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Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease affecting millions of people in the world. It occurs when the pancreas cannot produce insulin, resulting in episodes of hyperglycaemia that can lead to heart attacks, renal failure, or death. The main cause is the auto destruction of beta cells that produce insulin, located in the pancreatic islets (or islets of Langerhans). Current treatments include insulin injections that decrease the blood glucose level. However, it can sometimes generate hypoglycaemia or insulin resistance on the patients. Bioprinting allows controlled engineering of pancreatic islets with hydrogel scaffolds and transplanting them into the patients. Nevertheless, immunotolerance of the grafted constructs has yet to be achieved. Currently, the islets are implanted together with immunosuppressors to avoid the rejection, but these affect the functionality of the beta cells. Co-transplanting regulatory T cells (Tregs) that regulate the autoimmune response could be the solution
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