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For thousands of years, Egypt had a major trading partner known as Punt. Although the significance of Punt as a source of gold, ivory, and exotic timbers was well recorded, its exact location has been a mystery. Now that may have been solved, thanks to some mummified baboons. Egyptian records show a major trading expedition to Punt 4,500 years ago, and it appears gold had made its way between the kingdoms even earlier. Expeditions to Punt were celebrated in Egyptian art over thousands of years and form the basis of one of the oldest surviving hero s journey tales. The route there, however, is unknown, and historians have debated whether Punt lay in the Horn of Africa, Arabia, modern Sudan, or some mixture of all three. This uncertainty has not prevented part of modern Somalia from adopting the name Puntland. ....
They identified a hamadryas baboon skull tucked away in the British Museum’s archives and think that the fossil that was discovered in Thebes ( Luxor) in the 19th century came from Punt. The results of their study, published on eLife , explains that they studied the chemical isotopes in the baboon’s tooth enamel to try to pinpoint the animal’s birthplace. The British Museum holds two mummified baboons with New Kingdom attributions. C. D.E. are images of the 3,300-year-old baboon skull. (The Trustees of the British Museum/ ) Isotopic analysis is a useful tool for this endeavor because different places have distinct ratios of strontium isotopes in the soil and water and this “isotopic signature” of the place where an animal lives the first years of their life is seen in their tooth enamel – thanks to the water they drink and foods they consume. No matter where the animal lives later in life, their homeland’s isotopic signature remains in their tooth enam ....
Thanks to a mummified 3,300-year-old baboon skull, Nathaniel Dominy, a primatologist at Dartmouth College, and his team were able to get a solid idea as to Punt s whereabouts. The skull was archived in the British Museum s archives. This was a hamadryas baboon, which was originally discovered in Egypt, where these types of primates were revered even though they were not native to the land. Dominy s team studied this particular baboon s teeth, more specifically the oxygen and strontium isotope compositions found in their enamel, to find clues of its birthplace. The reason for looking into isotopes is because the region s soil and water have a specific ratio of strontium isotopes, something that gets locked into tooth enamel in the primate s first years of life. ....
HANOVER, NEW HAMPSHIRE According to a Science Magazine report, primatologist Nathaniel Dominy of Dartmouth College and his colleagues analyzed the chemical composition of teeth from mummified baboon remains stored in the British Museum and the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology at University College London, and compared them to samples taken from baboons from eastern Africa and southern Arabia. Hamadryas baboons were believed by ancient Egyptians to be the embodiment of the god Thoth, who was associated with the moon and wisdom, and Amun-Ra, the sun god. The highly valued, living animals were imported from the mysterious Land of Punt, a trading partner that also supplied Egypt with incense, gold, and leopard skins for more than 1,100 years. Scholars have long debated its geographic location, but the study suggests that two New Kingdom–period hamadryas baboons had been born and raised somewhere in the regions now known as Eritrea, Ethiopia, and northwest Somalia. Dominy s ....