Dredging is vital for maintaining navigable waterways, supporting maritime trade, and removing contaminated sediments. However, it can disrupt ecosystems through increased turbidity, contaminant release, and habitat destruction. As a result, responsible management is needed to strike a balance between enabling economic progress through dredging and preserving the environment.
Optical waveguides are specialized devices or mediums designed to confine and direct light propagation along a predetermined path, primarily in the form of optical signals or photons. These waveguides rely on the fundamental principles of electromagnetic theory to regulate the transmission and containment of light waves within their structures.
While deep seabed mining offers a potential new source of scarce metals, it also poses risks of environmental harm that must be carefully studied and mitigated. This article examines how fluid mechanics underlies these challenges.
This article provides an overview of laser heat treatment, how it works, the various techniques and processes involved, key applications across industries, and the future outlook for this rapidly evolving technology.