Applications call it a surprise saturday night shake up saudi state t. V. Reported that eleven princes three current and dozens of former ministers have been detained as part of an inch i corrupted probe only hours after the formation of an Investigative Committee was announced if. They didnt have enough time to make a prosecution to make investigations about the if there was something or some information collected previously why did the and with. The case by case different be this before about the not doing this overnight all these people together which is rather suspicious. The saudi cabinet overhaul is viewed as a power play by king solomon analysts say its designed to ensure his son and heir to the throne crown Prince Mohammed bin solomon consolidates power and does so among their branch of the royal family hes making this Public Relations sense to get more public support and also a little bit of the way his popularity one of the most high profile figures pushed out is the minister of the National Guard prince metabo bin of dollar he was the son of former king of dollar and once thought to be next in line to the throne he was the remaining member of the abdullah family in such a high level position. Also detained is prince will lead bin tell out hes one of the wealthiest men in the world and given his widespread investments is detainment could have an impact on global business. This shake up sends a message theres a new political order but only do we have a new chapter opening up in saudi arabia we have a whole new book a whole new political i submit if you will except i mean with one exception thats still all done in secrecy its also a reminder that for months after the crown prince was named heir to the throne there can be no mistake mohammed bin selman is the future for saudi arabia natasha going to eight zero zero. And in other developments out of saudi arabia the military has shot down a long range Ballistic Missile over riyadh the missile was fired from yemen towards the saudi capitals airport with the rebels say they are behind that attack. At least five people have been killed and twelve others injured in a suicide car bomb attack in yemen sports city of aden the explosion happened in the core makes our neighborhood and no one has claimed responsibility for that attack iran has accused saudi arabia the u. S. And israel of trying to fuel tension after the sudden resignation of lebanons Prime Minister saad hariri resigned in the saudi capital riyadh on saturday hes accused iran of sowing strife in the arab world. U. S. President donald trump passed began has twelve day tour of asia and japan met with Prime Minister shinzo abi for lunch and also around the gulf the two are expected to hold talks on monday aimed at countering north Koreas Nuclear threat asia tour the longest in the region by u. S. President in twenty five years will include south korea China Vietnam and the philippines we will never you never waiver and never falter and defense of our people our freedom and our Great American flag no dictator no regime and no nation should underestimate an. American resolve catalonia is ousted leader karlas pushed him on is calling for united front ahead of next months Regional Election and barcelona Pro Independence perhaps or calling for posters and banners to be plastered across the city to protest against spains direct role in catalonia and the imprisonment of former ministers on friday a spanish judge issued an International Arrest warrant for approached him on who travel to belgium after declaring independence those are the headlines and news continues on aljazeera after aljazeera world keep it or. Good. Luck. Thanks thanks. Thanks thanks. Thanks thanks. Thanks thanks. Thanks thanks. Thanks thanks thanks. Thanks for the voice of David Bengurion declaring the establishment of the state of israel in maine one nine hundred forty eight. The Balfour Declaration was a letter sent by British Foreign secretary Arthur Balfour to a member of the british house of lords child on the second of november one thousand nine hundred seventeen. This letter sent to a leading figure in the British Jewish Community one hundred years ago had repercussions which even its authors cannot have imagined. Whatever its real intentions it went on to have a profound impact on the middle east and its people. And its effects still resonates across the region today. In one nine hundred fourteen these soldiers were fighting on the battlefields of europe in the First World War the allies britain france and russia fought the central powers of germany austriahungary and the Ottoman Empire for four years but the land and sea war was not the only battleground. Muscle was also being flexed behind closed doors as allies conspired to redraw to their own advantage when the conflict eventually ceased. Sir mark sykes for the british and french. For the french plotted how to divide the arab lands of the Ottoman Empire assuming it would finally fall. The agreement to divide it into french and british spheres of influence france taking most of the levant southern anatolia and the area while the british extended their control over the southern expanding eastward. And all the nand between there. And the french territory. Historic palestine then still part of the Ottoman Empire was a bone of contention and would be put under International Administration. But. Thats. Their. Command i dont. Order. That. For you. Was it that one of them. With yours how long the half of art can be or when i can let you can i cant weve got archer i think the british felt that there had not been enough government involvement in concluding the states become agreement with the french and in that process they had not really protected their interests well enough for a post world war era in which the British Empire would continue to seek to be a dominant force in European Affairs and so really officials across whitehall including mark sykes himself felt it was a bad deal if you have built youre going to have a few at most at it in the future not to havoc so you need you on every night i just mean and you who would have my own. Data for the scene when youre home your new shoot people have seen what young people feel well an article in the have been many who are levy. I mean i mean i look at that before and its of huge significance that when theyre making these discussions jews and zionism and not discussed jews were not to feature in the new at the middle east which was to be based on the idea of the arab nation. Zionism was the movement supporting the reestablishment of a jewish homeland in the area defined as the historic land of israel. The movement was active in early Twentieth Century london especially because of the persecution of jews in russia and eastern europe. Theodore heard so had found a design a movement in the late one nine hundred century but jewish people in western europe had not rushed to support it because they were integrating quite successfully into society zionists believed that all jews should someday return to that country one of the problems was that palestine belong to the Ottoman Empire and the Ottoman Empire was not clear that it wanted massive jewish immigration into palestine and the British Government offered to let jews move unimpeded in great numbers into uganda if they wished. But in any event it really didnt happen and it didnt happen because a majority of scientists felt that hurts or was selling them out and that the only place for jews to move back to work at least conscious zionist jews to move back to was palestine in this i think britain began to look at the Zionist Movement as a possible carton or in justifying a really go she a sions are their agreement with the french you see for britain simply to claim territory against what theyve already concluded in the green that with france could create diplomatic problems for the british. If they were to make a claim to palestine not out of selfinterest but in order to advance a great historic ideal of the restoration of the jewish people to the legal homeland that this could justify an adjustment of the term of the sites because. In a way that the french would accept the british wanted somehow and more and more increasingly they felt that the jews held the key to winning the war. And so they had to figure out how to bribe the jews to support them. Sir mark sykes had succeeded in drawing the line he wanted from a curry in the west to kirkuk in the east but for some in government this was not enough. The british were using the Jewish National movement to secure palestine for themselves is this is what highlights been is really going to find open ears of ten downing street in the Foreign Office in the Colonial Office and its paving the way towards that critical decision in november of one nine hundred seventeen and so i think you can direct you can draw a direct connection. Between britains sudden acknowledgement of zionism as an idea and the ideal. And what they were dissatisfied with the term the psychs because. I am fights man was a chemistry lecturer in manchester who had become a prominent member of the british Zionist Movement he was politically well connected and rubbed shoulders with senior figures in government so high in vitamin was russian by birth he was a chemist. And then he joined the Zionist Movement. He climbed in the Zionist Movement he moved to Great Britain before the war well before the war maybe ten years before the war began he was not before the war very well known in the english Zionist Movement he was pretty well known in the World Zionist Federation but he was by no means the most visible zionist when world war one began in Great Britain. Vitamin later wrote in his memoirs about having been introduced to a British Government minister Herbert Samuel. Samuel was jewish but vitamine was apparently concerned that he might be anti zionist. However Herbert Samual turned out to be extremely receptive to vitamin and went on to write an official memo in one nine hundred fifty setting out a number of different possibilities for palestine and the jewish people. And was. So how health minister. Through the number. Of us who were cut up was knocked around for lost in. The latin heaven alamy. Who were. Any markers. Little bit on the cut up with the kyra. Sure but theres still a philosophy in badminton told how to help them a lot and then let them a lot and hope see. The. Very funny year for last year. But then he suddenly had the leader who the commonwealth. But he didnt find willing ears in whitehall or the Colonial Office for schemes that involved the establishment of the jewish state in palestine britain was really concerned with two things by the time that the First World War had broken out they want to do with the war first and foremost this was an imperative for the survival of britain and its empire and secondly they wanted to ensure that coming out of the war victorious that their empire would benefit from the victory so at this stage high invites men and Herbert Samuels ideas about the rights of the jews to resettle in palestine. Did not find much sympathy in the corridors of power in london. Disappointed fights men wrote to a friend asking whether there wasnt at least a discussion to be had about what he called the chance for the jewish people. I realize of course he went on we cannot claim anything we are much too atomized for its. What the debate did do however was to throw together fights man the russian jewish immigrants searching for a homeland and refuge from persecution with her brood samuel and lourdes rothschild for members of the british jewish elite established in society and part of the political and capitalist class. So it isnt for the most part of course all of the community was actually in the minority but certainly most of all within the jewish elite because it threatened the notion of them as one hundred percent committed members of British Society and this was complete and that for somebody like you to become secretary of state for india for him zionism is his Worst Nightmare the idea that jews are not satisfied simply with being citizens of britain or other countries around the world theyre always longing to go back to the land of israel for him he wanted to demonstrate that the jews of britain were first and foremost british its important to remember that for people like rothschild zionism it actually been a threat you see the elite in british jewellery had fought for generations to gain acceptance in British Society it was only with the arrival of disraeli and that i can century that jews entered parliament and could rise to become Prime Minister and the poor people of. So high finance or banking interests the really lete of the Jewish Community in britain their struggle to demonstrate their place in British Society then design is with its claims that jews were a people apart and should be a nationalist movement in their own right or another with terry lane but me. And if they were corrupt. How to get. Hold. Of but i would be when i had the time meant get fifty i went on to be the old the field but i would be adamant you have a job call up you and i do have the sheer will and no illness or even a bit of time even for my honey brand of beer and damaeus of clash who will live in a salad we have if mark you have to say well its an x. Vitamin vien. In much of the love in your mind doesnt need a mental ability. Key bill here in the instability. Of the. Vitamin. The fim. Its vitamin that makes the difference and i think he was probably unique in his ability to persuade the leading british figures that the jews were in fact a vast sub to raney and influence which they were not. That all jews were zionists which was far from the truth and that therefore they he to winning jewish support was to offer them palestine vitamine talked up the degree to which the Jewish Community supported zionism in order to get his message across to the governments. But for the british it seemed to be about selfinterest about winning the war recognizing zionism would be closely linked to gaining global juice the poor it for this objective and which should start its future resting so the british motives for supporting zionism when we can boil it down to two elements of british self interest at that time not an emotional interest inside ism or a love of jews and the jewish plight and the desire for a return of the jews to the holy land no for very specific self interest matters of policy they were first of all all of the British Government agreed that they wanted to mobilize behind britain and the allies this idea of jewish power in the world. They were like all of the different policy elites in the war believers in the notion that jews have tremendous influence in the corridors of power around the globe if the British Government appeared to support zionism they would win over. To their side and all that entailed the british were convinced that zionism was really at the center of the jewish heart. In may nine hundred sixteen sir mark sykes had agreed his t. Quit deal with the french psychs because it would form the basis of the future carve up of the old Ottoman Empire. So he immediately turned his attention to palestine still part of the Ottoman Empire and how to use the finest ambition to outmaneuver the french. Formal contact between the British Government and the zionist followed he immediately phoned Herbert Samuel and told him about the plan and Herbert Samuel then phoned him vitamin and vitamin brought with him sokolow this meeting took place on the eleventh of april nine hundred sixteen it took place at moses castors house in maida vale. And gaster wrote in his diary afterwards how proud he was that this meeting which he thought was the most important meeting that had ever taken place in the history of zionism had taken place at his house. Mark sykes the other. I was she doesnt know my guster know where khalil must send. The bus but then. As one who really in the. North who were in the fight that i love. The most disgusting very quickly understands that sykes is looking to gain support from suppose it jewish power in the world and gets to works with this idea and manipulates this to consolidate sykess interest in sign ism and we see actually the British Government becomes very close already nazi sixteen of issuing a public declaration of support for zionism there in the end this doesnt happen that year the planned sikes got Herbert Samuels to pass on to the zionist. Involved joint british French Administration of palestine and a charter guaranteeing british support for the line isnt. But his idea was rejected. They didnt want an anglofrench condominium in palestine they wanted the british to protect them not the french and thats because they thought that the french always sort of converted their colonized people into becoming frenchmen and what they wanted was to remain as self conscious jews and they thought that the british would leave them alone and let them do that and mushy hell to live in begun by. The share a booty in. The world vile him one in the basement what you need convincing got armor you did doesnt go to not you needed them it would get them. Over you dame know you to name him remember bomb atom our matter. Robert. You know. Is. Bolstered by their newfound credibility the british zionists thought about making specific demands after the sykes meeting but events overtook them. On the sixth of december one thousand nine hundred sixty british Prime Minister asquith resigned. In the change of government Arthur Balfour became foreign secretary under Prime Minister david lloyd george. Lloyd george. Has been a half of a cocktail from a summit with iraq. And ill. Tell you what that you know. One. Side but. Its a completely. Different thing. Was of rather philosophical bent. And i think he wanted to think in theological terms you wanted to think in historical terms. And it was with that frame of mind i think that he approached the whole question yesterday at the far. And moderate. As it was i thought george. But the attack. Before. David lloyd george. And all of those who supported the path a declaration within the British Government we can absolutely categorize as being riven with anti semitic thinking and not only that but the thinking behind the Balfour Declaration that drove them to the Balfour Declaration was from this anti semitic thought the idea of jewish power of jewish he said this and of a unified jewish attachment to zionism above all else. Whatever its basis the relationship between the british dynasty and the government would continue to grow throughout the one nine hundred seventeen. Leading to the declaration that would change the face of the middle east and ultimately determine the destinies of two different peoples. November on aljazeera. In a historic visit the pope will travel to me and my bangladesh bringing more focus to the plight of the range at. A new six part series about extraordinary lives of the Common People from across tunisia. As the u. S. Backs away from the paris climate agreement well diplomats will be gathering in bone to restate that commitment. From the heart of asia one when east brings captivating stories and Award Winning fields. As tensions on the Korean Peninsula remain high President Trump embarks on a five nation tour to east asia november on aljazeera. Its impossible to underestimate the size and scale of the economic crisis its not just about the billion trillion dollars of debt its not just about the banks its not just about the government to about real people. Everything do is being analyzed its being weighed and its being measured thats what intelligence agencies are they are tough to do things in secret that are a lawful or politically embarrassing all of the colleagues that i knew chose to retire from the n. S. A. They could not stand by and see all the work that they had done being used for mass surveillance digital dissidents at this time on aljazeera. Michelle carey here in doha lets recap the top stories on aljazeera theres been a major cabinet shakeup in saudi arabia the same night as several princes were detained and what they say is in an anticorruption crackdown the head of the National Guard the economy minister and the head of the navy have all been replaced also billionaire investor prince of all aid been tele ben talal that is also among those detained and other developments out of saudi arabia at the military has shot down a long range Ballistic Missile over riyadh the missile was fired from yemen towards the saudi Capital Airport and who the rebels say they are behind that attack at least five people have been killed twelve others injured in a suicide car bomb attack in yemen support city of aden the explosion happened in the cormacs our neighborhood and no one has claimed responsibility for that attack. Iran has accused saudi arabia the u. S. And israel of trying to fuel tension after the sudden resignation of lebanons Prime Minister saad hariri resigned in the saudi capital riyadh on saturday hes accused iran of sowing strife in the arab world however iran says hariri is playing a game designed by those who want ill for the region u. S. President donald trump has begun his twelve day tour of asia in japan met with Prime Minister shinzo lobby for lunch and also a round of golf tour expected to hold talks on monday countering north Koreas Nuclear threat trumps asia tour the longest in the region by a u. S. President in twenty five years will include as south korea China Vietnam and the philippines we will never you never waiver and never fall through the defense of our people our freedom and our Great American flag no dictator no regime and no nation should under arrest and. Resolve. Alstad later on is calling for a united front ahead of next months Regional Election and barcelona independence probes are calling for posters and banners to be plastered across the city to protest against spains direct role in catalonia. Ministers friday a spanish judge issued an international. Travel to belgium after declaring independence those are the headlines after aljazeera world. The First World War to britain france and russia against germany austria hungary and the Ottoman Empire the british in the shape of the diplomats or mark sykes were determined to divide autumn in territory in a way that best suited them once the war was over for their own strategic interests. By nine hundred seventeen the war was shifting in the allies favor and in the middle east the british were moving through sinai towards the borders of historic palestine. Further north the Russian Revolution in february one nine hundred seventeen cast doubt on russias continued involvement in the war. As britain and france tried to outmaneuver one another the british Zionist Movement took on increasing political importance. Get back in touch with. This and think about. Incorporates elitism in british planning for palestine. And at this moment we see a hugely important meeting taking place in the home of moses custom made of. And seventeen. And this is the point in which sykes meets for the first time home fights men in the home circle of. Another time this in which its discussed what the zionists are looking for and the british interest in zionism so he had to bring the zionists along without divulging what were the secret agreements that britain and france had come to with regard to palestine which was that they would jointly administer parts of palestine at this meeting for the British Government was sykes and Herbert Samuel he was there on the other side there were. Vitamin and sokolow and there was moses gaster and he brought a couple of his allies because he realised that vitamin was beginning to push him out of the way the other very important figure was James Rothschild who attended this meeting. At the meeting it became clear to sykes that vitamin not gaster was the most important zionist this is also the moment where moses cast is dislodged. Sykes is part of the french side because i havent liked guest guster it been insistent that should be a jewish state and nothing less coming into being after the war and peace. Clearly wanted scientists who were much more willing to compromise with the interests of the great powers and the home circle of a vice and was certainly happy to fit that bill. The meetings between the zionists and the government seemed to give momentum to the idea of british support for a jewish homeland in palestine and their potential role in its administration. But the secrets agreements between britain and france which formed the basis of the future division of the Ottoman Empire planned to put palestine under International Administration any change would have to be negotiated with france. Niamh socalled of emerged as the man to talk to the french in a horse. Be thought. But would she give. Circolo became the acknowledged lead diplomat for zionism and all the accounts say that he had an extremely sort of elegant bearing and wore very fine clothing and that his manners were polished and polite and smooth silky smooth so that he could talk. On an equal basis with the representatives of the german kaiser or the. British government or whatever so the day after the meeting. Between sykes and the zionist leaders sykes brought sokol to meet the french diplomat pekoe what sikes wanted was for so. To a persuade pekoe that zionism must be taken seriously that zionism really was the key to winning the war. And that design ists would only help the allies win the war if britain was the main power in palestine not france fortress off because they didnt put it that good or may. So call off without force or khwaja more quotes are put out for that core i reckon i could use su reeve. And also mossad. Theres not a good aussie course a record of that they are home but not on their degree i want to tell you we read them and psych snuff saw in a circle of you know what a tabloid any know our friends are or your mother had this you can associate mom and british cabinet or that often on the situation a friend so we have been were at one for. Bill cabinet the english or law and not already different so into lot of city its hard to know how much influence sykes ultimately had over british policy making he was given more prominence in british policy making around the middle east during the war years than he ever deserved he was a relatively ill educated inexperienced man whose only connection to the art of the world had been as a tourist. So for this man to be playing such a role in the halls of power over deciding british policy towards the near east seems to us today to be normal is indeed ridiculous. Regardless of psychs role things continue to progress for the zionists and in june one nine hundred seventeen British Foreign secretary Arthur Balfour asked high in vitamin to present his demands as a declaration and promise to try and persuade his government to adopt its. The leading zionist form the Political Committee and drafted their demands and then submitted them to the British Government. This original document was one of the first drafts written at the Imperial Hotel in london on the seventeenth of july one thousand nine hundred seventeen. It also introduced a new term and concept the National Home of the jewish people so in the initial zionist drafting of the declaration. There were protests monks size leaders to no home circle of that theres no mention of the terminology of the jewish state that instead theyre talking about a National Home. This is. What the sides are trying to achieve and so response was that we mustnt go too far we have to take small steps we have to go with what is acceptable to the British Government at this time and then slowly slowly we can advance our course once we have this in hand. If you look at what. You have been could be. Certain. That. The. Us. On the eighteenth of september one thousand nine hundred seventeen there was a meeting of the british war cabinet the foreign secretary Arthur Balfour was absent. The secretary of state for india Edwin Montague who was jewish strongly disagreed with the declaration. He was opposed to zionism and said i deny that palestine is today associated with the jews or properly be regarded as a fit place for them to live montague thought a french to clear ration for porting zionism in june one nine hundred seventeen was anti semitic and negotiated changes to the british version as it went through several drafts. So you got a battle with them. Are going to. Live here. Of course. Yes good thing. Theyre on the whole. She will look. What people gonna. Do you. The well. A few days later secretary of state for war by counts milner and the jewish politician Philip Magnus sent a modified version to the cabinet it incorporated some of montagues changes. Including the caviar that quote nothing shall be done that might prejudice the rights and political status enjoyed by such jews who are fully contented with their existing nationality and citizenship. Drafting especially by a board millner the by september was closer to the language that would eventually be adopted in november of one nine hundred seventeen namely speaking not about palestine as a whole. But. Some sort of presence in palestine on behalf of the jews which is quite different cannot call can be wired well for him her money for. Nothing. Only their national. A literary if. Their and look at all and national. But not their National Home and i would not the national. Fear fall of the and. The committed zionists wanted to ensure the declaration was clear that the whole of historic palestine would be a National Homeland exclusively for the jewish people. The latest draft was sent to hire men who in turn center to the Zionist Movement in the United States for their feedback. There was some consultation during. Summer of one thousand nine hundred seventeen with the United States and in the early drafts that. Had the imprint of the zionist elements in britain would have referred to palestine in its entirety as being for sort of jewish and b. And those elements eventually were modified before the drafting was finalized another key part of the terminology that emerged out of the drafting was in some british redrafting where sort of for the jewish people it was written the jewish race adventure this was taken out but i think its very revealing that british officials wanted to use this kind of terminology because after all this was how they understood the jews of the world as being a racial group when tremendous power and also could be inspired all together as one behind the cause of scientism supported by britain and the allies its striking that the existing arab people in the region were not named at all theyre simply called the quote existing non jewish communities in palestine. But. Say that we have it already but that usually the men tell the skirt is a hot ticket milty they could not take nor free the ownership men but the law is absolutely not weve concluded was she really just a few you know bothered the party keek. By october of one nine hundred seventeen the final draft of the Balfour Declaration was ready and waiting only British Government final approval. There was a rumor that germany was about to issue a similar declaration supporting the rights of the jews in palestine when balfour heard he rushed to get his final draft discussed at the cabinets meeting on the thirty first of october one thousand nine hundred nineteen. So when we think about the centenary of the Balfour Declaration everyone considers second of november nineteenth seventeen as the moment of the day creation itself but it was actually agreed to by the british cabinet on the thirty first of october and this was a hugely significant meeting and in the minutes of that meeting balfour reiterates the principle reasons for supporting zionism and highlights its expected propaganda effects amongst jews around the world particularly in the United States and in russia the argument was was put forward most wrongly by lord balfour at the meeting of october thirty first and what he argued was that issuing this declaration would be extremely helpful for the british in sillett of flying the support of the United States and also in countering propaganda from germany the critical thing to remember about british diplomatic pronouncements is that what one individual says does not represent the views of the government as a whole and you will find many different points of view among british officials in the years one thousand seven hundred nine hundred eighteen and right into the early years of the mandate but the british were very clear that they had not promised statehood to the Zionist Movement they had no interest in doing so the british did not support Jewish Nationalism they did not support arab nationalism they supported british imperialism but this is also the meeting where lord curzon. Theres a member of the walk up and it disquiet about the possible effects of supporting zionism on the palestinian population and the palestinian opposition is completely disregarded lord curzon wrote a paper to the cabinet asking what was quote to become of the people of this country. There were over half a million syrian arabs a mixed community with arab hebrew canaanite greek egyptian and possibly crusaders blood they and their forefathers of occupied the country for the best part of one thousand five hundred years they own the soil they profess the mohammedan faith they will not be content either to be exposed for jewish immigrants or to act merely as he was of wood and drawers of water to the latter. But his prescient remarks fell on deaf ears its like who tells highlights when at the end of the workout that its meeting dr its a boy and so they witness the birth of an agreement to create a Jewish National home as a baby in the middle east. The final draft of the Balfour Declaration was sixty seven words long. His majestys government view with favor the establishment in palestine of a National Home for the jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non jewish communities in palestine or the rights and political status enjoyed by jews in any other country. I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation you all sincerely james bond photo. In terms of International Law it really has very little standing in International Law you know treaties between nations have significance. But the governments often issue policy statements statements of intention about what they plan to do and those really dont have any standing as as a matter of of law for britain this was. I suppose you would say a statement of its intention as to what it would do if it were to take over palestine which of course it had not yet done as of november one thousand nine hundred seventeen thats got to go right to has done. Let me. She. Should have been done yeah if. You do so because your minds were shot down who taught them love. Show you off your lawyer any. Two years after the declaration a Church Leader in jerusalem wrote to british Prime Minister lloyd george about jews in palestine trying to control holy sites. Lloyd georges office had said that high invites men didnt want to do anything affecting the rights of arabs it said he simply wanted to be involved in a council to help provide refuge to jews fleeing russia and eastern europe. This exchange suggested that britain felt it had not promised a jewish state but simply a place for them to live alongside arabs. When the league of nations set out the british mandate in palestine in one nine hundred twenty three it made britain responsible for implementing the Balfour Declaration. As a result jewish immigration to palestine increased as did arab opposition to it expressed in a series of palestinian protests against britain in the one nine hundred twenty s. They understood the people of palestine to be muslims and christians but did not emerge that they would constitute a laughable community that would seek National Independence and after the war very quickly when it becomes clear that palestinian arab nationalism mobilizing against zionism. The British Government a quick to see a major problem the Balfour Declaration had put in train a series of events that began to signal its deep flaws arab descent built to the three year revolts between one nine hundred thirty six and one nine hundred thirty nine it was a nationalist uprising against the British Administration demanding arab independence and the end of jewish immigration it was in the pill commission of one nine hundred thirty seven that the british first recognized that instead of balancing communities they had set in motion a rivalry between incompatible National Movements jewish and palestinian arabs. And it was at that point that they tried to solve the problem by dividing palestine into two states arab and jewish through a partition plan and i think there you have the first recognition or admission from british officials of the failure of the Balfour Declaration. In may nine hundred thirty nine the British Government published a policy document on palestine called a white paper its abandoned the partitioning of palestine into two states and called instead for an independent palestine in which arabs and jews would share government it limited jewish immigration to seventy five thousand for five years and said that the arab majority should determine future immigration levels. Its also said that balfour had not meant to create a jewish state at the expense of the arabs any more than the mcmahon his stay in correspondence twenty four years before had promised an arab state to shareef hossain of mecca. But the white paper met opposition and was dropped. The British Government a quick to see a major problem but theres no way that they can back away from support for zionism because this becomes the basis for their justification for being in the holy land their commitment to supporting the movement in the Balfour Declaration which becomes in shrine in International Law in the terms of the mandate for palestine so the british are stuck with zionism they didnt but that was entirely wrong and didnt happen because the jewish power is fake is false. In september one thousand nine hundred eighty nine german expansionism led to the Second World War over sixty Million People died including between five and six million jews the majority in nazi concentration camps. The british mandate ended at midnight on the fourteenth of may one nine hundred forty eight and immediately the formation of the state of israel was announced. Justified by the terms of the Balfour Declaration issued thirty one years before. While israelis celebrated the birth of their nation seven hundred thousand palestinians were forced into camps and exile. The government enough to flood and go with you wanted to go. You know so like to go. To work for palestinians the Balfour Declaration represents the moment an imperial power promised their land away to another people. Is that. What about the bridges. They hold bell for responsible for their expulsion displacement and occupation. From dusky sunsets over the sprawling savanna. To sunrise atop an asian metropolis. Welcome back well look at the weather conditions across the americas this is a weather front been pretty active over the last twenty four hours paraguayans seen some very heavy rain coming from this system well so the far south of brazil is still there ascensions wet rio de janiero seen some wet weather too also plenty of showers through parts of bolivia extending up into peru and on into ecuador further south looking fine for santiago in chile that sunshine twenty six degrees but through monday still those showers very much in evidence and that frontal system edges slightly further towards the north but not by much so lets head up into the caribbean theres plenty of sunshine here obviously a few showers around but jerry weather conditions not too bad across the islands as we look at the isthmus weve got some showers here across of panama costa rica and the curriculum out towards honduras but once you get into wards mexico is looking fine yucatan peninsula plenty of sunshine makes your city should be pleasant during the course of monday up into north america in the satellite imagery shows a couple of significant closer masses one moving towards central and eastern parts of kind of the another one across the Pacific Northwest so the some snow here seattle strong with temperatures just four degrees some heavy snow across eastern parts of canada some showers through the middle east coast find washington eyes of nineteen. The weather sponsored by cattle and race. Ghana stand as the best geology of both mentally resources and hydra bird flu why are they so poor the measures you guys which finally form a government that may have the toxin when essentially now is the more we lead first and the more they push back we knew it was coming to the question was do we sit back and wait for do we surprise them with a preemptive strike on the on the board at this time and im just hearing. This is al jazeera. Im Richelle Carey this is the news hour live from doha coming up in the next sixty minutes