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IMAGE: Ancient groundwater flows from a well in the North China plain during a field campaign in 2004 to measure noble gases to reconstruct past temperature. view more
Credit: Photo credit: Werner Aeschbach
Woods Hole, Mass. (May 12, 2021) Low-to-mid latitude land surfaces at low elevation cooled on average by 5.8 ± 0.6 degrees C during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), based on an analysis of noble gases dissolved in groundwater, according to a new study published in
Nature.
Temperature estimates in the study are substantially lower than indicated by some notable marine and low-elevation terrestrial studies that have relied on various proxies to reconstruct past temperatures during the LGM, a period about 20,000 years ago that represents the most recent extended period of globally stable climate that was substantially cooler than present.
Olje, Utdanning | Krisetall: – Dommedagsprofetene skremmer ungdommen
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Disposable facemasks can be reused after being heat-treated, a study by University of Tartu researchers shows.
Researchers at the Institute of Physics have conducted experiments with medical face masks made by five manufacturers, trying to destroy the virus using three methods: machine washing at 60 degrees, keeping the mask in boiling water for five minutes and keeping the mask in hot water for five minutes.
Each method was applied 10 times, and the masks were allowed to dry for 24 hours between each heat treatment. After 10 times, the masks filtration efficiency and breathability were measured.
Professor Heikki Junninen, head of the Laboratory of Environmental Physics of the University of Tartu Institute of Physics, said the results of the study show there is no reason to fear that the quality of masks would be significantly decreased by heat treatment.
Estonian researchers prove disposable medical face masks can be reused after heat treatment
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Disposable face masks are a major cause of the large environmental footprint in the novel coronavirus crisis; a study by the Estonian University of Tartu researchers showed that these masks can, in fact, be repeatedly heat-treated before their efficiency starts to significantly decrease.
For the study, the researchers at the University of Tartu Institute of Physics conducted experiments with medical face masks of five manufacturers, trying to destroy the virus using three methods: machine washing the mask at 60°C (140°F), keeping the mask in boiling water for five minutes and keeping the mask in hot water for five minutes. Each method was applied ten times, and the masks were allowed to dry for 24 hours between each heat treatment. After ten times, the masks’ filtration efficiency and breathability were measured.
Article – The Conversation Laura Revell , University of Canterbury Climate Explained is a collaboration between The Conversation, Stuff and the New Zealand Science Media Centre to answer your questions about climate change.Laura Revell,
Climate Explained is a collaboration between The Conversation, Stuff and the New Zealand Science Media Centre to answer your questions about climate change.
If you have a question you’d like an expert to answer, please send it to climate.change@stuff.co.nz
Even with all humanity’s carbon emissions to date, there’s a lot less carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere than Venus, and Earth is further away from the Sun. But if carbon emissions continue at the current rate, is there any risk of reaching a tipping point at which a runaway greenhouse effect takes over, making Earth uninhabitable for any form of life?
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