For at least a minute, then of course stepan, he was also threatened with immediate death, another thing is that all this was redeemed by an absolutely excellent charismatic the smile of Sergei Bodrov jr. , everyone was in love with him, at that moment the gangster theme was absolutely dominant in cinema, all the films, the best films about bandits were on b. Brat, boomer and brigada. Following time without state, the time has come for a relative order of stability and tranquility, some sudden abundance for our population accustomed to difficulties, and this period was best expressed, in my opinion, by zhoro gooseberry, here, of course, there is no consensus decision on this person, but i continue insist that he is the best. The exponent of this period, as for the new times , ah, the director who will express it in the most accurate and beautiful way has not yet come to the fore, but well still clarify what it is, director number one, the main director of National Cinema, is not always the person who collects the biggest box office, and this is almost never a person recognized as national. By intellectual circles, the main director, director number one is the person who most accurately and clearly conveys the state of the national mentality in this particular period of time, and as for our National Cinema, in the first 30 years of soviet power, the main director of the country was joseph vaseryonovich stalin; it is unlikely that there was anyone who was able to stick to his line, or rather, such a person was called Sergei Mikhailovich ezenshtein. Imagine, the fact is that ezenstein considered himself a figure absolutely equal to stalin. He felt incredible respect for people capable of turning the world upside down, considered himself the same , and was not at all afraid of arrests or any stalinist influence, only with such a mentality was it possible to do what he. Eventually did, that is, it reflected some movement, some change the mass expression of the will of nations, which seemed at first spontaneous, but then acquiring some organized features in battleship potemkin in the strike in october, the achilles heel of einstein s work was still its somewhat archaic nature, Sergei Mikhailovich clearly understood that it was not my cinema that achieved the greatest emotional effect, but with its hyperbolism, with its emphasis on the camera and some excessive acting, as soon as sound came to cinema, all emotionality immediately began to wane. Esenstein tried as best he could to prolong period of a little cinema in mexico, where. With sound cinema, of course, it was bad due to technological backwardness, and then Alexander Nevsky made a not very successful film, full of some kind of excessive pathos, finally, on ivan the terrible, he figured out how to return , not my movie, he switched to truly operatic aesthetics, majestic scenery, music of his constant colleague the great sergei sergegevich prokofiev, constant either dancing in the frame or negotiations, such a demonic harsh recitative in style classical opera, were able to reintroduce spectacular emotionality, since esenstein, however, no one else could; when he died, the place of the Main National director remained vacant for quite a long time, primarily because the country was changing its system in some way, it was moving from the bolshoi absolutism with stalin and khrushchev in the center, to the collegial brezhnev leadership, the system changed slightly. To express this people, not everyone was ready, there is a feeling that during the 11 years of khrushchevs rule, to some extent a serious and accurate exponent of the surrounding life did not appear, but he appeared just after the borezhnevsky coup in sixtyfour, in sixtyfive leonid gaidais film operation y, and other adventures of shurik was released, the fact is that it was at that moment. In in soviet russia, a middle class began to emerge with its very specific urban approach to the realities of life, to the needs of certain freedoms, and so on, and the unconditional representatives of the middle class were both shurik on the one hand, and Semyon Semyonovich gorbunkov continued his work on the other. Shurik was the First Student in many years to appear on the big screen, nikita sergeevich. He hated students, for 11 years not a single picture was released in which a student was a positive character , shurik was actually the first, and he not only crammed lectures and answered evidence, but behaved like a fullfledged romantic hero, uh, fought on balalaikas with punks , then fought with her on rapiers, then wrapped lumpina in wallpaper and carried out educational work with him, and this clearly produced. An indelible impressed the most beautiful girls in moscow and the Moscow Region and the near transcaucasia. This is still the podcast burn with fire and i, its host denis gorelov, with a story about the most important events of National Cinema of the past 30 years, about the leading trends in the development of National Cinema and where it will move in the very near future. As for the senior economist of giproryba, Semyon Semyonovich garpaunkov, he was a bearer of deeply traditional values and resisted in every possible way the various temptations that the foreign the world, uh, where he traveled on the steamboat mikhail svetlov, and uh, the carriers of the ideology of this world, gesha and lyolik. Ah, Semyon Semyonovich stood firm, rejected gold, diamonds, and a robe with motherofpearl buttons, and even, in general, at a critical moment. He would tell me beer, uh, if he went on a drinking binge, he would definitely perform russian at the same time the National Anthem , the prose song, these were the main people of the emerging new world, and another thing is that in the seventies, gaidais cinema really deteriorated, and perhaps not because its his fault, the fact is that reality has deteriorated, uh, inside the new middle class there has appeared. Its own rather specific layer of swindlers, moneygrubbers, and the gaidai simply could not help but notice it, on the one hand, because he was quite sensitive and understanding an artist, on the other hand, because he himself loved money very much, he didnt hide it, in the film 12 chairs all the characters were swindlers, in the film there can be no pozashchenko, all the heroes were swindlers, and even in the film there is an incognito from st. Petersburg according to the auditor. Also all the heroes were swindlers, even when Ivan Vasilyevich changed his profession, the weight of the swindlers was such that it is quite difficult to say who is the main character in the film, Ivan Vasilyevich appears quite rarely, and in the end he is taken away in a straitjacket, as for shurik, who appears there under the name of an engineer timofeev and the transporter , Ivan Vasilyevich and the house manager bunshu back and forth in the middle ages and back, he is clearly losing the site to the surrounding baggage and even his wife , the beautiful girl lida, leaves him for yakin and therefore truly bright the characters there turn out to be zhulik miloslavsky zhullik shpag and the petty rascal director yakin, and this is a rather frank and correct reflection of the surrounding reality , it just so happened that even in sportloto 82, the film that was gaidais last box office success, the swindlers performed by pugovkin and kakshenov outright overacted light. Wonderful positive hero played by algis orlauskas, not because orlauskas is a worse artist, because in life the swindlers won, this, in fact, was the end of soviet aesthetics and soviet life, it came to the point that at the same time as balabanov, almost the same year as his brother , a wonderful picture by maxim pezhimsky, mama negoryu, came out, where, in fact , the myth of such a bandit christ was worked out, and corrupt policemen and bandits from different sides were looking for vulnerable, some mythical creature nicknamed a sailor, every time they practically grabbed him by the tailbone, some kind of grace found them, they let him go, like the real real christ our jesus iosifovich, because felt that he was walking the right path and even if he went on a long journey, he always remembered that his homeland was waiting, there was no place in the whole world, we were dearer than our home country, the song was sung just at the credits, in fact, somehow , only representatives of gangster groups could preserve their property and selfrespect, many decent directors rose to the occasion , and around the time of the brother, a year after its release, there was a default in the country, the ruble, of course, fell, television there simply was no money to purchase foreign tv series, at that very moment the formation of the National Tv Series business began, producer kopitsa released the first season of streets of broken lights and the first season of National Security agent in 1999, unfortunately, then the series was used because some kind of Law Enforcement pathos had already become applicable to him, and somewhere in the fifth or sixth season , it became completely impossible to watch all this, first the main directors fell away from the series, then kopic himself died in 2004, if my memory serves me correctly, then in the end , all the main characters began to drop out one by one, in general, by the sixth. Season, from the streets of broken lamps, there was practically nothing left that was in first, and it is quite difficult for todays viewers to explain what a sensation the picture made at the time of its release in ninetynine. This is still the podcast burn with fire and i, its host denis gorelov, with a story about the most important events of National Film production and National Film distribution of the last 30 years, about the main trends in the development of national. Cinema and how it will develop in the very near future. The country was changing, and some circumstances did not correspond to balabanovs main message, resistance to the surrounding world, but of course, the inertia of the audiences perception and understanding of the surrounding world by filmmakers is quite large, balabanov remained in charge until his death, over there, go , maybe ill take it, my star is always with me, in 2013 in my opinion, but at that moment it was already quite obvious that a new time has come, a time of abundance that has suddenly fallen completely, uh, a time when there is quite predictable stability around, and td. And here the director novy was already needed, he actually appeared in 2013, the first film was released, directed by andrei pershin, bitterly. And pershins name is absolutely unknown to anyone in the country, because he shot all his films under the rollicking pseudonym zhorok kryzhovnikov. Ah, it was egorka, egorko i. And let 2, and the best day and the series call dicaprio. In times of stability, people most often begin to deal with personal life, the films were mainly focused on personal internal relationships in families, and it is not at all surprising that in almost all of the films listed, the wife played, the then wife of gooseberry. His then muse. The characters in the films were, in general, quite strange; it cannot be said that there is even one gooseberry in the films. Character, on the other hand, you cant call them all at least unconditionally negative, these are people who can hit you in the head with a bottle, on the other side to pull you out from under the fire and become your best friend, in general , our compatriots surrounding him, and a very accurate look, perhaps, with the most sympathy he treated the wife of her characters, but when his wife. In the film the most best day i took a crowbar and tore up a police car, it became clear that this, of course, was a real storm in the desert, you also need to keep a safe distance from it, as in general, with all of us, and, mm, to be honest, all the mistakes happening in the pictures miraculously, they are still corrected, and sometimes even in a real way. Remember how in the film irony of fate, at one time everything developed for a moscow doctor and a st. Petersburg teacher not quite in the right direction, when they already started dancing among themselves, things openly headed towards sex and it was absolutely clear that if something happened between them, then there would be no continuation for this couple; the whole matter was saved by a drunk. Who kicked the door for a long time, shouted that he had been warmed up and robbed, and exactly the same thing always happens in all kruzhovnikovs paintings something unexpectedly beautiful, magical, which corrects all the misunderstandings and returns all the heroes to the correct orbit. Lets kiss now and jump. No, well, this will be our ceremony, come on. Bitter, look at him, uh, quarantine, come on, jump, come on, quentin, brother there again the idiots ruined everything, she came and tore our heads off , the crazy song doesnt owe us anything, im going crazy, crazy spring, crazy plague, crazy plague, spring has come games. Kryzhovnikov is a deeply uplifting author, and i think thats why such formal recognition by the film Critical Community did not happen to him. Our intelligentsia loves to wash clothes more than anything in the world, and if you look at the list of 50 selected by critics, the most important films of the last twentyfifth anniversary, you will understand that, uh, after each of these films you want to hang yourself, not a single film by kryzhovnikov is among them, another thing is, that i already had the opportunity to make sure that this person, the most accurate exponent of stable times, quite a lot of people agree with me, in yuzha sakhalinsky to me, its true that some viewers told me that gooseberry and balabanov are incomparable, but the times and the abundance of money that fell on ones head are also incomparable with the dashing nineties, in fact, the heroes of gooseberry are dunces, who, as a result of suddenly appearing prosperity, are tempted to become euroboobies, but stick to their , the traditionalist view remain themselves, now is a new stage, the stage. Of conditional and outright confrontation, and the people who will best express this period are still in the shadows, i cant to say who it will be, at the moment, a whole group has emerged, such new wild directors, this is kiril sokolov, who shot Wonderful Films dad, tear it off and throw it away, about a real bloody civil war within families, which still ends well, this is peter dikarev with a painting by guyler. With Zakhar Prilepin in the title role, this is roman dzhigalov with the film forest, this is Roman Mikhailov with the film a tale for old people, nikolai rybnikovs film chicago seems to be moving in the same direction, this is such a wild russia, deciding its problems, sometimes even at the cost of prison and scrip, but still not deviating from what was set. Course, that a new director will appear, there is no doubt about it, perhaps not tomorrow or the day after tomorrow, sometimes inertia requires a wait of about three to 4 years, but he will definitely be, in valery todorovskys time, when he only turned 30, they asked why there were no new torkovskys in the country, he said no, that means theres no need, as soon as. in the same way , there is a demand in the country for a new spokesman for confrontational times, there is effective demand in there is a cinematic cinema, which means there will definitely be this new director , well talk in five years, it was a podcast called burn with fire and i, its host denis gorelov, with a story about the main current. Cinematic trends. Hello, this is the lab podcast, my name is dmitry bak, i am the host of a literary podcast that has a wonderful name, let them not talk, let them read. Today. You and i will talk about how they read or write books about the past, books about history, and my interlocutor today, doctor of historical sciences, professor vladimir rastislavovich medinsky. Hello, vladimirovich, good evening, thank you for coming to us, and well, in the traditions of our program, i would like to start from the very beginning, well , maybe you can briefly tell us how it happened that in the youth. Well, to be honest, i was going to enter a military school, i come from a family of hereditary military men, specifically the school named after the supreme council, the highest command, but already in the ninth grade they explained to me that due to my eyesight i was not suitable for a command school, only for some someday technical, since i wanted to be a commander, and my Favorite Book was mityaeva, the book of future commanders, yes, we know this one from childhood, then. Well, i had to retrain as a civilian and there are further options. Since my favorite subjects were literature and history at school, then accordingly i was preparing to enroll at the same time in the faculty of history, went to preparatory courses at moscow university, and mgimo, the faculty of international journalism, yeah, why mgemo, because we essentially have two specialized specializations there , this is journalism and history of international relations, with more attention paid to history. Such things or different, international journalism, the history of international relations, the history of the cpsu is included in this totality , well, i had it, three pairs every week, always, then the history of the ussr, the history of the east, the history of european countries, america, thats all individual subjects, slavic countries, yes , yes, as a separate subject, and then there is regional studies, that is, the history of the country of its first language. But in those years, in such universities like magimo, gites, the exams were a month earlier than all the others, you could only enter one university, everyone failed , they calmly went with their documents to another, to enter a normal university, i had everything planned, i failed mgemo and after that i applied for the faculty of history, but i got in, thats why it turned out that i passed four more exams, a ballattestat, this is a creative competition for me, four exams, and interviews. Gradually, as i understand it, after all, for some period, history, well, took up most of the show professionally, no, well, i, i ca nt say, well, for example, when i had the honor to serve in the ministry of culture, those topics are also close, cultural heritage, history, culture is a comprehensive concept, so one way or another, this is a craving from childhood for history , it was being implemented, then i was instructed to create, correctly speaking, the russian militaryhistorical society, it is the legal successor, one might say, of the imperial, imperial military. Russia since ancient times, when there were imperial societies, geographical, palestinian, yes, they are all recreated today, they work successfully, please tell me, but still history is a very wide field, as we see even from your professional fate, after all, for you it is, first of all, a continuation a youthful romantic dream, or is it a strictly academic. Profession, or is it a means of persuasion , a means of communication, very different meanings are put into this word, and first of all, i think we need to distinguish between two meanings, history is something significant , that took place in the past, yes, or simply significant, they say , historical events are happening around , after all, for you history comes first, that well, everything that you listed, its all there, its all all of this. There is certainly history it is politics or politics thrown back into the past, yes, history is certainly an important component in any country in any civilization, an important component of ideology, something that explains something, starts from something, motivates, gives canons of behavior, and i in general inclined consider that history is not so much in modern. Conditions, in modern conditions, understanding that science, all this is true, but in modern conditions history is not only the science of the past, but the science of the future, because it gives very serious reasons, these accumulated millennia of civilizational experience provide a basis for forecasting, history never repeats itself, well, there are still some cycles, it doesnt even repeat itself verbatim, uhhuh, uhhuh. Since the situations in which people find themselves are somehow identical, and humanity, as you and i know very well, here is a person, he has been for the last, well, as far as we can observe , there have been 3,000 years, he has practically not changed, well, not at all, well, completely, completely, only Technology Changes and technologies, then accordingly, the human reaction to those or others similar, it is predictable, yes, it is predictable. Accordingly, the better you know history , the more accurately you can predict, and what will happen after this, yeah, just following the example of analogues, you know how, like judicial precedents in law, how you collected, how medicine is based on centuries of experience, these medicines help, but these dont , these herbs heal, but ethics heal, and these, therefore, History Today is already a science, it is not only the chronicle of humanity, it is not only. Formulate in such a way that the better a person knows history, the more free he is from emotions, from hasty decisions , from the belief that everything is happening for the first time, for example, there is 1863, the polish riot, the skating rinks on the one hand, the westerners on the other hand, poland for our your freedom, europe supports, a year is not such an important milestone, if we remember that all this happened, does this provide an opportunity to maintain some kind of sobriety, not unconditionally take sides, does history give academic sobriety, or is it sobriety of a different kind, history gives wisdom, and gives an understanding that we are not. Today, moreover, our ancestors, and the more i sometimes dive into the history of technologically similar situations, as we have, there are a lot of them, the more i understand that our ancestors, in many ways, without owning iphones and fashionable programs, were wiser us, namely, they found simple, understandable, nontechnological, Human Solutions in certain difficult situations. And what they created was more durable, so of course, well, any person who wants to adequately assess the present, of course, should know history, so you said a wise thing that our ancestors managed without many gadgets, without many simplifications, databases, but they had to walk everywhere, i remember the phrase of theodor adorn, a philosopher and musicologist, who said that you need to enjoy the music. Go to where it is being performed, that is, perform some difficult action, this is a very, really wise thing, now everything seems to be too easy, and you might think that it has never been, but there is a wonderful beginning of the days of the alexanders, and then the mysticism into which alexander ii falls, i mean, or there is the wonderful beginning of alexander ii, the future liberator, this is the end with the attempt at dictatorship of the heart of loris melikova, yes, all these are understandable sinusoids that really allows you to predict a lot, well, its these things in our history that are interesting, understandable, tell me, this is such a thing, very important, after all. There is academic history as something unchangeable, well, positivist, lets say, yes, with an unchangeable set of some truths or after all well, all the sayings about the unpredictable past and so on, they are still true, well, the theory is dry , my friend, but the tree of life, for example, yes, we can talk about a positive true history, or is it still changing according to in addition, changes in who looks at her, you know, i im not in the concept of positivist or positive, sometimes they say that history puts slightly different meanings, because history is not only a set of some facts, dates, yes, sources that can open up to us in a new way, because we are not we are now making a lot of New Historical discoveries, yes, but we can look at certain accomplished facts in a new way and so on, what is the reason for the new look . Well, we always look at history, its like anal school, yes, we always look at history and. Modernity, like since i wanted to ask you, modernity, yes, we are interested, we are trying to find answers to the questions of modernity, even if we are not aware of this, but the question is different, the question is, will you look at history based on your todays ideas about good and evil, yeah, then it will be, well, basically everything will be terrible, terrible, of course, everything is terrible, well, how could it be, ivan the terrible, lord, that means there is heleatine there, uh, stalin, so to speak , you slept through the beginning of the war, thats where we wont look, or, you are still guided by the principle historicism, you will strive to look at history based on that time , well, that is, to separate yourself from research, not just to separate, to forget about yourself, to forget at all, to try to imagine yourself as an observer in that, in those ideas about morality and morality. Yeah, in those ideas about legality, in those surrounding circumstances, legislation, language, customs, yes, customs, and just the understanding of good and evil, they were completely different, i tell students all the time that a woman of the 19th century is always pregnant, so im such a marker, well, just the statistics are such that whether she is an empress, whether she is pushkins wife, it doesnt matter just mendeleev, he is the seventeenth child in the family, for example, it is very difficult to imagine, here is alexander ii, how many children there were, this is already the second. Half of the 19th century, this is almost, almost modernity, eight, yes, eight, yes , thats it, and from this followed a different attitude towards children. In peters times, they were looking for silver on this land, but they discovered gold. The truth is black, we are in the coal heart of russia in the city of gornyakovkemerovo. How many times have you already i went down and went up, what do you think, how many times i went down, so many times, thank god i got up. Theres a pedal, press it, come on, please dont disgrace me throughout the country, buddy, this is normal , this is not normal, outwardly calm, inside im trembling, what class, maybe you could teach me words, telub, less, well and you, what do you think , today the sun rose high, well, young man, its hard for you to understand, i said. I love you, the life of my people, the premiere, on sunday on the first, onelegged love, through doubts of resentment, not tell me how he was gogol, gogol, straight man from woman, it was a real curtain. Sing the star, season premiere, tomorrow on the first. So, i remind you that we have a lab podcast. Ya. Dmitry bak, host of a literary podcast, let them not talk , let them read, and today i am talking with professor, doctor of historical sciences, Vladimir Rostislavovich medinsky, tell me, here is the modern technical surroundings, here are all these possibilities for confirming some events, this helps, brings closer, to some extent yes, since there are modern technologies, history there is becoming more and more a science at the intersection with other sciences, well , there is radiocarbon analysis, i will talk about simple things , and dendrology is understandable to everyone, and the definition is increasing as time goes on. He restored the appearance of Fedor Ushakov after the war, having examined his burial, in my opinion in temnikov, somewhere in the monastery where ushakov had lived for the last 10 years, it turned out that there was nothing in common. The appearance of admiral fyodor ushakov, who, as we know, is not suvorov sea, not a single defeat, not a single ship lost in life, not a single captured sailor , ushakov, his appearance has nothing in common with the canonical portraits painted after his death, he is much tougher and meaner, well, with berring, who was mistaken for his relative, dada suvorov, we dont know what suvorov looked like, he looks different in all the portraits, yeah. At all, that is, its a pity that there is no photograph, roughly speaking, yes, here is academician gerasimov, well, actually, as you know very well, he even participated indirectly in the fate of our museum, because he recreated the appearance of Fyodor Mikhailovich dostoevskys mother, maria fedna, as a result the head was lost, well, yes, this is an incredible, incredible story, absolutely, yes, lets not go into it, but look what a paradox, here i am im convinced, and if we assume that during the battle of waterlow there were some modern technologies, then one would appear, the thesis of one agency, that such and such won, heres a video for you, confirmations, others won, heres a video for you, or there was no battle at all, or there was no napoleon, well an old soviet joke says that if i had a newspaper, rightly so, no one would know that i was defeated at waterloo, remember there, napoleon, if they had modern ones. Everything else, then in principle it would be possible to win the war without a battle. Please tell me, but if we talk about, well, such trends in history, in historiography in historical science, then which of them, well , developed in the 20th century, enjoy your sympathy, the question is not which trends are more accurate there or more fashionably, the question is that the main thing you need to think about is that after all. History is still a science, a science that relies on artifacts, evidence and various forms of sources and verification of these sources, while modern history in the era mass communications, its like with literature, you know, literature was literature about a writerwriter, until the internet appeared and every blogger imagined himself to be an orator, a writer, yes, especially since you pressed three buttons and you are already in mass distribution and no one. Tyutchev, like a censor, he wont be able to stop the stream of consciousness that rushes out of you, you know, a huge circulation, yes, circulations were never dreamed of, where did aleksandrugevich go, so its the same with history, which means you read the crap on the internet, and here you are you have intimate knowledge, you start arguing with professionals, you have no idea, i recently gave a lecture about emilian pugachev, well, it would seem. 250 years have passed there, when a pugachev fan club was discovered, and it turns out that he is pyotr fedorovich. But this is all romanovs falsification, he is peter fedorovich, and there was tartaria, it turns out that these are thousands of comments. Tartary, and you are deceiving us, and great tartary, led by the great, that is, pugachev family, then there are a lot of options where he came from. And like yeah,