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Fruit flies and mosquitoes are a lot brainier than people think

Fruit flies and mosquitos are brainier than most people suspect, say scientists

 E-Mail IMAGE: (Left) Whole brain of a fruit fly. (Right) Nuclei of neurons in fruit fly brain tissue. view more  Credit: Joshua Raji and Christopher Potter, Johns Hopkins Medicine. In research made possible when COVID-19 sidelined other research projects, scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine meticulously counted brain cells in fruit flies and three species of mosquitos, revealing a number that would surprise many people outside the science world. The insects tiny brains, on average, have about 200,000 neurons and other cells, they say. By comparison, a human brain has 86 billion neurons, and a rodent brain contains about 12 billion. The figure probably represents a floor for the number needed to perform the bugs complex behaviors.

Ingredient in common weed killer impairs insect immune systems, study suggests

 E-Mail The chemical compound glyphosate, the world s most widely used herbicide, can weaken the immune systems of insects, suggests a study from researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Glyphosate is the active ingredient in Round Up™, a popular U.S. brand of weed killer products. The researchers investigated the effects of glyphosate on two evolutionarily distant insects, Galleria mellonella, the greater wax moth, and Anopheles gambiae, a mosquito that is an important transmitter of malaria to humans in Africa. They found that glyphosate inhibits the production of melanin, which insects often use as part of their immune defenses against bacteria and parasites; it thereby reduces the resistance of these species to infection by common pathogens.

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