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Mycobacterium bovis infection in wildlife species occurs worldwide. However, few cases of
M. bovis infection in captive elephants have been reported. We describe 2 incidental cases of bovine tuberculosis in free-ranging African elephants (
Loxodonta africana) from a tuberculosis-endemic national park in South Africa and the epidemiologic implications of these infections.
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the human pathogen
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a recognized disease in human-managed and wild Asian elephants (
Elephas maximus) and African elephants (
Loxodonta africana) (
3). Previous findings demonstrate the importance of human-elephant interfaces for transmission. However, range countries for African and Asian elephants also have high burdens of bovine TB, caused by
We analyzed 98
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates collected in 2 regions of Algeria in 2015–2018 from 93 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. We identified 93/98 isolates as
M. tuberculosis lineage 4 and 1 isolate as
M.
M. bovis by whole-genome sequencing.
In Algeria, interpreting tuberculosis (TB) incidence, estimated at 53–88 cases/100,000 population in 2017 (
1), is limited by the fact that the diagnosis relies on microscopic examination of clinical samples. Isolates are presumptively identified as
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex based on colony phenotype.
We analyzed 98 sputum isolates identified as
M. tuberculosis complex by 5 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease Control Service facilities in 2015–2018 (Appendix Table 1, Figure, ). Exact tandem repeat D analysis (
2) confirmed these 98 isolates as