And now a look at the weather. Good evening. Welcome again to the programme. Late night lineup, as you can see, looks rather different tonight. But now its time for the money programme. What is civilization . I cant define it in abstract terms, but i think i can recognise it when i see it. He shouts. Im desperate, father. Call me dan. Im desperate, dan. I think you ought to know l im feeling very depressed. Now on bbc two, newsnight. Did you threaten to overule him . I did not overrule derek lewis. Did you threaten to overule him . I took advice on what i could and could not do. Did you threaten to overule him, mr howard . Im completely bloody sick of this why would i be upset at christianity when its indian . Someone please marry my daughter. My life as a prostitute, by your mum. Ready to knock. You did that in style, girl. 0h, been watching bbc two, have we . This is the open university. All thats left for me to do, on behalf of all of us here on bbc two, is to wish you. A very good night. Bbc two is now closing down. Breaking news from around the world 2a hours a day. This is bbc news. So there is a change in a way that they are thinking. Therefore, i have to take into account that, in the future, they will be doing the same things. And this is the big question, because israel is not going to stop attacking any arms that are coming across the iraqi syrian border. Iran today avoided blaming israel directly, even as crowds called for its destruction after friday prayers. But israel is already fighting iran backed groups across the region. Even if this crisis is subsiding, the spark that triggered it will not. Lucy williamson, bbc news, jerusalem. I spoke earlier to behnam ben taleblu, a senior fellow at the foundation for defence of democracies. Boat tomorrow in the us House Of Representatives determined the future of global the us House Of Representatives determined the future of global conflict . Always good to technically significant, politically significant. Perhaps even geo strategically significant if it is established between israel and iran without having to do something about the deterrence literature that is both psychological and performative. In this instance, obviously, they had advance of their Missile Drone Barrage on april 13 14, had advance of their Missile Drone Barrage on april 13 1a, that is israeli territory was struck, for matter for those watchers out there its just a matter of when not if this response would come. In the same parallel fashion, but actually the mother comes out about the strike, particularly abc news reporting, Jerusalem Country of the reporting, Jerusalem Country of the reporting, shows an exceptionally capable air force being able to either penetrate iranian air defences, meaning they dont work, orfiring them out defences, meaning they dont work, or firing them out side. Defences, meaning they dont work, orfiring them out side. What or firing them out side. What messa. E or firing them out side. What message do or firing them out side. What message do you or firing them out side. What message do you think or firing them out side. What message do you think is or firing them out side. What. Message do you think is really sending with that . Sending with that . Technical ca abili sending with that . Technical Capability Committee sending with that . Technical Capability Committee ability| sending with that . Technical. Capability Committee Ability to actually target things that matter to the regime, they like to play the game of quantity has a quality of its own cruise missiles, drones, the israelis are reported to thus far have fired only three missiles. May have fired only three missiles. May have been feeding into the larger picture that covers one of arounds nuclear facilities. Picture that covers one of arounds nuclearfacilities. A particularly salient message that the israelis can penetrate something the iranians hold dear and on a historic day. He turned 85. fix, hold dear and on a historic day. He turned 85. � , ,. , turned 85. A very interesting point. The iranians turned 85. A very interesting point. The iranians here turned 85. A very interesting point. The iranians here have turned 85. A very interesting point. The iranians here have indicated i the iranians here have indicated they do not want to retaliate, but do you think both sides are able at this point to draw a line under this tit for tat escalation . Essen this point to draw a line under this titfortat escalation . This point to draw a line under this titfortat escalation . Even if they do withdraw titfortat escalation . Even if they do withdraw the titfortat escalation . Even if they do withdraw the it titfortat escalation . Even if they do withdraw the it certainly titfortat escalation . Even if they| do withdraw the it certainly doesnt do withdraw the it certainly doesnt do away with the shadow war that they have been fighting, nor does it dampen the stated objective of the Islamic Republic when it says that to israel. In fact, it might actually be worth noting that when all three parties are on the same page, silence, israel, something may be afoot here. We page, silence, israel, something may be afoot here page, silence, israel, something may be afoot here. We know the Secretary Of State kept be afoot here. We know the Secretary Of State kept repeating be afoot here. We know the Secretary Of State kept repeating today of state kept repeating today De Escalation from a De Escalation, how much influence do you think it has when, of course, both sides are eager keen to show that will not accept retaliation. Its eager keen to show that will not accept retaliation. Accept retaliation. Its been the philosophy accept retaliation. Its been the philosophy of accept retaliation. Its been the philosophy of the accept retaliation. Its been the philosophy of the Biden Philosophy of the Biden Administration while iran and israel believed by deterrence by punishment larger displays of force that convey a particular salient political message. In the short term, the quest for De Escalation can actually underwrite the next batch of escalation. We have seen that by the Biden Administration � s failed attempt to get iran to come back to the table for a nuclear deal. When you pull punches, sometimes it emboldens the adversary. In the case of israel, it remains to be seen if there was some behind the scenes constraining of israel, or a quid pro quo, illuminating the strike and iran, but potentially widening the israeli campaign, which is the priority after six months from the netanyahu government as well as coordinating more broadly on containing the nuclear threat. Here in washington. Containing the nuclear threat. Here in washington, democrats in the us House Of Representatives backed a measure to vote on an aid package for ukraine on saturday. The measure moves conference one step closer to a military aid package, the house will also vote on humanitarian assistance for israel and taiwan. The speaker of the house had long blocked the aid and while it still faces resistance from members of his own party. Congress will be voting in the wake of more deadly attacks on ukrainian civilians. On friday, russian missiles struck a rail station and a Maternity Hospital in the central dnipropetrovsk region. Local Officials Say at least seven people were killed, including an eight year old child. President Volodymyr Zelensky told nato members on friday that ukraine needs more air Defence Systems to counter russian strikes. Putin must be brought down to earth, and our skies must become safe again. It is real. It depends fully on your choice. Choice whether life is indeed equally valuable everywhere, choice whether you have equal attitude to all partners, choice whether we indeed are allies. Democratic Congressmanjim Himes is the Ranking Member on the us house intel committee. He has supported sending aid to ukraine since russia invaded in 2022. I spoke to him ahead of saturdays vote about how quickly the aid will reach the front lines. The Senate Passed their equivalent bill two months ago and the two month delay in the house has very literally been gleeful for far too many ukrainians. Its open up the ukrainians to the attacks on their power plants. Its created an immense amount of misery in ukraine. For what . Immense amount of misery in ukraine. Forwhat . Fora immense amount of misery in ukraine. For what . For a partisan driven debates that we will hopefully resolve tomorrow. The good news is and i spent a fair amount of time with our Defence Department and other agencies and the government. I think once this bill passes into signed by the president , getting ammunition, getting aid into ukraine in a matter of days, not or months. With the ukraine aid bill looming in congress, ukrainian leaders say theyre cautiously optimistic about the outcome of the vote. Just before the show, i spoke to oleksandra matviichuk, co winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022 and head of the centre for Civil Liberties in kyiv. You have been crossing the country, speaking to people about what is happening in ukraine. Youve been Briefing Members of congress as well. What message have you been telling people . Telling people . Probably two messages telling people . Probably two messages. First, telling people . Probably two messages. First, this telling people . Probably two messages. First, this is telling people . Probably two messages. First, this is not. Telling people . Probably two| messages. First, this is not a telling people . Probably two messages. First, this is not a war between two states. This is a war between two states. This is a war between two states. This is a war between two systems. Authoritarianism and democracy. And either will not be able to stop putin in ukraine, he will go further, he will attack the next country. And the United States will have to send their people to europe to defend the world against authoritarianism. The second messages that we are in a crucial time. And we are ready to fight for ourfreedom and our human dignity, but we cant fight with empty hands. We need weapons, and Military Support in the United States of congress has to be unblocked. I have read that you congress has to be unblocked. I have read that you have congress has to be unblocked. I have read that you have been read that you have been receiving while youre here some Text Messages from your friends who are on the front lines. What do they describe to you . Front lines. What do they describe to ou . , front lines. What do they describe to ou . ,. ,. ,. , to you . That they are waiting for the russian to you . That they are waiting for the russian attack to you . That they are waiting for the russian attack with to you . That they are waiting for the russian attack with heavy. The russian attack with heavy artillery and they have no heavy artillery and they have no heavy artillery and they have no heavy artillery and it is his way to say how do me a gentle goodbye. That must be so how do me a gentle goodbye. That must be so difficult for you to read. It must be so difficult for you to read. ,. ,. , must be so difficult for you to read. ,. ,. , must be so difficult for you to read. , , read. It is a war. War is possibly the worst read. It is a war. War is possibly the worst thing read. It is a war. War is possibly the worst thing which read. It is a war. War is possibly the worst thing which can just i the worst thing which can just happen in human life. And this is something which i cant get used to as a human. I cant get used to the numerous deaths on the battlefield. The numerous deaths, to the numerous deaths in occupied territories. We have to stop russia. Russia will stop only when it will be stopped. Do you think that message that you have been sharing with people, those two messages, that they are resonating with people here in the us . I resonating with people here in the us . , resonating with people here in the us . ,. ,. , us . I am sure that they resonate because we us . I am sure that they resonate because we dont us . I am sure that they resonate because we dontjust us . I am sure that they resonate because we dontjust have us . I am sure that they resonate i because we dontjust have 2party because we dontjust have 2 Party Majority support, people for eight months blow this package, we have support of people in the United States of america. I visited seven american universities in different parts of the country. I always face valuable. Because ourfight parts of the country. I always face valuable. Because our fight for freedom is something which is very understandable in the United States. And we are Fighting For Freedom in all senses. Freedom to be an independent country, not a russian colony, for freedom to preserve our ukrainian identity and not to be forced to re educate our children as fascists. And for our freedom to have our democratic choice. You wrote in the have our democratic choice. You wrote in the Financial Times that sometimes you are asked about the fact that ukraine cant expect to defeat russia on the battlefield, that it should take some sort of agreement, a deal, so that this terrible war can stop and come to an end. What do you respond to that . I understand that people who dont know the logic of the regime can have such wishful thinking, but you disarm ukraine, this will not come. Occupation will come. And i know what Russian Occupation is about to because i have been around it for ten years. Its a real horror. I spoke with hundreds of people who survived, they told me how they were beaten, raped, smashed into wooden boxes, theirfingers beaten, raped, smashed into wooden boxes, their fingers were cuts, their nails were turned away. One woman told me how her i was took out with a spoon. We cannot leave our people alone under Russian Occupation. We have no moral right to do this. ,. , occupation. We have no moral right to do this. ,. ,. ,. , to do this. These are war crimes and abuses that to do this. These are war crimes and abuses that you to do this. These are war crimes and abuses that you have to do this. These are war crimes and abuses that you have been abuses that you have been documenting as part of your work. How do you think that has changed over the last three years as this war has been going on . Its over the last three years as this war has been going on . Its become more and more war has been going on . Its become more and more intense. War has been going on . Its become l more and more intense. Before, large scale war started, they pretended that they were a civilised country. You remember how russia tried to hide their crimes with russian weapons. Russia didnt hide, and just recently, russia destroyed the Energy Power Plant in ukraine, which means that we will have winter without electricity, heating, water, light, and internet immobile connections. So we are expecting a very difficult future, but regardless of this, 73 of ukrainians according to sociological polls tell that we will endure this war as long as it takes. We will not give up ourfreedom. So war as long as it takes. We will not give up our freedom. War as long as it takes. We will not give up our freedom. So much a set recisel give up our freedom. So much a set precisely about give up our freedom. So much a set precisely about that give up our freedom. So much a set precisely about that incredible precisely about that incredible resilience of ukrainian people. How are people coping now as this war has stretched into a third year . Brute has stretched into a thirdyear . We t to has stretched into a third year . Try to help each other. Its very difficult to live during a large scale war. We live in an atmosphere of total uncertainty. You cantjust plan your day, you cant plan your next several hours. You have never have an idea when the next russian air attacks start. You live in an atmosphere of constant fear about your loved ones. And you can cope with all of this only with helping each other. And now we see for this two years of � s war, a huge solidarity across the country, like ordinary people doing extraordinary things. And i dont know what will be in the future. I am just sure that freedom will prevail sooner or later. But i am confident that we will be in the history of the world, like people who went through these dramatic times with their dignity. Thank you so much for the conversation today. Thank you so much for the conversation today. Thank you so much for the conversation toda. ,. , conversation today. Thank you very much. Around the world and across the uk. This is bbc news. Lets look at another story making the headlines. The Prime Minister has called for an end to the uks Sick Note Culture in a speech on welfare reform. Rishi sunak said he is considering moving responsibility for assessing fitness to work away from gps, to Specialist Work and Health Professionals in england. A record high of 2. 8 Million People were out of work in february, according