Have out for him they have a military with power with more sophisticated weapons at least they have a military back then they didnt have so they believe that alone through so a long temporary ceasefire would only help our main years to build up its positions and maybe get some new weaponry from their allied countries theres a perception among the civilians who have been mourning for the soldiers that have been killed since september 27th and for the 1st time in their history they believe that they are very strong and especially as of a job president aliyev yesterday said that this is a historical victory for us our base john and by using the military force they were able to bring our mania to the negotiation table and he said the 1st step of a solution to the schools it is military then it should be a political process and now we are in a town called she talk where i am is is an id peace settlement actually there are 34 buildings and more than 6000 people civilians were living here they were old people who were displaced from their going to cut up in the 9090 s and this compound was actually built by the government for them to settle down but since the beginning of the conflict in september 27th this area has been also targeted several times and most of the buildings are damaged and those people say that we are already displaced and now we are displaced again bernard instapundit coach with a view from armenia. The foreign minister of. Up. He said that the process of achieving the ceasefire was rather difficult he called it the local media an armenian is calling it a humanitarian cease fire essentially established to allow the exchange of prisoners and to allow the exchange of bodies between the militaries of both sides but the form is that the prophet priority for us was to put an end to what he called this aggression and he said it was unique because azerbaijan actions have support from turkey. Now. The ceasefire came into effect a couple of hours ago there are already reports that its been breached to what level and to what extent isnt immediately clear although we have been told by the authorities here in going to care about that the has been shelling of a town called had dropped to the south this might be relevant because yesterday when johnny president. Was speaking on television to the nation he said theyve taken that town but they havent and that why maybe why there is shelling going on from the azerbaijani side thats the only thing we can assume from that and the might have been some of the smaller breaches along the line of contact in step and its been quiet since the cease fire came into effect weve not heard the irate signs we havent heard of any shelling immediately where we are. Kurdistans former president has been detained by Security Forces it comes a day after almost speck the time by a car was shot at in whats been described as an assassination attempt there have been days of chaos over last weeks parliamentary elections. North Korean Leader kim jong un has warned that he could fully mobilize his countrys Nuclear Force if it was threatened hes been speaking during a large military parade marking the 75th anniversary of the Ruling Workers Party. Those are the headlines the news continues here on our after struggle over the nile. The naleo. The worlds longest river. A 7000 kilometer lifeline for almost 400000000 people. Flowing north the nile runs through 10 countries. The highlands in the heart of africa the shores of the mediterranean sea. A source of sustenance but also one of tension even attentional conflict. The nile is the key to a geopolitical rivalry in the region. At its heart is egypt. Where suspicions about former enemies. And tensions with an age old civilization reveal deep seated fears about water scarcity and losing control of the river nile. Alexandria egypts main city on the mediterranean. Here in march 1903 the founder of political zionism disembarked on a special mission. Theodore hurt souls goal was to secure a homeland for the jews. One year earlier he had petitioned for such a homeland to be allowed in palestine then part of the ottoman empire. The request was rejected by Sultan Abdul Hamid the 2nd. So hurtful took a contingency plan to egypt. A country then under british occupation. Some british officials floated the idea and hurt even initially toyed with the idea of accepting a small temporary jewish entity zionist entity in northern sinai around belarusian the zionist said well its a step from there to palestine so it brings us closer to the homeland. The plan involved the 1st phase settlement in the sinai of some 20000. 00 jewish immigrants to be followed by successive numbers to total 100000. There was plenty of space in the sinai desert but the area lacked one basic element of life water. However proposed a remarkable solution to divert some of the nile waters to the desert region. Yeah this settlement was going to need water. Plan was for the water to be carried from a branch of the nile pipelines on to the suez canal and. The water would then travel over 150 kilometers to the settle. The british high commissioner in egypt. Rejected a proposal. Egypt at that time was the main source of cotton for the british textile industry. Irrigation engineers warned that diverting the nile waters would damage egypts cotton production and therefore affect British Economic interests. The idea of a jewish homeland in the sinai was never implemented. But over 70 years later plans to divert the nile waters reemerged. In november 1977 egyptian president anwar sadat arrived at tel Avivs Ben Gurion airport. To visit mark the start of peace negotiations between sadat and the israeli Prime Minister menachem begun and. Israel was in a strong bargaining position occupying the sinai jerusalem the West Bank Gaza and the golan heights. Wanted the arab land back but had fewer bargaining chips. He definitely wanted the prince of peace but i think 2 things. I think to. Begin a very devious policy. The best you can buy time time and presence and that was the pressure from. Mending missing in the ongoing negotiations said that aware of israels water needs knew he held at least one strong card the river nile. In december 1979 the egyptian magazine october known to be a mouthpiece for sadat published a sensational report the headline on the front page read the nile to reach jerusalem they article reported that sadat had ordered blueprints prepared for the construction of a canal to carry the nile waters to israel in exchange for a comprehensive Peace Agreement in the middle east. Where there were these dreams about you know egyptian israeli cooperation and peace will be prevailed in this region and you know peoples thought that. There are no limits or. Some people start thinking and these terms you know the denial should be use for Sinai Peninsula and maybe also to israel. The 2 countries made peace but any plan to divert the nile to israel never materialized. To this day many gyptian is believe the reported offer was more a negotiating ploy than a meaningful proposition. Them in the head that. This was a good trick played by said that while the analysts gave him he gave the israelis false hope in order to secure the signing of the peace accord wanted and he did the right here but he never planned to implement the nile offered by land that with us. But the nile waters were eventually diverted. In january 1997 so that successor. Officially opened the tunnel carrying nile waters under the suez canal. The waters flowed into the socalled peace can now extending into the sinai some egyptians suspected israel might be the ultimate destination of the canal. At the inauguration ceremony mubarak seemed to address such suspicions. Really well like i look at dinner. Now how did the im under much i know its a. Today the peace canal runs 80 kilometers eastwards into sinai. It allows for the irrigation and development of farmland reclaimed from the desert. The idea of diverting the nile to the sinai 1st proposed by theodore heard so is now a reality. Just 115 kilometers from the end of the canal and across egypts International Border is the negev desert. Forming over half of israels total land area. The negev as a land thirsty for water. These rallies have sought to manage their limited water sources and deny the need for the extension of the peace going out saying it would be surplus to requirement if youre talking about the relation between the now and the. Relations and we dont see that we are going to use this water in the future we solve our own poems in the negative in the cells and has no connection with an. Faced with a water shortage and to reclaim the desert israel has needed to find innovative solutions. Israel is the world leader in official water use in agriculture more crop per drop using. Say drip irrigation other technologies that techniques and the technologies that are here are being utilized elsewhere in the china south America Africa wherever you go you will find Israeli Technology basically use in agriculture. Raw that are not yet down. Israels ambassador to kenya. Arrives to a warm welcome from local farmers in the village of karate on the outskirts of nairobi hes clear on his assignment. The idea the basic idea is to assist communities of farmers to achieve much more you much more crops with less labor with less water and even with less fertilizers and pesticides as. These Women Farmers are beneficiaries of this assistance. By passing on its know how and donating equipment israel is empowering local communities in africa and winning friends. Were so impressed me them because they identify the ends who go right down to see the needs of the people and so for us in this village we are very happy with them. But others in africa believe that israels presence there particularly in upstream nile countries like kenya has more to do with politics than an aid. Society here is. Israel is not a charity. The end it seeks to harm egypt there was nothing new in that the mist says it its the nature of israeli politics and if it didnt operate in that way. Then it would not be easy. Since its establishment in 1948 surrounded by hostile arab neighbors israel has sought friends where it can. In Africa Israel build relations with newly independent known arab states. Egypt grew increasingly concerned about israels activities on the continent. They suspected the israelis of trying to politically outflank egypt by befriending countries that could influence the flow with egypts lifeline the river nile. Am i at. Historically the most important relationships israel built on the african continent where with uganda and kenya in place. And its no coincidence that all of them are upstream countries where the nile originates they did build relationships with other countries but the river nile was the major factor behind the formation of israeli policy and strategy. The. Resident master of the united arab republic in style. Summit meeting in moscow neutral of african leaders. But israel faced tough competition for friends in africa. Egyptian president Jamal Abdel Nasser was also building allies of his own in the region. His struggle for independence and nonalignment resonated with many africans. In 1960. Egypt became one of the Founding Member states of the organization of african unity. Following the 967 war the organization condemned israels occupation of parts of egypt and other arab countries and demanded the withdrawal of israeli troops from all occupied arab territories. The african view of israel is a small struggling country that pose no threat began to change. Israel was very weak at that point and clearly it couldnt do anything about it gyptian role in africa. Shortly after the arab israeli war in october 1973 the majority of african countries severed relations with israel. Nasser successor anwar sadat failed to capitalize on africas strategic shift away from israel. Didnt want to just follow in nassers footsteps he wanted to blaze his own trail. He chose to focus on building relations with the west and securing peace with israel he turned his back on the pan african policies nasser had pursued. Almost going to. The egypt once played a commanding role in africa but in the 1970 s. Egypt neglected this role and who wouldnt this resulted in the bush draw all of egypts presence in africa countries there started to think egypt had abandoned them because. The barak followed a similar strategy to his predecessor. In 1905 an event took place that would set the seal on the bar of turning away from africa. In june of that year arriving in the ethiopian capital addis ababa to attend an african summit. Mubaraks motorcade was ambushed by islamist militants here on the airport road. Mubaraks bullet proof car saved his life his body guard shot dead the gunman. Following this attack and for the rest of his term in office mubarak chose to send ministers or delegates to african summits rather than attending himself with egypts friends in the region believe this president ial absence was a strategic error allowing israel to once again gain a political foothold in africa. As a poet once said gentlemen our enemies did not break through our borders instead they crawled like ants through our weaknesses. By the 1990 s. Many of the upstream nile basin countries had reestablished diplomatic relations with israel. And reopened their embassies in tel aviv. Today israel is building on these relations here on the outskirts of tel aviv these trainees from africa are learning innovative agricultural techniques to take back to their countries. That the. Training is sponsored by the center for International Cooperation known as masha part of israels foreign ministry. But we are focusing. Most of our work is really in africa probably about 40 percent of our resources and mostly towards Food Security agricultural water related issues. Beyond Training Programs and israel. Also takes its aid overseas. Back in the kenyan village of karate Women Farmers grow Fresh Produce in a greenhouse donated by musharraf. The greenhouse which enables the women to earn a living was officially donated to them by Israeli Foreign minister avigdor lieberman. Lieberman arrived in africa in september 2009 at the head of a large entourage even started 5 african states including 3 of the upstream nile basin countries kenya uganda and the o. P. s. The minister came with a big economic delegation representatives of more than 20 of the Biggest Israeli Companies we had business seminars with them business meetings and we see a very very big follow up in terms of business. Opportunities for investment. Lieberman was the 1st Israeli Foreign minister to go on an african tour since the 1960 s. The sight of lieberman making friends and doing deals in the nile upstream countries aroused concern in egypt. Egyptians were once again worried the israelis were meddling in their backyard in. Region holding the source of the nile. The african countries lieberman visited dismissed egyptian suspicions stating the visit was strictly business. And. Not addicted to. Government foreign minister has a paid. Visit he came here not to talk about whether to reduce. It to they give to simple it is the government the government the business and i think. But egyptian fears were not so easily a pieced. Liebermans visit coincided with a particularly tense point in egypts talks with the other nile basin countries to reach a new agreement over managing the nile waters. Egyptian suspected israel was behind the renewed pressure egypt faced to make concessions. So. That they start the year israel has had a Clear Strategy center was established so it focuses on having a presence in the upstream countries to create problems for egypt on the issue of water to encircle egypt and create internal difficulties what you are going to definitely because if egypt has a water crisis then it will have a development problem and a National Security issue it will not be able to guarantee a better life for egyptians and therefore it will be preoccupied with internal problems that is israels goal. For their part israelis reject such notions that they are plotting with african states to outmaneuver egypt. I think this is another one of those arab conspiracy theories which unfortunately there are so many of them going wrong sometimes in what i can stop myself from what i read in an era in. Sides about all kind of conspiracies which are described as these rallies as people who. Come up with the scenarios that the craziest screenwriters in hollywood could even think about. In early 2011 egyptians took to the streets in open revolt against the government of hosni mubarak. On february 11th egypts Vice President announced mubaraks resignation from power ending for 30 years of rule. Egyptians were exultant their complaints had been many. Among them was criticism of mubaraks failure to engage in constructive diplomacy with the other african states along the nile. Must look out of egypt has been absent from the city and in some. Of these 10 states are supposed to be members of the same family the offspring of one mother which is that of a night on which study can mount the id like brothers sharing the same life line in the uk about a book we should have engaged with them rather than with the us futile asia of the states should be the closest to us because they shared the same life and the same fate as thomas e. Which was. Significantly. The 1st foreign trip of egypts new Prime Minister after the 2011 revolution was to sudan. Some sheriff led a high profile delegation of egyptian ministers. The visit signaled a new diplomatic drive to egypt in the nile basin. But the struggle over the nile will not easily be resolved. It goes back thousands of years. Egypt and another africas oldest civilizations. Seem to be locked. Into an increasingly bitter river rivalry. Corruption it is that invisible behind a wall of silence. Against harsh corruption is not something to be told that it. Is not the african. Country his email lets destroy this wall. In 2020 the free space over encourages the he