An increasing number of women are choosing to remain single throughout their lives, while even those tying the knot are increasingly choosing not to have children.
A 46-year-old woman living in the Tokyo metropolitan area feels a twinge of pain every time she hears about government spending plans to support younger generations and lift the declining birthrate.
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Many older single women in Japan are struggling to make ends meet in their low-paid, nonregular jobs and are trapped in casual employment in a country with a persistently wide gender gap.