What is already known about this topic?
HIV viral load monitoring is recommended to assess antiretroviral treatment success; however, low- and middle-income countries face financial, operational, and country-specific challenges that must be overcome to adequately scale up viral load monitoring for all HIV-positive persons.
What is added by this report?
Sub-Saharan African countries have overcome challenges to initiate and scale up HIV viral load testing to monitor patients receiving ART. By 2018, seven of eight assessed countries reported viral load suppression rates of ≥85%. Logistical problems remain in several countries.
What are the implications for public health practice?
Viral load testing in low- and middle-income countries enables monitoring of viral load suppression at the individual and population level, which is necessary to achieve global epidemic control.
What is already known about this topic?
Outbreaks associated with treated recreational water in pools, hot tubs, and water playgrounds can be caused by pathogens or chemicals.
What is added by this report?
For the period 2015–2019, a total of 208 outbreaks associated with treated recreational water were reported to CDC.
Cryptosporidium caused 76 outbreaks, resulting in 2,492 cases.
Legionella caused 65 outbreaks, resulting in 13 deaths.
What are the implications for public health practice?
To help prevent outbreaks, operators of public aquatic venues and U.S. jurisdictions can voluntarily adopt CDC’s Model Aquatic Health Code,
Legionella Control Toolkit, and Water Management Program Toolkit recommendations, and swimmers can follow CDC’s healthy swimming steps.
CDC Update on Excess Deaths Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic
May 13, 2021 Estimates of excess deaths, defined as the number of persons who have died from all causes, above the expected number of deaths for a given place and time, can provide a comprehensive account of mortality likely related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including deaths that are both directly and indirectly associated with COVID-19. Since April 2020, CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) has published weekly data on excess deaths associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (
1). A previous report identified nearly 300,000 excess deaths during January 26–October 3, 2020, with two thirds directly associated with COVID-19 (
What is already known about this topic?
Although most persons treated in an emergency department (ED) for a traumatic brain injury (TBI) have a good recovery, some might experience ongoing symptoms that have emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and academic sequelae.
What is added by this report?
During 2009–2018, an estimated 596,972 ED visits for bicycle-related TBIs occurred in the United States. The rate of ED visits for bicycle-related TBIs decreased by approximately one half among children and adolescents aged ≤17 years and by 5.5% among adults during this time. Rates were highest among adult males and children and adolescents aged 10–14 years.
What are the implications for public health practice?
On April 28, 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued the first-ever Notice of Noncompliance after the drug maker did not comply with its legal reporting obligations for.