rules you can and say go for it the 2nd one was were going to show it things were going to feed it data and its going to learn from the data you feed it the data and expected to build what people call a Neural Network which is that it looks at the data and the results and says ha this this this goes together and then does it again and does it again and till it builds almost like a brain like structure. What happened was a book was published actually Marvin Minsky one of his colleagues that basically showed that these Neural Networks could not really learn certain things. Which typically happened in ai is something comes along that makes a start to doubt a piece of technology and that closes to sort of go underground for a while while the other stuff gets more attention. Development of Neural Networks slipped into the shadows of ai research as expert systems took center stage and all the money. But by the airlie 1970 s. The great advances promise by Artificial Intelligence had failed to materialize a clumsy robot aptly named shaky and rudimentary processing machines fell way short of what the early ai visionaries had sold to their backers. For the u. S. Military ai had lost both its appeal and its purpose. It cost what you call it winter which stopped funding for quite a while. The socalled ai winter would freeze state sponsored development of Artificial Intelligence for over 2 decades. Chasse the number of bored possibilities is just astronomical. Theres so many possibilities in chess that by the 20th move a chess board there are more possible ways the board could look than there were molecules of the universe. Chess a measure of human intelligence for centuries had become a benchmark for how far Computer Technology had progressed and a proxy for how Smart Computers could be. With state money frozen private companies such as i. B. M. Funded their own development of ai. And we did do everything. In 1975 b m engineers built a computer the took on World Champion Garry Kasparov in a series of chess matches. They called this computer deep blue. This is amazing engineering i thought it was so good the 64000 processors going it really high speed through chess millions of moves the 2nd. Between the 1st game of the 2nd game the computer was trained on lots and lots of casper of games so it wasnt just becoming a good chess player but its becoming tuned to playing against that particular person i was there. At the time here in this building where the game was actually the machine was and where the machine was was invented and i was looking on the systems aspects of it it was search algorithms but search algorithms that were intelligent from the point of view of thinking about one another. Over a series of 3 test matches deep blue beat Gary Kasparov at outmaneuvered outthought and out played the greatest chess grandmaster of his day. Artificial intelligence had burst out of its winter and now looks set to blaze a revolutionary trail. Very. High. That was a really key moment was in that when when i. B. M. s deep blue Garry Kasparov to me that it still gives me goosebumps that its back to war 3 broke through at that point in time it was the pinnacle of intelligence for anybody to be able to play chess at the level that the grand master of the play and beating the grandmaster itself is is i think its important to not be overstated. But the capabilities that vent into it brought together algorithms infrastructure which is hard and data sort of 3 of these aspects came together at that point and i would say it was the precursor to our latest revolve for ya i. I b m had built deep blue using the established expert systems model of ai the chess victory over kasparov was its greatest achievement to date. But to beat a person at a game involving set patterns and strategy was one thing beating humans at a game of general knowledge was another. The next big mark in the public imagination was i. B. M. Schwartz that was a machine that could play jeopardy. Jeopardy is a game in the United States we give the answer to a question and then people have to try and work out what the question is. And became clear you couldnt win a game like jeopardy by just building an expert thing in each category theres just too much so they started moving to a different direction and they brought together bunch of people eventually from all parts of the company. By 2011 i. B. M. Engineers were. Working with new tools one key challenge was understanding human language using advancements in the new field of natural language processing they build layer upon layer of algorithms mathematical structures that allow the machine to learn human language through a mass input of data language and communication is the essence of us as being human beings. Its one of the hardest tasks and hardest barriers for to have crossed after we did the long game this u. S. President negotiated the treaty of portsmouth ending the russojapanese war watson who is Theodore Roosevelt good for 800 dollars what i. B. M. Did was they played the best players in the world they made the t. V. Camera for players who dont the best the 2 very top players and beat the. Life on t. V. I. B. M. s watson computer like deep blue had triumphed in the battle between human and machine but unlike deep blue watson was not strictly an expert system its novelty was Machine Learning a branch of Artificial Intelligence that had been driven underground decades earlier. The Machine Learning side it almost died out but from ninetys on when you started having the internet and all these digital devices in the mountains amount of a data and you started feeding this huge amount of data to these Machine Learning systems they were uncannily effective. Far from being abandoned Machine Learning had continued developing away from the mainstream of Artificial Intelligence. Alongside Technological Advancements personal Computers Laptops mobile phones high speed microchips. And then came the World Wide Web Search Engines tech giants social media smartphones Machine Learning now had the 2 ingredients it always needed massive computer Processing Power and data masses and masses data. Machine learning was now set to take off. The United States government has been seeking to use Machine Learning to isolate targets for drone attacks for many years because im afraid we americans have a bit of a tin ear for irony it calls its program skynet. In which it is going to seek to try and find targets for attack when we talk about ai and warfare the other thing i want to be clear about is this isnt about the terminator right this isnt about killer robots what i want to talk to about is humans and targeting and the way that human intelligence analysts relate to information that comes out of semiautomated processes basically from peoples cell phone metadata and we try to determine their socalled pattern a life where theyre going to they know. Who they talk to heres the problem i think that the United States has the n. S. A. Learned to collect it all well before they were able to understand it all faster is faster absolutely Machine Learning an Artificial Intelligence would permit the Defense Department to accelerate the process of target selection faster and always better. I want to make sure that people understand actually drones have not caused a huge number of civilian casualties for years the drone wars were an open secret in washington but it wasnt until 2012 that president obama officially acknowledged the program for the most part they have been very precise precision strikes against al qaeda but that was the same year we started to hear about signature strikes where the cia or the Defense Department would target not a name or an identity but essentially a phone this is a targeted focused effort at people who are on a list of active terrorists. They would collect signals data especially telephone data and put it through a secret algorithm they would decide you were a threat based on who you talk to where you went to your friends were but thats not precise at best its an educated guess so i started to wonder what officials brother in law and his nephew were killed because of an algorithm. Mornings and snowden time 29 years old i worked for Booz Allen Hamilton as an infrastructure analyst for n. S. A. In 2013 Edward Snowden blew the whistle on the u. S. National security agencys Mass Surveillance Program he revealed that foreign intelligence gathering tactics were now being deployed at home casting a nation wide net to catch a few bad fish. So while they may be intending to target someone associated with a Foreign Government or someone that they suspect of terrorism theyre collecting your communications to do so. A year later Michael Hayden the former director of the cia and n. S. A. Stopped short of disclosing the skynet programs existence but admitted the targets were being identified for socalled signature strikes using metadata collected from Everyday Communications we kill people based on. A signature strike would be selecting someone who looks like other people that you think are the people youre looking for you know one critique of this is demography is destiny in some sense. So we dont we cant know because of the nature of the beast right exactly what sky and weather sky was ever used but it seems likely to me that given what weve said about signature strikes that some kind of algorithmic targeting process is being used to isolate targets in places like yemen and pakistan using partly signals intelligence to be clear we have no evidence that that model was ever used in practice i would be shocked if it isnt being used Machine Learning is pretty good at finding elements from a huge pool of non elements when president obama took over the socalled war on terror he favored drones because they meant fewer boots on the ground and as the drone wars expanded the method of selecting targets changed metadata was now a key source of intelligence but there was far too much of it for human analysts to process the Machine Learning would be used to identify targets and sift the good guys from the bad at least that was the idea Machine Learning is good at this problem called binary classification so is someone part of a terrorist network are they not part of a terrorist network Machine Learning is also pretty good it asymmetric problems where there are very very few things youre looking for in a sea of things youre not looking for a few people who are part of terrorist networks in a sea of civilians for example so where do you think the kind of statistical targeting is likely to go wrong humans to binary classification all the time ok we have to decide if were looking at you know a bunch of for example a bunch of dogs at the dog park and which ones are dangerous and which ones arent when we say no that dog is not dangerous but it is thats called a false negative if we made a mistake we can go the other way we can have a false positive oh my gosh that dogs really dangerous but its not. So people might take action on those false positives and will get innocent People Killed im also worried about false negatives the thing about Machine Learning is that it assumes that the future is like the past it assumes that the things its looking for in its prediction are like the things that it saw in the Training Ground so if we have a problem where people are actively trying to disguise their activities then a Machine Learning model is likely to make a lot of false negative mistakes its going to miss a lot of people who are likely terrorists that said im not sure that theres any other way to do it but the risks are very substantial and almost certainly mistakes that lead to peoples deaths are going to happen here. We always knew the strike on pfizers family was a mistake. We met congressman we talked to senators we havent spoke to people in the White House National Security Council but while everyone expresses regret for pfizers loss no one could explain why it happened or how it happened. Let me take. Like no please son. Strong against stance on the next scale. Nation concert. Stadiums that are. In its destination defeat the womens world cup france 29 t. Ready drinks container. Ready and usually end. In a nuisance but for a select few old bottle was the Building Blocks of a better life. Ready and the stepping stones to owning a family. Viewfinder latin america is in bolivia and dowels into the wild. Americans are struggling to pay their rent the problem isnt just limited to the cities. Of all the governor of the. The country. We bring you the stories that are shaping the economic world we live in. Counting the cost on aljazeera. Youre watching all jews there. Are all these are all top news stories the u. S. Has described the attack in central lollie thats killed nearly 100 people as an act of unspeakable barbarism the government says gunmen raided a village of the community and burned several houses no one has yet claimed responsibility so you know because the dolls protest leaders have vowed to continue the general strike which is now in its 3rd day businesses are shutting down and a show of defiance against the military into the opposition has rejected the legitimacy of a military investigation into the killing of Peaceful Protesters. 19 people have been killed in an attack in the kenya 1st so it happened in the northern town of erbil in the armed groups of killed hundreds in recent months forcing 150000 people to flee their homes a lebanese businessman arrested in iran 4 years ago is reportedly free and on his way to lebanon and is ours zakhar who has us residency was detained in 2015 while visiting iran that for a conference this is a ticket was accused of being an american spy and sentenced to 10 years in prison for his release comes as tensions remain high between iran and the u. S. But irans edition reeses backers releases period legal matter and has nothing to do with politics. We received a request from the zakah for his release because of his Good Behavior the president ministrations supported his release after the lebanese president has blasted ported mr zucker to release his short is that he would not commit any further criminal acts the Court Finally issued a conditional release order all these procedures are carried out according to the purely judicial procedure and the subject is not linked to any political file or Exchange File another mass protest is planned in hong kong as politicians debate a new x. Traditional prodemocracy leaders around the Legislative Council president to be chairing that debate and to learn says that hes aiming to put the bill for a vote in 9 days time an estimated 1000000. 00 marchers took part in sundays rally to protest against the bill the citys lead Award Companies and businesses that their own courage and employees to join wednesdays planned rally. Work is not great have lifted a sightseeing boat from the river dont even be depressed they recovered 4 bodies from the wreckage which sent 2 weeks ago 19 south korean tolson to hungary in cream and were previously confirmed killed for their stories on our website at aljazeera dot com im back with the news hour and half an hour we return to the big picture stay with us for. My client faisal banally jobbers brother in law and nephew were 2 victims among hundreds caught up in the american drone war in yemen. While gammon is protested the loss of civilian lives few knew that these were victims of computerized targeting built on data gleaned from phones and surveillance apparatus fed into algorithms and narrowed down from possible terrorists to probable terrorists to definite terrorist. Neither faisals brother in law or nephew was a terrorist. As a human rights lawyer i had been investigating civilian casualties in drone attacks in yemen and pakistan and over time we came to understand that the people we worked with who lost loved ones were killed as a result of a semiautomated algorithmic targeting process and there was a kind of article that came out about an n. S. A. Slide deck that said well this this is how were going to use Machine Learning to find an isolate targets in pakistan and somebody found you up as a statistician and asked for your take on this and you were like well look this is just this is just totally unsound yeah it was pretty unsound i mean is it just basically kind of racial profiling its kale how do you see it well its more complicated than that than that because the kind of information that were working with in that case is to lessen a meditator the problem in that particular example that the n. S. A. Analyst were trying to figure out was ok we identified the cia had identified a small number of people who were couriers for terrorist organizations were carrying around flash drives and messages among groups of terrorist organizations and the question is can you use the phones calls that these people make and the places that their phones check in with the souls assuming weve got those people right but anyway please you know i think i think that the court im willing to believe that they got these people right the question is how many more are there that they didnt get yet but can we use these peoples information to disambiguate them to tell the difference between these people and all the other people in a city they live in can you tell how different they are so that you can just use that to leslie metadata to predict which of the people who we know are actually a terrorist couriers. And how few other people can you include in that list a few false positives could you get in that classification and i was very skeptical about the particular model that was used in that case do you see some residences here and you know were talking about communities abroad who have basically designated a threat and then targeting them for armed attack does that chime in middle with some of the policing and other targeting of communities of color in the states that youve studied. You know i i i resist the temptation to kind of essential why is these as the same in every part of the world in every context we do know though that. Technologies predate these kinds of Automated Technologies about classifying and figuring out who might be a threat. Disproportionately or targeting people who might have politics that are say more to the left people who are more interested in civil rights people who are advocates of human rights labor organizers for example so i think the question is again always underneath these projects where the values and the politics of who whos being assessed whos being classified for what purposes and those are fundamental questions that are going to be with even with the next version of the Technology Top l. A. P. D. Spying coalition did research on drones being deployed in l. A. In 2015 they produced a report and they actually drew very explicit lines between the use of Drone Technology in the middle east and the proliferation of Drone Technology in Police Forces across the United States through the urban Area Security initiative and they have been making these connections right the military is ation of the police and the increase in 3rd party private services that are bought by Public Institutions so were how do you see it you know the Defense Community affecting the development of these technologies is that the kind of original sin of the thing i think that particularly in academic contexts. The big chunks of funding have been for decades and continue to be from from defense i dont think that most of the funding that comes out of the fence establishment thats for Pure Research looks like its going to be used to kill people the larger problem is that it creates a kind of. Philosophical or even ideological framework that its ok to produce things for the defense establishment and it makes sense to produce things for Law Enforcement because theyre here to help us that failure of having a critical understanding of what military and Police Institutions do to the communities that are on the receiving end of their business i think thats the larger problem the residents i kind of see it and the reason i guess i asked the question is somebody who did work with those communities in yemen in pakistan is that they talk about feeling scrutinised and over police in a way that i hear when i hear you guys talk about these other communities you know the sharp end of the policing so its almost as if the language that comes out of them that says we feel our whole community are suspect its never a point it is that White Collar Crime the containment the prediction the assessment always seems to be at a community who we fear in some way in that we want to contain well and who the we is in that is very important because we also dont profile and track for example White Supremacists nazis neo nazis in the same way we dont talk about them as domestic terrorists for example in the u. S. Or in other countries so the framing of who is the threat is ultimately always the value question i think thats on the table that we have to be thinking about and of course the more you ought to me the profile of who the threat is who the threatening other is the more you flatten these conversations about values the harder it is to actually talk about what people are struggling for what struggles for justice around the world look like i mean and then some of the very companies who develop these technologies expand into other areas dont you see youve got palin tear the security and Intelligence Firm who develop tools for counterinsurgency in iraq then sold some of their kit to the l. A. P. D. Recently inking a deal with the u. N. World food program seeking to help them spot fraud i mean. Where then it makes you think mass knows no context we can sell our product anywhere as long as were finding us to testicle relationship. People can take 500 pictures to get that perfect shot. Which is something when i was 20 could not have done because of what it on film and it was and you got what you got. One of his. Vast swathes of the world with cameras on smartphones billions hooked up to social media sharing images online gave Machine Learning engineers access to a massive data billions of images these images could now be used to train algorithms to teach themselves to detect particular features recognize particular forms this new breakthrough was called deep learning very soon ai would use deep learning to teach itself to recognize the form of a cat just by looking at millions of cat images on the internet. From there that made the leap to recognizing people. Artificial intelligence now claimed the ability to pick out a specific face in a busy crowd to find the needle in the haystack. So what you have been friends fear is very typical surveillance same says a camera looking at a public street and people clearly want us to come on face recognition go to work out that its seen a person and then its got to work out with the persons faces and its got to take a biometric caution about face in essence something that it can pat can compare against watch list if there is a match that. Youll see thoughts come up on the screen stop person is now going to the system has been identified clearly you can set your system up to alert the right people when that happens right so if you wanted to kind of test it out on my face for example how would we make that happen so very simply we would have a surveillance photograph or it could be something taken from social media or just from the internet that would be loaded into the watch list as you can see have such that if you walk past a camera that is linked to that watch list then you should be attacked if you have been seen and then send it to the appropriate place so we give it a try to our. Great crowded streets say lots of people coming towards the camera. Each time the camera tags that if say a person but they will biometric hotshot person and say if theyre on the watch list so we can say here for example guys cliff faces on the person against the watch less than on their back consequent it up as a horses if the camera doesnt say no its ok. The facial recognition engine is working hard right now checking all of these people when clearly. You know coming now its more screen and you know just a cultural view of your face an image really just for you or it will continue to identify the level of confidence will change depending on your angle to come up but the minute in one single frame player on the list. These facial Recognition Technology should not exist for what purpose are they being brought into existence again who are they being pointed at and what kinds of protections should we have against the common critique of it is while it doesnt seem black faces very well but is that is that the whole problem with facial recognition i think for the people away joy. Their position would be these technologies exist and black people will be ensnared in the especially black women the failure rate is greatest on black women are going to be misread by these technologies and therefore potentially harmed because they will not be able to kind of fight back against these technologies that are pointed out that. Joy while im waiting of the Massachusetts Institute of technology showed how facial recognition programs were unable to recognize black faces particularly the faces of black women. The problem was data and bias engineers who were mostly white males trained algorithms with a data set of images that were themselves overwhelmingly of white males. The resulting algorithm struggled to recognize non white non male faces. The algorithm simply couldnt compute what they saw with what theyd been trained on the same racial and gender bias that existed in the wider world was trained into the system itself. One of the other key parts of the debate has to do with the extent to which the Technology Works on different faces so whether its as effective on people of color or women is that changing does a kind of depend on the technology. Obsoleted is only them how its trying so its also knowledge for example we have trained it on different emma graphics in different parts of the world but certainly in terms of if you step right kind of strip thought about debates away the on the underlying all its official intelligence is kind of an illiterate company trained in any which way they can clearly be trained to you know and have it in her bosses within. One of the sharpest growth areas of Artificial Intelligence that is being acquired by government authorities all over the world at the moment is of course facial recognition right have you got some concerns about this technology do you think its a good idea to be able to pick faces out of crowds or could it end badly the question is how much more is gained i think a by using facial recognition in terms of whos it deployed toward and in service of what you know one of the things we find is that often facial Recognition Technology is or argued for around Law Enforcement or terrorism do we have the data yet that says this is radically impacting theyre reducing terrorism is it working as a deterrent an effective deterrent for people to engage in crime the assumption underneath is very strong which is that we know who are looking for and i think thats a very difficult to prove assumption from the point of view of Law Enforcement. Theres a lot of other mechanisms like this where massive data gathering helps Law Enforcement only in the aftermath not so much in the prevention you know if you capture every piece of information about all the video in a city after crimes been committed that may help you solve the crime it gives you very little ability to prevent the crime and i suspect this will be quite similar so the Predictive Power of it is in no way certain right we just dont know and meanwhile though these concerns about who it can see who it cant see bias so there are some researchers joy one way and he and others who basically have shown that it cant really see at least at the moment it cant see black face is that a problem or one of several actually sees black womens faces the least effectively and so of course we want to make sure that there is accuracy especially if these things are used again to go make an arrest of someone and being used as the so called science that legitimate that arrest and i think this is one of the reasons why those researchers are trying to pursue better accuracy higher accuracy i think there are others who would say. Why are we legitimating facial Recognition Technology as we should actually be resisting them at every level i probably follow a little bit more along those lines and say why do we need these technologies who are they being pointed toward them why are they being trained on vulnerable communities in particular theres a big question why would we want to be included in these facial Recognition Technology is when the systems when theyre doing harm to specific communities and what it makes me think of is you know are we in an era where errors are one of the ways in which we protest these systems over which we have no control because right now it doesnt seem like we have that many mechanisms in place theres no court needed system by which we can. Protest or abolish certain kinds of systems. Or prevent them from being developed right so errors noise that sort of saying that seems increasingly like an area for fruitful discovery for civil disobedience is the larger question of what were trying to accomplish as a society is the issue here and the Technology Makes it somewhat explicit if one of the things we think we want is Law Enforcement seeing everything that happens in our society with video covering every square or every inch of the Public Square and facial recognition identifying every person wandering through that is that the society we want to live in its not the society i want to live in i think thats a terrible world and theres something intimate about the face in particular isnt there i feel like were only just starting to clock the ways that the data is gathered about all of us but i feel that people instinctively understand and have a lot of unease about their face being collected thinking about detroit earlier this year the city announced that it would be upping the number of surveillance cameras that its putting into the downtown area so that number will reach 500. 00 after a 5 year mark. And this is an area of detroit thats meant to be redeveloped and you know all sorts of changes are taking place and there are a number of Community Community members that are really upset about this because they feel these cameras wont be only used for socalled security purposes theyll be used for other kind of this Mission Creep idea that it will start to affect how people socialize with one another and its not just the Public Square is that right we see big kind of box Stores Walmart and others starting to test these these facial Recognition Software they say oh well we looked at it for shoplifters but were not going to use that we just want to improve the Customer Experience how comforted are you by that im not i mean i think that again even if the if its not Law Enforcement thats using these technologies but you know what does it mean that were again were trading off our privacy were trading off a certain quality of life that. We have come to rely upon to be ensnared in these systems so that these interoperable systems between companies can track my moves and of course they do this with our engagements on the internet and with our you know Smart Technologies in our in our pockets and in our bags im really concerned about that i mean thats much less as a technologist or as a scientist that worries me about and as a civil libertarian and in particular i think about. Restriction on our freedom to to associate if i associate with someone in the Public Square do i then take on some of that persons implicit guilt the point of these systems is to be modeling the level to which any of us should be subjected to additional Law Enforcement attention thats explicitly the point these techniques these tools are to highlight who Law Enforcement is to Pay Attention to there are plenty of people who will be watching this program who will say well we want to catch criminals in this does make me feel safer but i think these these technologies also get deployed in other ways like using facial Recognition Software when youre in a Job Interview and answering questions and profiling your face and your emotions and deciding whether or not you are reliable or trustworthy and having a machine in fact make a prediction about what whether youll be a great employee based on the kinds of facial gestures that you make i mean these kinds of things are being deployed right now theyre being tested in industry and. That says a lot of mean the what the kind of statistical model of great employee facial gestures looks like i think is incredibly subjective its cultural its not universal it cannot be standardized and yet we will see these things increasingly rolling out. Technology that can pick my face out of a crowd of people may seem innocuous and even kind of impressive. But when you think about the consequences for millions of ordinary people including really serious consequences then the conversation looks a little different romford here in east london is one of the places where metropolitan police have been testing their life facial Recognition Technology and the way that it works is pretty similar. A camera on this van here. Checks everybody who walks by against a database of known suspects if the camera and the software find a match when a person is stopped and searched and potentially arrested. Londons metropolitan police has been trialing facial Recognition Technology since 2016. The u. K. Capital already has the 2nd highest concentration of c. C. T. V. Cameras in the world only beijing has more its why theres a reluctance among civil liberty groups like liberty and big brother watch to accept another layer of surveillance. We are supposed to just expect every time its been used and we found that 98 percent of that much is have an accurately identified innocent members of the public as potentially once its criminals 98 percent yes. A lot of this inaccuracy is down to bad data for Quality Images loaded into the algorithms images often taken from low grade c. C. T. V. Footage. The technology is far from proven and its use mired in controversy thats why even a city like San Francisco the home of tech has banned facial recognition from being used by civic authorities including the police but in london right now there is no ban this isnt just catching images of people its an identity check its subjects members of the public to perpetual police line up so what do you say when theres this comment made well actually if we could get this technology right then maybe it will reduce some of the cup. By and so bias policing and so forth whether were talking about humans eliminating discrimination or technology and in 1000 discrimination the has to be the intent and what we can see already with this Experimental Technology being used its never been tested potential racial biases there is no ins had to test the technology and see how its working and see how its affecting the oh so unfortunate i dont think this is going to solve any of those problems. Over the next few hours we would see a number of arrests but not we were told because of matches through facial Recognition Technology these arrests were the result of Old Fashioned police work. More officers on the be leading to more arrests. Just as the trial in romford was about to end for the day plain clothed officers moved in to apprehend a man from a nearby Fast Food Restaurant his image had been flagged by the facial Recognition Technology after police carried out identity checks he was arrested. Artificial intelligence has come a long way since its early days of unfulfilled promise and shaky robots. But were still far from Building Computers that can do all the things humans can do. And were finding that Machine Learning can reflect some of our biases right back at us. In the next episode of the world according to a i will explore the choice we all face a lot of official intelligence figures to improve the lives of everyone. Or to keep power and privilege where they already are. After decades of being programmed with instructions data hungry computers can now learn on their own identifying patterns and predicting human behavior. Artificial intelligence can monitor our movement. And decide on our future the big picture decodes of the world according to ai and exposes the bias inside the machine to on aljazeera. The web and sponsored by cattle. Hello there the clouds are gathering once more over parts of south america you can see it on the satellite picture drifting its way through parts of argentina through europe lie and say through paraguayan just about to brazil as well and this whole region is going to be a bit unsettled over the next few days during the day on tuesday the thickest cloud is just going to be around what is are is actually in just to the north in europe that will then begin to intensify as we head through the next few days there wednesday is looking wetter and a cool day for one of the reasons well towards the west its cooler force in santiago 15 would just be our maximum here further to was a north and theres plenty of showers over the central americas at the moment plenty of cloud over parts of venezuela and of colombia and plenty of cloud plenty of showers further north all the way up into mexico and even these islands are seeing plenty of heavy downpours 23 cuba into jamaica and into his spaniel a plenty of very heavy downpours and no major change really as we head through tuesday or into wednesday further north and for some of us in the west is pretty hawks of the moment and thats the way its going to stay as we head through the next few days that further east were seeing this area of cloud here thats already given a from flooding the system will try to pull away as we head through the day and behind it its going to stay pretty warm with washington d. C. Up around 26. 00. The weather sponsored by qatar airways. This is a dialogue reading about it for nothing staying at an International Media and on t. V. Why should we stop this conversation with skepticism because theres a lot of it on my everyone has a voice we are being taken advantage of just because we are Small Community without a network just huge help join the global conversation on out is iraq all they want to do is start the debate the same kind of debate we have here in st. Yes. Yes yes. Yes. Global Food Production is wasteful and its straining our planet. But pioneers are adapting with new food sources jellyfish is delicious with a very light seafood taste and texture some that. And innovative production techniques ive seen a vertical farm before i would never in a restaurant have to say this is great earthrise feeding the 1000000000 on a jersey you know. This is al jazeera. Along the whole roman youre watching the aljazeera news our life one headquarters here in doha coming up in the next 60 minutes bound for beirut a lebanese businessman convicted of spying for the u. S. Is released from an iranian prison. An act of barbarism the u. N. Deplores an attack in central mali thats left at least 95. 00 people dead. Also another day of empty streets and closed shops in sudan as a Civil Disobedience Campaign continues against the military and. I. Will be the same