Transcripts For CSPAN Washington This Week 20161120

Key external operators off the field. The thing im probably most concerned about the thing im most concerned about is making sure that even u. S. Do that, u. S. Policy, statements, u. S. Positions dont further radicalize muslims or alienate and potentially radicalize lawabiding muslims who are living in europe or in the United States. Is importanthy it for us to understand those are our key allies is this fight. Mike. You, mr. President. This final foreign trip is obviously playing out in different circumstances then you might have expected. A different transition is underway then you might have envisioned. As you saw to potentially perch this trip. My ebay but offer the counselor successor that he hoped to draw upon . A political note, you talked often during your Reelection Campaign about this fever that consumed the republican party, and effective political strategy they employed. What might be your advice to democrats who might see that kind of strategy as the same path to taking back the power from the republicans . Kent will be your first House Democrats about whether or not the same people with the party leader in the house . I will work in reverse. I think nancy pelosi is an outstanding and his oracle political leader. Havech of what we accomplished was accomplished because of her smarts, her skill,y, her legislative and i dont normally metal with party votes, and certainly on my way out the door i shouldnt meddle here. But i cannot speak highly enough of nancy pelosi. She combines strong progressive with extraordinary political skill. And she does stuff thats tough, not just stuff thats easy. Test stuffstuff in thats unpopular in her own base because its right by the American People. I think shes a remarkable leader. With respect to democrats and republicans and how democrats should do with a new administration, i certainly dont want them to do what Mitch Mcconnell did when i was elected, and the day of and say our sole objective is to not with him on anything, even if the country is about to go into a depression so that we can gain seats in the midterms and ultimately defeat him. Thats not why the American People send us to washington. So that is not my advice to democrats. My advice is know what you care about and what you stand for. And fight for your principles. Even if it is a hard fight. If there are areas where the new administration is doing some thing that isnt good for the American People, find a way to work with them. Think it is going to be a problem and say so and make it part make the argument. The touchstone is what is good for the American People . And that has worked for me. It means at the end of the day and at the end of eight years i can look back and say i did what meansght was best area it it doesnt mean i didnt make mistakes, but it means youre being true to your own. Of reflecting on the u. S. Presidency as i have i think the main reflection i have and the main that i give to the the unitedesident is states really is an indispensable nation in our world order. And i say that as somebody who to gone out of his way express respect for every country and its people and to consistently acknowledge many of the challenges we face are not challenges america can solve on its own. But what i also know is the basic framework of the world order coming out of world war ii and then through the end of the cold war was shaped by a set of that hadd principles worked for the vast majority of people, not just america but around the world. The notion of democracy and the rule of law. And free press and independent judiciary and open markets and to social welfare state moderate the sharp edges of capitalism. And lifting up issues of human rights and investing in public adjusting development our borders but elsewhere in the world. And working with multilateral institutions like the United Nations. That is what has made the modern world. There have been times we have not observed these norms as well as we should have. Have been accused of hypocrisy where here in latin america countries have felt disrespected, and there is many cause for that. There are times we havent observed these values within our own country and all in short of our own ideals. That basic structure is the reason why the world is much wealthier and much more secure and less violent, healthier, better educated, more tolerant than it was 50 years ago. And that requires constant work. It doesnt just happen on its own. Europe, i said this in places where there is push back against this modern order. But you take an example like europe, before that order was we had two world wars in the span of 30 years. One, 16 Million People were killed. Not half a million, not one million, but 60 million. Entire continents. In places like the asiapacific, before that order existed, youve routinely saw famines of millions of people. Not just concerns about low , but people dying because they did not have any food or Drinking Water or died of cholera. Or simple diseases, if nobody had any penicillin. What i would say would be we all share responsibilities for improving that order and maintaining it and making sure it is more inclusive. And delivering greater hope and prosperity for more corners of the world. We all have responsibility in respect to dignity and work of their citizens. There are limits to our reach in if they choose not to provide Girls Education or siphon off Development Funds into swiss bank accounts. We are not going to be able to handle every problem. But if we are not on the side of makingt, if we are not the argument and fighting for it, then it collapses. And there is nobody to fill the void. There really isnt. There are other very important countries like china, but china wasnt going around organizing 200 nations to sign on to a paris agreement. For putting together the paper and policy outlined conceptual framework. Russia is a very significant military power. But they are not worrying right after at how to rebuild hurricane in haiti, we are. And i have said before, that is a burden we should carry proudly. I would hope not just the 45th president of the United States, understandsesident that is not only a burden but an extraordinary purpose. If you have a chance to do that right, then you should seize it. Thank you, everybody. [applause] cspan, where history unfolds daily. As it9 c status just Public Service by americas Cable Television companies and is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. This week on newsmakers we are joined by congressman adam smith from washington, a top democrat on Armed Services. We have two defense reporters. Go ahead with the first question. Shortly after the election, the first question i have for you, why did the democrats lose the presidency . There is no one answer to that. This election was decided by 12,000 votes in michigan. It was razor thin. I will point out that the democratic candidate got more votes, just like Democratic Candidates for congress got more votes nationwide, despite the fact that we got more seats. There are a whole bunch of different issues. I think the biggest challenge we have is we have is we had an elector that is growingly hostile towards the media, business leaders, political leaders. All the former opinion makers and would guide us through the country are way down. And the people are looking for something different. This was a clear outsider election from the start and at the end of the day we had a candidate who is the ultimate insider. Certainly secretary clinton had been a Prominent National figure for a long time. She was the ultimate insider and whatever you can say about donald trump was he was the ultimate outsider. People wanted something different. That is part of it, there are other deeper issues as to how the Democratic Party needs to appeal better to the working class and there are challenges there. We have to take a close look at these results and figure out how can we change our message and what we are doing in terms of Public Policy to appeal to those disaffected by todays election. I dont want to take up the entire time with the answer to one question. But these are growing populations, i think we need to take advantage of that. Also 7 million fewer people voted this election in 2012. If they had voted i have no doubt secretary clinton would have one. They werent excited about the candidate, about the party, we need to go to those people and give them a message and give them some policy proposals that will get them excited. Entire National Security community, whether the think tankers or for or and tylerficeholders, across the party they were against trump. Staffers were either silent or against him. Is your take on why that didnt seem to make a difference and what does it mean for what is going on now, donald trump titus fine National Security leaders to serve during his transition. The more you look like a candidate that the insiders dont like the more the voters are going to like you. The moment for donald trump was when he attacked john mccain. I got back here on monday and the big forward getting together. I noticed that his numbers had gone up after that. Anything that made it look like he wasnt and in writer helped him. Figure who known said im not with him just helps him with his message. The answer to your second question is it is really dangerous because experience does matter, having some knowledge of the world and having relationships matters a great deal. And when president elect trump gets into office hes owing to be not quite flying blind but pretty close to it. Dangerous that a particular Foreign Policy philosophy seems to be emerging. Their philosophy is alliances dont help us. They dont like nato, they dont like the u. N. They would rather work with an autocrat like putin in russia than they would with our nato allies. And also they think we havent basically, not just to attack crisis, but not enough to attack muslims in general. That seems to be their message. Themtalk about banning from coming into the country, and i think that could be a recipe for the clash of civilizations. Worried about the philosophy that is emerging amongst the people who are going to be advising president elect trump on National Security. Sessions Jeff Sessions as an attorney general. Ick do you have similar concerns about those picks . You could say we worked with people on the benghazi committee. Yes i have those concerns. Those people fit into the same worldview. I think the key to our success going into the rest of the 21st century is to build partnerships. We cant go it alone and we have to continue to promote values. And if we say we just assumed would do business with an autocrat with a horrible human , nato countries like europe like mr. Bannon has , for allowing immigrants and refugees. If we take this isolationist approach and want to work with people who are going to be antiislam, thats a recipe for a much more dangerous world. Reporter there have been quite a few names for secretary of defense that have been thrown out there. Are there any names you would suggest a shift in that worldview . Mr. Smith i dont think so, and its hard to know what to believe in terms of the names that have been thrown out there. Senator cottonwood not be good with regard to that worldview. You so i will have to wait and see. The way it is shaping up is a frightening. Reporter let me react to this a lot some of the Campaign Talk versus the reality. Even senator cotten started to sound more like a centrist and defended nato and defended the rational use of Nuclear Weapons and did not sound so blustery as a campaigner or even someone like general flynn or someone with an operator with a lot of combat experience. The reality of turning it back on nato and working with putin, would have to happen . Our operations across the middle east, across africa, so many intricacies that are different from the campaign bluster. Mr. Smith i dont think these people know exactly how it would work and that is scary. I worked with general flynn. As you know, ive done a lot of work with counterterrorism stuff. I was close with general mcchrystal and his staff when he was at socom and in afghanistan. There are aspects of what they say that make sense like we need to take the fight to al qaeda. But we have to work with moderate muslims and people like bannon and flynn laugh at that sense. There is no such thing. Yes, there is. There are a lot of muslims. The overwhelming majority of them want nothing to do with terrorists. This terrorism has killed more muslims than any other religion. There are many we can work with but if our rhetoric is all muslims are bad, we must take them on, then those partnerships fall apart and we become more divisive. I dont know what their shift is from their Campaign Rhetoric to actually governing and i think the scary thing is neither do they. Reporter can you predict what that might mean for that war . Mr. Smith im a little worried i was at the council of Foreign Relations yesterday and time, the republican foreignpolicy for the last eight years has been very simple. Whatever president obama does, its wrong. Thats not a foreignpolicy. It is not a National Security strategy. When you look at what is going on in syria and iraq, its a very difficult situation. I think president obama has made the right choices, not committing u. S. Forces, not making it look like a western power was coming to conquer a muslim land. That working with whatever partners we can find we worked with turkey and the kurds, but they hate each other. We try to work with the Iraqi Government, but the Iraqi Government pushes sunnis to the side. Its not easy but we have taken about half the territory that daesh had. Mosul is not going to be easy. We are on the outskirts of the capital in raqqa. I would like to see the general approach the president has taken to continue. I would like for donald trump to come out and say what president obama has been doing is right, but i dont think hes going to do that. His rhetoric is going from everyone to pull a ready out to send 100,000 troops in. He is advocating a more robust presence and to make it more american fight and i think that would be a huge mistake. You have to understand that we have defined partners in the muslim world and let them lead. They do not want a western christian nation to come in and tell them how to live and fix their problems and fight their fights. Does donald trump understand that . Does Michael Flynn understand that . Ive got more confidence in the latter, but its a low bar to jump over. Three or four months from now, they are going to primarily be saying it is all Hillary Clintons fault. Republicans have not taken responsibility for anything in a very long time so it is worrisome. Host how do you make the American People understand that . This nationalist rhetoric seems to be popular. Look at brexit. Look at what happened here. What do you say to the American People who dont believe you when you say it is dangerous . Tell them why. Mr. Smith i just did. That we would wind up in a global clash of civilizations, in a war with the muslim world that could drag us into all manner of different conflicts and make us much more vulnerable to terrorist acts, push more people into the arms of extremist groups and make us much more vulnerable as a country and turn us into an even deeper perpetual state of war if you dont fight a way to fight the ideological battle as opposed to just the military battle. I met with foreign minister of saudi arabia just couple of days ago and saudi arabia is not the most modern, advanced country. That they are educating women and have more schools for girls than they ever had. They are trying to integrate. There are people with extremist views and if they push too hard, too fast, they run the risk of a backlash. There are people we can work with in jordan, turkey is messy at the moment, but there are people we can work with their and there are tens of millions of individual muslims who want a more moderate choice, so what i tell the American People is that is why it is frightening. If you push this battle, if you make it too tribal, too us versus them, we are in a perpetual state of much more active war than we are right now. Reporter does this go back to the antielitism status quo reason that trump one . If you think of the way the counterterrorism fight has been executed in the last 15 years, trying to get locals to do it theres a different story right now in iraq, but last year, the amazing increase of the number of westerners killed by terrorism, its a 600 increase. People feel in their homeland that they are less secure now than they were four years or eight years ago. In mr. Smith i dont really think that is true. I think we face a grave threat, but if you could have predicted after 9 11 that 15 years later, knock on wood, we would have survived 15 years without another 9 11 style attack, i think you would have been happy with that outcome. The problem is what has happened now, and you always have dangerous people, there are always crazy people out there. There have been shootings and sociopaths for a very long time. The problem is now the sociopaths have decided they will claim they are with daesh. The guy in orlando, i dont know if that counts in your statistics are not, but was he really doing this in the name of islamic extremism or was he just a crazy guy who shot a bunch of people like the guy in colorado or the ones in columbine, the guy at Virginia Tech . Now, it has given all of these crazy nut jobs a label to grab onto. Go back and look at their history and some of these people were not even religious. Even the people who did the attack im spacing on the name of the magazine in france yes, they were muslim, yes, they claimed allegiance, but go and they claimed allegiance, but go back into their histories and they were drug addicts and alcoholics who never went to a mosque. They just wanted to commit a violent act and decided to hitch their ride to al qaeda reporter in the end, does that matter . Mr. Smith it absolutely matters in terms of how we approach it. Reporter if the public perceives we are unsafe and dont have the dexterity to break it out, its another extremist attack. Mr. Smith theres no question and life is dangerous in a lot of different ways. We have a high school in my district where some kid had a breakup with his girlfriend, then he went in and shot for people. That didnt have anything to do with terrorism. Weve had lockdowns at my Daughters High School over bomb threats and look its part of the broader Information Age and how individuals now feel vastly more empowered and this broader feeling that elites are always wrong. As donald trump would say, the system is rigged against them, so they lash out in a variety of different ways. That is a problem that goes beyond terrorism. But we also have to fight that broader ideological war. What has happened is while we have had success in containing the actual leadership of these groups, these lone wolf, radicalized individuals that go online and believe all the crazy stuff they read and go off and do something, that is the biggest National Security challenge regardless of how we approach his issues and that is a difficult one to contain. Reporter president elect trump has said he wants to raise the Defense Budget. Its one of the clear promises he made on the campaign and he has republicans in congress agreeing with him. How do you stop that and keep the construct you have had for the last couple of years . Mr. Smith first, understand the very Clear Campaign promises donald trump has made would be a chart of a way to put it. They are impossible to accomplish in the world we live in. He has promised somewhere in the neighborhood of 5 trillion in tax cuts. He is not promised a specific dollar figure but he has promised to build more ships if you add it all up, and im just picking it up from the top of my head, hes, sing like a 33 increase in the Defense Budget. You are losing a lot of revenue by cutting taxes dramatically and i know the republican argument is if you cut taxes you get more revenue. Usually one problem with that and it is absolutely untrue. He also promised to spend more money on infrastructure. And he is concerned about the deficit. It doesnt add up. When i worry about him increasing the Defense Budget at the expense of these other things, i want to see how he goes from the the phrase occurring to me cannot be set on television i cannot come up with an alternative. The campaign stuff that cannot happen, are they going to do to reconciliation bills that actually cut taxes . Somethings got to give. We have to wait and see what they actually propose. Reporter you say you want to do away with sequestration. Is that still a good idea for the republicans when they control the house and senate . Mr. Smith the budget caps have affected our way of spending money in certain places. Infrastructure is a big one. We have collapsing bridges and grids that need to be updated. Personally, i would raise taxes. We have cut taxes by a germanic amount of money to help pay for some of this. The gas tax is not bringing in what it used to for a variety of reasons. Were not collecting sales tax but i think the budget caps are artificial and harmful to our countrys infrastructure. Reporter would you support the overseas contingency is a way of staying off of infrastructure . Mr. Smith i would not because its dishonest. You pretend the overseas account is not money and doesnt count against the budget caps. I think we should be honest and not pretend theres Something Like free money that doesnt count against the caps. I think we should look to the caps be more honest in our budget. The biggest priority continues to be the counterterrorism fight. To make sure we are getting the special operations command, on cyber and Everything Else that is critical confronting that threat. Im worried about north korea, im worried about russia, im worried about china and iran. Theres only one group of people hoping to wake up and kill as many people as they can and that is daesh and al qaeda and those groups. My concern is to have a strategy to contain them and when the ideological war. Reporter something you have been fighting for a lot of years how is that going to change under a Trump Administration . Mr. Smith i can make a prediction. I know republicans would like to send more inmates to guantanamo, but once upon a time, john mccain and a bunch of other people were in favor of closing one time of. Candidate trump has been all over the map on a variety of issues. What President Trump does, we will have to see. Host is there time in the Obama Administration to close it or bring the number down even more . Mr. Smith i forget the numbers now, but i think were down below 60, below 20 that have been deemed eligible for transfer, so we could possibly bring the numbers down a little more, but there is not time to close it. The law is very clear on that and theres no executive order that can turn it. Reporter what are the generals telling you that they need . Mr. Smith i asked our intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, the ability to get the intelligence because the battlefield has spread. Once upon a time, we had those assets primarily in iraq and afghanistan. We have moved some to the horn of africa and yemen. There has always been a concern in east african each in east africa and we dont have sufficient coverage, so that is the main thing. Host why dont they have it . Mr. Smith they have it. Host why not enough of it . Mr. Smith theres a finite budget. The personal cost and how many ships were going to have in the navy and new year modernization is a place where we could save an enormous amount of money, but we have been building out our isr capability. Theres a lot of space in the world we need to cover. Host we have to leave it there. Thank you for being this weeks newsmaker. Were back with our reporters. Let me begin with this uncertainty. With the new administration coming in and the names that have been floated by this president elect, donald trump, what does uncertainty mean for the National Security apparatus . Reporter the biggest complaint is about the budget. Without certainty, they cannot plan for the future. They cant plan six months ahead or developing weapons years down the road or deploying troops. We dont know what comes next and it is a worrying thing every day that comes on. They dont know what the leadership style, the entire National Security realm, whether its a big picture of Trump Campaign moments, its too much. Host you heard from the ranking democrat on the Armed Services committee and he has concerns that the names that have been floated so far about these top positions. Is that concern shared in the pentagon, in the cia, in the National Security agencys . Reporter i think there is concern among the republican defense around general flynn. I think theres concern about who is going to be secretary of defense. There are a lot of names that have been thrown out there and a lot of them are considered acceptable. He was eventually going to be romney asked secretary but there are some that dont have ties that raise concerns that trump is going to extend any sort of all of branch and will probably need some of them to run the mechanics of the National Security team. Host where does adam smith need to try to get along with a Trump Administration . What about their work on capitol hill they have to do to oversee and fund the National Security efforts . Reporter it depends on his goal. If he wants to be obstructionist, then nothing changes and they do their best to block anything that trump does. If they want to find common ground, it will be the very basics we have seen in the last few years, it will be the budget number. These people cannot get along, they dont want to get along and i dont see anything changing with that. Its different because he is the house and not the senate. There are 50 people that have to go through confirmation. I dont know how much there is adam smith can do other than put up a lot of rhetoric and a good fight on issues like guantanamo. If he becomes a conduit for things like supporting the basic operators and the money. Reporter it is worth noting that theyve passed the National Defense operation act 50 years in a row. Chairman mccain and senator reid on the democratic side, it will be interesting to watch how the republican chairman deals with a President Trump. John mccain issued a statement saying you cannot cozy up to putin and that says we are not going to see necessarily a rubberstamp depending on what trump does when he is in office. Host where does defense spending stand . Reporter they still have to resolve this years hill and is not going to happen until President Trump is inaugurated. The Defense Authorization policy bill should be wrapped up in december but the bill that funds what is authorized is not going to wrap up until the new year. That will give the Trump Administration a chance to put their own stamp on it as they prepare their budget. I think early on in the year, we will see a big fight over spending. Host what are you watching for from this new administration . Reporter im watching to see how the entire Campaign Theme of being an antielitist and antiwashington plays out in National Security, especially when it comes to washington. I think if he wants that, a he will get the American People to turn on congress. By not passing this will until six months later on, if that kind of business as usual goes on, trump will have a lot of ammunition and these members of congress will be scared into years. Dont forget, donald trump is fighting that and if they want to take their part and push back on him and say this is the reality of governing, this is not the campaign trail, this is real issues and serious divisions and it takes time, they might score some points and they will make life very hard for donald trump and it will be concerning. Reporter im watching for how serious he tries to put his promises on defense into action. Hes promised a lot of things, more defense spending, dont trust social dont touch Social Security somethings going to have two give. The Defense Industry is happy with the promises hes made that we will see whether they actually come to fruition. Reporter will he let it continue the way it is or will he change it dramatically . Host thank you for being on newsmakers. I have always been a student of american history. Hatred of itshe african people. Tonight, talking about his memoir, never look an american in the eye. The making of a nigerian american. This impression from al a westerns, where cowboy goes into a bar. At one point they stared each other down. Thats what americans will do to you, shoot you if you look them in the. Tonight on cspans q and a. It has been a busy day for president elect trump at his golf course. We saw him meet with several people to talk about the president ial transition. Some of those included chris christie, a washington and retiredve general john kelly. The president elect also spoke briefly to the media. [indiscernible] trump very talented man. Great guy. Many qualities. Really smart and tough. How to make America Great again. See how they are doing out here. What did you think of snl last night . Is to trump not much mr. Trump not much of a show. Tremendous talent, tremendous people. I think we have some incredible people. We will make America Great again. We had some great meetings and you will be hearing about it soon. [indiscernible] follow the transition of government on cspan as donald trump he comes the 45th president of the United States and republicans maintain control of the u. S. House and senate. We will take you to key events as they happen without interruption. Live on cspan, watch ondemand on cspan. Org or ten on our free radio app she is Vice President for European Union and special initiatives on the atlantic council. Good sunday morning. What president t obama is doing. Hes meeting with leaders this weekend. She was trying to reassure the rest of the world about our election of donald trump. What are your concerns and your hopes . I think we are at a critical moment in terms of our relations. And the big thing i would underline is the uncertainty about the Trump Administration as far as the europeans are concerned. One never knows whether the statements made during a campaign are what will guide policy. There has been quite a number of fromments about russia president elect trump while he was campaigning, indicating he would do a deal with president clinton. This has caused great concern among our european allies who feel mr. Putin is a threat to them. And moregeorgia recently in crimea and the ukraine. They are all politicians so they understand the difference between campaigning and governing, and i think they are looking closely at his appointments, particularly the appointment of secretary of state. President obama was there on his underscore the successes administration has had in europe, and to assure them following his own conversations with mr. Trump about the us of u. S. Policy. About the course of u. S. Policy. Onlets get some background 80, and key alliance formed at the conclusion of world war ii. There are currently 28 member countries. The headquarters is in belgium. This basic premise is a principal political decisionmaking body. One key aspect of article five of the nato treaty shall be considered an attack against all and it is yet to be invoked again. Remarkable thes one time article five has been invoked was against the United States. Until 9 11 it was assumed the reason it would be invoked was because of a soviet attack. Birth duringe its the cold war, so it was assumed that this was about united of itsgoing to the aid allies against a soviet attack. Many of our allies fought with us and are still in afghanistan trying to remake that country and provide security there. What we have seen is a reawakening of a cold war perspective. The main point is seen as a collective defense. Nato was looking for a bit of a roll. And then afghanistan. Now we are seeing a reemergence of the desire to reinforce the against auntries potential russian aggression. She is the author of a number of books and publications, including a transatlantic approach, relaunching the eastern partnership. Also working in strategic eu partnership. She is a graduate of the university of maryland where she ed her. Rate, also president obama on issues like ukraine, on issues like syria, we have had significant differences. And my hope is the takesentelect coming in a similarly constructive approach, finding areas where we can cooperate with russia, where our values and interests align. But that the president elects willing to stand up to russia, where they are deviated from our values. Thent expect president elect will follow exactly our blueprint or our approach. My hope is he does not take a realpolitik approach and suggest that if we cut some deals with russia, even if it hurts people or violates international norms, or even if it leaves smaller countries will smaller countries vulnerable or creates longerterm problems that we do just whatever is convenient at the time. Regarding what is let what is next. I think one of the biggest issues we face with our European Partners over the next years and the Restaurant Administration will be what is this with russia and how do we do that together . We have just seen president obama talking about the need to preserve a coherent approach to russia. Our interests with European Partners and russia are little different. They live right next to russia and they have had considerable economic interchange with russia. Russia put sanctions on following the annexation of crimea and the russian ,ngagement with Eastern Ukraine the European Countries have butn a big hit economically they have proven ready to persist with those sanctions. I think many of them have and confirmed, that he would reconsider those sanctions. There is a big question about europeans able to keep agreement among themselves. Theyll have to agree to retain this sanctions under the way the eu makes these decisions. President obama, after some time while he was in germany, met with a number of the leaders of the top eu Member States. They all pledge they thought they should continue until the russian policy toward the ukraine changes and makes the conflict resolve the there. That is not a formal decision that will come later, but it was a strong indication of the desire to continue sanctions until russia passes behavior and policy changes. This program was carried live on the policy channel. Fromirst call is coming michael. Good afternoon. You are on the air. My question is how will President Trump deal with a brexit . I should say President Trump has already made statement about how he favors brexit, the vote by the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, many of his advisers are or have close ties with the u k and the current government and such asarly individuals the minister for trade. Foreignt president elect trump has indicated that he is willing to negotiate a u. S. U. K. Trade agreement. The first thing that has to happen for the to be started is that the u. K. Needs to know what dates relationship is going to be with the eu. Hat will be a twoyear process one can think of this as the divorce settlement, and then we will know what that relationship is and what we can negotiate as a trade agreement. The is very different from approach president obama had. President obama had launched the Transatlantic Trade Investment Partnership and the negotiations for that which is between the United States and European Union, including the u. K. Until it should leave. He has said directly that it the u. K. Were to vote to leave, which it did, that there would urry for the United States to negotiate a trade agreement with britain directly. He used the expression that written would be a that britain would be at the back, but mr. Trump indicated he would drop do the Bilateral Agreement before he does the transatlantic trade and investment partnership, even if he decides to do the larger trade agreement, which is unclear. Under a trump presidency, britain has the opportunity to have a close relationship with the United States, even though it will no longer be a member of the european saying times, o he is confident donald trump will maintain the u. S. Role in nato. From massachusetts, democrat line, doug, good morning. Caller good morning. 1980s, there was a promise given by the secretary of state, james baker, that in return for the solution of warsaw pact, nato [indiscernible] it seems that was a promise that was broken pretty quickly. Why should the russians have any kind of credibility in any of the promises made by the west . Thanks. I will listen off air. Host thank you. Guest there is a lot of discussion about what kind of a promise that was and whether it was actually made and what it meant. For a long time, there was a great deal of reluctance in nato into the news member phase, so poland and the baltic states, etc. , through the natorussia charter, a first of all said that these permanent troops would not be based him a permanent nato troops would not be based in those states. However, there is a consensus within nato that russia has failed to live up to its part of meansreement by military and the annexation of crimea undertaking an illegal change of borders from the postwar settlement. I think that there is a feeling now that russia has not lived up to its end of the bargain and has made it necessary for nato to reinforce its allies that are now the new Member States of wealth since 2004 of nato, and to make sure that they are safe and secure and that we have a good the turn structure. Host this is a tweet from a regular viewer should we have this splendid nato when the ussr fell . By doing keep nato . If gone, no more u. S. Aggression in the region . Guest i think there was a discussion after the cold war as to whether nato was a cold War Institution and should be tempered to go. I think what we found was that nato was valuable as a political institution, as well as military institution. We were able to address with nato some of the key areas of instability, such as the balkans , that threatens the cold war postcold war peace of europe. Nato help us respond in afghanistan to the strikes on an 9 11. Sh on for a while, nato and russia had a great relationship was cold on 9 11. For a while, nato and russia had a great relationship after the cold war, especially with goodwin have what forces on location, so for a while, things went well. I think there was a lot of hope that nato could transition into an institution that was not about collecting the collective security. That is the point areas where we joint security threats around the world, where military responses might be needed. Unfortunately, russias actions in ukraine showed that it was not necessarily going to be the case. I would point out it was russia that started in ukraine the aggression that has led not to. He annexation of crimea it is clear, as well, that the irregular troops in the separatist forces in Eastern Ukraine are perhaps guided by Russian Forces on the territory of ukraine. From scotland and i want to go back to a tweet during the december month saying they would soon be calling me exit. Rigg any reaction . Guest mr. Trump at that time, he has made himself clear that he thinks that brexit is a good idea. It is not clear if the fully understands how it is rated with britain in the European Union or what the consequences will be for britain. Being that hisr golf course in scotland and about the time of the vote, and commenting that all the people , when him favored brexit in fact, scots voted to stay in the European Union, as opposed to england, which voted to leave. It is important to understand ant the u. K. Has been integral part of the european they gonce 1974, and as through this divorce, there is going to be a lot of disruption in terms of regulation. For example, u. S. Firms that have based themselves in britain in order to have a doorway into the European Union and the rest of europe, the 28 Member States, 27, with britain as the 28th, in terms of having free access to that market. Host we should point out that brexit doesnt impact made of. Guest correct. Britain has been from ensuring that it once impact nato. Correct. Britain has been firm in ensuring it will not impact nato. They are not abandoning europe come just one of the key european institutions or removing themselves. With the center for Security Studies at her on the moderate at the university of maryland and currently at the atlantic council. Burwell. Follow her fran good morning, very patient on the republican month. Caller good morning. Three observations that ms. Burwell could comment on. First, when president obama refers to president elect trump, he never says president elect trump, he just says president elect. Trump anded about mr. How he will deal with the russians, and i have a feeling he is not going to be walked all over by putin but stand up to him. Thirdly, when he said to have a lasting effect on europe, i believe there were close to untold millions of Syrian Refugees wandering around europe. Thanks a lot. Host robert, to a. Guest thank you. Thank you. Guest thank you. I cannot comment on light president obama does president elect trump rather than president elect. A lot of people in washington just use someones position rather than their name, so i cannot comment on that. Of the things about what mr. Trump has said about making a deal with president putin, one of the issues is uncertainty about will happen. Mr. Trump has made a great deal about his skills and making deals and coming from his is this background, i have no doubt he is good at this. The question will be if he makes the deal and we dont know what the parameters of that deal with the, just about syria and support for the antiterrorist campaign there, perhaps at the cost of accepting that president assad will stay in power, despite what he is doing to his own citizens, or will it be a bigger deal than has to do with fears of influence in europe . The uncertainty about this comment has to do with and the concern has to do with we do not the what he intends, with deal might be, and what he hopes to congress from it. I do agree that based on what we have seen from mr. Trumps behavior in the past that should he come to a deal with president putin and feel president putin does not live up to his end of the deal, i think he would be very strong and forceful in responding to that. The main thing i would underscore is the uncertainty about that and hopefully we see some initial conversations that will shed some light on that. From along those lines, scott peters is why couldnt the United Nations take more of the responsibilities of nato . Guest there are two very different organizations. For the United Nations to do almost anything, it requires the theement of the p5, permanent five of the uns security council. Host they are smart guest editing they are . Guest they are the chinese and russians, so they would have to great anything we do. Nato is 28 members, are much more likeminded in terms of their support for democracy and their support for maintaining a stable rule of law that weve had in europe and International System since the that the second world war. Nato has not been an alliance that has reached out and engaged in places outside of europe for 9 11, andart until then it was in response to an attack on one of the key members, ourselves, of nato. Nato does not have a mandate to go and solve problems in the sea, for example, only amended to address issues that affect Member States, even if it is not on the territory of the Member States it is originating somewhere for more distant. Nato also was into areas like cyber security. Several Member States have been cyberted to serious attacks that have closed Banking Systems and other things of that nature, so there is an internal discussion to set up capabilities to identify when and with the Cyber Attacks come from and to create resilience to that kind of attack, which is a form of warfare. Host first, is made a larger than anyone president . Guest yes, i think it is. I think that a president comes in, any american president comes in with their own ideas, and nato has a history. It is also 27 other key leaders, including angela merkel, theresa may, the british Prime Minister will continue to be an active leader in nato, the nato secretarygeneral is usually a former Prime Minister, so a Senior International leader, as well. I think residents come in and learn aboutdents, the nato history, multilateral diplomacy, and learn that our nato allies are committed to our defense, as well as their own. Not just security takers. Host if a President Trump wants to change anything with regard to our obligations with nato, our alliance with the European Countries, what can and cant you do . Trail,on the campaign mr. Trump made it clear he thought that nato allies should pay more for their own defense. I think this has been a consensus that that is the case. The sharing debate has been going on in nato since the creation of these alliances. What we have seen in the last couple of years is that many of the european allies have in fact started to increase their defense expenditures and also to look seriously and how they can get marketability for the line that they do stand. Sending forcesly and also equipment to help with coalition, quite unusual for germans in their history to be fighting that far away from europe. Is that mr. Ink trump will highlight the issue more. I think we will see more European Countries, increase their Defense Budget more than what we have seen the last couple of years in response to what they feel is at the from russia. In that way, and he will probably have a positive change on the alliance. If mr. Trump wanted to review our commitments to the alliance, which i think would be very destabilizing or europe, it is a treaty commitment, so it would be a treaty would have to give notice on and it would be difficult. At mentioned article five the beginning, which is an agreement that an attack upon one is an attack upon all. Its as we would then consult and then decide what we will then do, so it is something that we had used and during the cold war, stabilized europe and made europe safe and secure. Hopefully, maintaining that commitment is what will continue to keep nato said and secure, but ourselves and our nato allies. 10 to 15 minutes with our guest, our phone lines are open, 202 7488000 for republicans. 202 7488001 for democrats. Also, send us a tweet to get your reaction. The British Labour party member said in a speech that went viral, over too many people have watched it. First, al in tennessee, independent line. Good morning. Caller thanks for taking my call, a couple of questions. To know what the test for memorandum of security insurance is due . Guest which memorandum . Caller the one where ukraine, britain and the United States signed an agreement. Guest yes. Ukraine caller hang on. Are you aware that brits dont have in their craft carrier . Guest yes. Caller there is no possible way for the brits to do anything about ukraine. This is an example. The only country that can do and put their power into play overseas is the United States, so all of these feelgood agreements are just that, feel good. If you dont have the ability to project power pastor borders, you are just feeling good host . We will get a response. Feeling good. Host we will get a response. Guest ukraine gave up their Nuclear Weapons after the soviet union fell apart. In return for that, it was promised by the United States come i think britain, france and russia, that its territory would be preserved and it would not suffer any loss of territory. There has been an ongoing discussion in ukraine about how it has or has not been defended by this inventories, when russia, one of the signatories, violated that pledge, by taking over crimea. Right about the british not having an aircraft carrier, but they have strong forces otherwise, and in fact, i think the british are not rethinking that aircraft decision. Differenttter of requirements for different forces, and in ukraine, i dont actually think anyone is talking troops tonding ukraine, they have been a partner of nato, which is a different level, and it doesnt require the defense guarantees. I think that although a few of the european militaries have anything like the half of the American Military because we are a Global Military power, they provide key capabilities and also provide a lot of diplomatic and political [indiscernible] in afghanistan, for example, so , theythese operations provide key functions, such as protecting airbases and also serving out in one of the most dangerous areas of afghanistan. I believe it was the dutch who had a higher per capita of the troops deployed in afghanistan than anyone else, so and the british also suffered tremendously with casualties from afghanistan. I think we need to respect our allies contributions to these military efforts to try and keep our own country safe. Host this is from jjj cash every international deal, eu, nafta, etc. , results in the loss of sovereignty to citizens and power for bureaucrats. Guest that is certainly the perception of the people who voted to leave. When i was traveling around the north of england, right after the vote, you could see many of these signs that said, take our country back. I think there is a feeling among certain segments of the population and citizenry. Over the last few years, just as here, take governments blame washington. National governments in europe will have to make unpleasant decisions, often blame vessels, the seat of the European Union brussels, the seat of the European Union. Discussionve a long about how democratically the European Union is. It is removed. If you live in yorkshire, if you live in the north of england, it seems it is a long way away and is difficult to understand. I think that there is something to say about the distance. I am not sure that it actually enhances the role of therecrats, and i think are mediumsize countries in this world, and the u. S. Is , allntly about global gdp the countries are about the same. Together, we are 45 of world trade. That is not going to stay that way. As the asian economies grow, in particular, china, were going to be less and less percentage of global gdp and trade, so we should be thinking together about how we maintain the system that has benefited us, rather than having chinese dictate the in trading system will run east asia, for example, that might be bigger. Host from vermont, good morning. Caller good morning. Thank you. I appreciate for giving me a chance. [indiscernible] you are the best channel. I do not like some channels. Say one of two sentences in general. Greek it is about the country [indiscernible] it is to tell the truth, before the truth, for young people, it is not like that. It is controlled media by how powers by high powers. He be as job is to tell the truth about each continent, their policy, their past service, their policy, [indiscernible] if you dont like the person to people president to be president , you do not vote for him. This is democracy. [indiscernible] that is not i do not agree. Host thank you. To her point, your reaction . Guest i agree with the importance of free media. And the importance of media acting as what i would say to check on some of the falsehoods on inaccuracies that have been spread to particularly social media. We have seen a lot of coverage about that and president obama spoke about that in germany. Europe are not facing in and even here i would say a lot of disinformation from certain media outlets, particularly those coming from russia, who portray what has way, andin a different i think i citizens need to be able to distinguish between news that comes from different places that has a bent in ambition behind it, whether left or right. Host a perfect segue to the comments of a member of the irish senate, member of the labour party. His speech is gone viral. It runs a couple of minutes. [video clip] can the government have understood what is happening . We are at international crossroads. What is happening in britain and across europe is appalling. It has echoes from the 1930s. And america, the most powerful country in the world, has just elected a fascist. Going to duck about direct investments and cut american investments. There are 50,000 irish people illegal in america who are fearful of their futures. Whenever going to have the moral courage to speak in terms of other than economy all the time and to realize what is happening . The future of this country cannot stand, as an irishman, at the crossroads of this awful adventure, that international, political system is facing into. Call it what it is, then we are doing at the nothing. I am frightened. I am absolutely frightened for what is happening to this world and what is happening to our inability to stand up against it. He said he will not participate in this charade. A clear challenge to all political leaders in this country and their fundraising capacity in america [indiscernible] of the member of the labour party in ireland, the state senator in that country. Part of that speech is gone viral. Guest i think what you are seeing is an example of the concern that many europeans have about the election of donald trump in the United States. Based on his comments on beer peanut alliance, based on his his comments on the european alliance, based on his divisive comments on different ethic. Inorities and immigrants the legislator pointed out that there are quite a number of illegal irish immigrants in this country will now fear for their position, as well as there is a huge irish immigrant community, illegal immigrant community in the country. I think what you are seeing is the concern. It also reflects concern about europe. If this were not also happening in europe, if there are not extremists in europe, much more extreme than what we have seen from donald trump, then i think that there would not be quite as much concern. A number of challenges coming up in terms of its own electoral calendar, so december 2, they will have the austrianof the president , largely ceremonial position, and the two candidates, one is from the far right, and another one is from the green party and environmental party, and then in march, we have an election and in the netherlands and right now, the one going highest in the polls is the freedom party, antie. U. , and to immigrant candidate, unlikely to be Prime Minister because antiimmigrant candidate, unlikely to be Prime Minister, but it is pulling the strongest it ever has in that party. The french election, this week and come firstround of the republican primary in france. They are anticipated to face off penne, who hasla made that party more respectable from various early fascist roots under her father, but she is still very antiimmigrant, antieu, talks about taking france head of the eurozone, which would probably be a huge cataclysm for the French Economy , and in germany, in the fall, transfer merkel chancellor merkel will face reelection. We have an emerging party, too small to have a chancellor, but it is the alternative for door and cash for geo with their rhetoric, it harks back to an unpleasant time in german history. , thank youes burwell for stopping by. Journalns washington. Up, steves thoughts will talk about the marijuana legislation. Goals will discuss the president elect trump will like to achieve in the next year. Be sure to watch washington if we are smart as a country, we will tackle the future of the internet. What Artificial Intelligence means. What it means for jobs, the consolidation of can commercialization. There was no consensus among the democrats as well. Whats the communicators monday two. On cspan cspan, where history unfolds daily. 1979, cspan was created as a Public Service by america plus Cable Television companies. It is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. Tonight on cspan, q a with okey ndibe. Later, president obama holds a News Conference in peru as his final trip overseas before leaving office. [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2016]. Today on q a, okey ndibe look an american in the eye is the name of your book. I have to know your story. [applause] it is one of my