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 E-Mail Researchers from Skoltech and their colleagues from Russia and the US have shown that the two components of the bacterial CRISPR-Cas immunity system, one that destroys foreign genetic elements such as viruses and another that creates memories of foreign genetic elements by storing fragments of their DNA in a special location of bacterial genome, are physically linked. This link helps bacteria to efficiently update their immune memory when infected by mutant viruses that learned to evade the CRISPR-Cas defense. The paper was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. CRISPR-Cas, a defense mechanism that provides bacteria with resistance to their viruses (bacteriophages), destroys DNA from previously encountered adversaries by comparing it to spacers, short bits of genetic information stored as a library in a memory chip located in a special site of the bacterial genome. CRISPR-Cas learns to recognize new enemies by incorporating n

Sankt peterburgOlga musharovaKonstantin severinovInstitute of molecular geneticsProceedings of the national academy sciencesWaksman institute of microbiology at rutgersPetersburg polytechnic universityInstitute of biomedical chemistryNational academySkoltech professor konstantin severinovMolecular geneticsBiomedical chemistryWaksman institutePetersburg polytechnicMolecular biologyBiomedical environmental chemical engineering