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The crisis in Zimbabwe: A paradigm shift from false expectations of reform in a securocrat state The Standard
by Ibbo Mandaza
It is now two decades since the sanctions regime was imposed by the USA in 2001 and by the EU in 2002.
And in December 2003, Robert Mugabe quit the Commonwealth at the decision of the latter body to extend sanctions for “undemocratic behaviour”.
All this, in the expectation that the state in Zimbabwe would reform, improve its human rights record and adhere to the standards required for free, fair and credible elections.
The record so far is that things have since gotten worse, with little or no hope for reform.