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Robotic laboratories on the bottom of Lake Erie have revealed that the muddy sediments there release nearly as much of the nutrient phosphorus into the surrounding waters as enters the lake s central basin each year from rivers and their tributaries. Excessive phosphorus, largely from agricultural sources, contributes to the annual summer cyanobacteria bloom that plagues Lake Erie s western basin and the central basin s annual dead zone, an oxygen-starved region that blankets several thousand square miles of lake bottom and that reduces habitat for fish and other organisms. The release of phosphorus from Lake Erie sediments during periods of low oxygen a phenomenon known as self-fertilization or internal loading has been acknowledged since the 1970s. But the new University of Michigan-led study marks the first time the process has been monitored step by step for an entire season using lake-bottom sensors.

Great lakesUnited statesLake erieCanada generalThomas johengenHanna andersonHeidi purcellSteve rubergLacey masonCasey godwinPeter alsipSchool for environmentAtmospheric administration great lakes environmental research laboratoryUniversity of michiganInstitute for great lakes researchNational oceanic