Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, including those in the CEMAC (Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa) region are endowed with abundant natural resources that hold significant potential for economic growth. But in many instances, these opportunities were wasted, and results were disappointing: resource-rich countries in SSA often have registered lower economic growth and higher inequality than those without such resources – a phenomenon referred to as the “resource curse”. A recent World Bank report, which expands on the research conducted by Cust et al. (2022) , undertakes a comparative study between the CEMAC region and other SSA countries and provides the following key findings.
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United-states
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Equatorial-guinea
Botswana
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Van-eeghen
World-development-indicators
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Disaster losses are increasing and evidence is mounting that climate change is driving up the probability of extreme natural shocks1–3. Yet it has also proved politically expedient to invoke climate change as an exogenous force that supposedly places disasters beyond the influence of local and national authorities4,5. However, locally determined patterns of urbanization and spatial development are key factors to the exposure and vulnerability of people to climatic shocks6. Using high-resolution annual data, this study shows that, since 1985, human settlements around the world—from villages to megacities—have expanded continuously and rapidly into present-day flood zones. In many regions, growth in the most hazardous flood zones is outpacing growth in non-exposed zones by a large margin, particularly in East Asia, where high-hazard settlements have expanded 60% faster than flood-safe settlements. These results provide systematic evidence of a divergence in the
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Mozambique
Bernhofen
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Nigeria
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Karnataka
India
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