Relaxor ferroelectrics are well established as an intriguing class of dielectric materials with high scope for use in energy storage applications. Relaxors feature moderately high dielectric constant and reduced hysteresis in polarization- electric field characteristics, providing higher energy storage density and efficiency at relatively low electric fields. Bismuth-based compositions can be sintered at considerably lower sintering temperatures when compared to most extensively used dielectric ceramics, such as BaTiO3 (BT), due to the low melting point of Bi2O3. The weakly coupled relaxor ferroelectric BiScO3- BaTiO3 (BS-BT) has a simple pseudocubic perovskite structure with great possibilities for engineering of parameters by physical and chemical modifications to optimize the grain morphology, increase the breakdown strength, enhance the energy storage capacity, and ensure improved temperature and fatigue endurance. Therefore, this research focuses on understanding the effects of lo
Multilayer ceramic actuators find extensive utility in applications requiring precise displacement control or force output, due to their advantages of high precision control, rapid response, low driving voltage, low power consumption, and so on. For practical applications, there is a need for high-performance multilayer ceramic actuators (MLAs) that combine cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and temperature stability. In this work, 1.5 mol%Sm-doped 0.25 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.36PbZrO3–0.39PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics with PbO–CuO as sintering aid were fabricated. The addition of PbO–CuO significantly reduced the sintering temperature by 300°C, while having minimal impact on the piezoelectric properties. The optimized sintering condition, achieved at a low sintering temperature of 950°C with the introduction of a tiny 0.4 wt% sintering aid, yields impressive piezoelectric strain coefficient d33 = 690 pm/V. This substantiates the viability of employing low-cost Ag/Pd (90/10) as inne
Fabrication of ceramic capacitors requires technological breakthroughs to address growing concerns regarding sustainability, cost, and increased power consumption in the manufacturing process. Low temperature sintered xBiScO3-(1-x)BaTiO3 (BS-BT) with x = 0.4 is found to possess excellent energy storage performance and temperature stability. The grain size decreases from 3.5 μm sintered at 1100°C to less than 0.5 μm sintered at 800°C, leading to much improved breakdown field and energy storage properties. Recoverable energy density of 4.7 J/cm3 with a high efficiency of 89% was obtained at an electric field of 390 kV/cm, showing an excellent temperature stability over temperature range of 25–200°C and fatigue endurance for more than 105 cycles. Of particular importance is that the ceramic tape cofired with silver electrode over temperature range of 800–850°C shows no reaction and diffusion of silver at the electrode/ceramic interface, while a recoverable energy density of 3.3
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