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Credit: BBVA Foundation
The BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biology and Biomedicine has gone in this thirteenth edition to David Julius, from the University of California, San Francisco, and Ardem Patapoutian, from the Scripps Institute, La Jolla (United States), for identifying the receptors that enable us to sense temperature, pain and pressure. Temperature, pain and pressure are part of our sense of touch, perhaps the least understood of the five main senses of humans, read the opening words of the citation. Julius and Patapoutian provided a molecular and neural basis for thermosensation and mechanosensation.
This line of research holds out exciting medical possibilities, because it sheds light on how to reduce chronic and acute pain associated with a range of diseases, trauma and their treatments. In fact, several pharmaceutical laboratories are working to identify molecules that act on these receptors with the aim of treating different fo
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Study investigates control mechanism that ensures accurate chromosome inheritance during cell division
Starting as a single cell, organisms undergo millions of generations of divisions to ultimately generate the bones, heart, brain and other components that make up a living being. The mainspring within this intricate process is the transfer of DNA through each subsequent cell split within discrete packets called chromosomes.
It s critical that all chromosomes are duplicated and precisely distributed through every generation of cell division. If the inherited chromosome components are altered, even slightly, birth defects and certain cancers can result.
A new study published in the journal
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VIDEO: An embryo of a roundworm (C. elegans) is shown undergoing its first division. The embryo expresses fluorescent probes that mark the chromosomes in magenta and the microtubules the filaments that separate. view more
Credit: Desai Lab, UC San Diego
Starting as a single cell, organisms undergo millions of generations of divisions to ultimately generate the bones, heart, brain and other components that make up a living being. The mainspring within this intricate process is the transfer of DNA through each subsequent cell split within discrete packets called chromosomes.
It s critical that all chromosomes are duplicated and precisely distributed through every generation of cell division. If the inherited chromosome components are altered, even slightly, birth defects and certain cancers can result.