Introduction: In orthopaedic surgery, hip fracture patients represent one of the largest cohorts. Hip fracture is a serious injury commonly occurring in frail and elderly patients. Fast-track admission pathways aim to streamline patients through accident and emergency departments, resulting in shorter wait times and less negative patient outcomes. Aim: To examine the impact of a fast-track pathway on length of stay for adults admitted to an acute hospital with a hip fracture. Methods: CINAHL Plus with Full text (via EBSCO host), MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase database searches were carried out in January 2021, to find all relevant literature for this review, as well as through searching additional sources. Eligible studies were quantitative primary research, focusing on the use of fast-track admission pathway care versus usual care, for adults with a hip fracture. The assessment of study suitability, data extraction, and critical appraisal was carried out by two independent auth
Aims: To assess the effect of nurse-guided use of incentive spirometer on postoperative oxygenation and pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Background: Deep breathing exercises have been shown to improve postoperative lung expansion and reduce pulmonary complications. An incentive spirometer is a deep breathing exercises device that imitates continuous sigh-like maximal inspiration. Design: Randomized control trial, two groups nonblinded parallel design. Methods: A total of n = 89 eligible patients were randomized to either control or intervention group. Patients in the intervention group received bihourly nurse-guided incentive spirometry for 48-h postextubation. The endpoints were: the number and duration of hypoxic events during the first 24-hr postsurgery, pneumonia and pulmonary function parameters. Data were collected May to September 2019. Results: Patients in the intervention group had a significantly lower mean number of hypoxic events with shor
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