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Geohazards, or geological hazards, are often defined as “events caused by geological, geomorphological, and climatic conditions or processes that represent serious threats to human lives, property, and the natural and built environment.” Falls, collapses, landslides, flows, and erosions are all categorized as geohazards (Figure 1). In addition, less probable but high impact geohazards include glacial lake outburst floods (GLOF) or avalanches. Geohazards result in the loss of human lives, extensive physical damage to buildings and critical infrastructure, and economic impact due to disruptions to transport, communication, water supply, and energy services. Intensive rainfall due to climate change, road expansions or extensions in challenging terrains pose significant geohazard risk in many countries. Yet, roads need to be further built or expanded to provide accessibility to remote communities or ensure connectivity to cities and towns.

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