Cheap labor services, primarily benefited men, and indirectly the caused a rise in illegal immigration. This was hosted by the Historical Society on the history of immigration. Again, for those of you who are just joining us, my name is paul finkelman. I am the director for the symposium on immigration for the u. S. Capital Historical Society. I am also the visiting professor of human rights law at the university of saskatchewan the moment. And its a great pleasure to be and to work with the capital Historical Society, putting together this symposium hope all of you realizes a very historic room. There have been a number of important hearings here. Investigation into the sneaking of the into the sinking of the titanic took lace in this room. Is the roomus this where the watergate hearings took place as well. That lists all of the major events. It is now called the kennedy caucus room in honor of these three senators from massachusetts, all of whom were brothers. Next speaker is a profe