Two people were transported to Christ Medical Center in Oak Lawn and one person was taken to the University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago Fire Department spokesman Larry Merritt said. All three people were initially listed in serious condition, according to Merritt.
One person was later pronounced dead, according to state police.
A fourth occupant was not wounded in the shooting, state police said.
All northbound lanes of I-57 near 119th Street remained closed as of 4 a.m., state police said.
The shooting comes amid a spike in violence on the Chicago area's expressways. As of late last week, authorities said 38 expressway shootings had been reported since the year began, a number that more than triples the amount of shootings seen at the start of 2020.