A print illustrating the burning of the throne of Louis Philippe I on February Feb. 25, 1848, in Paris, ca. 1848. The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars…
Normandy, French Normandie, historic and cultural region of northern France encompassing the départements of Manche, Calvados, Orne, Eure, and Seine-Maritime and coextensive with the former province of Normandy. It was recreated as an administrative entity in 2016 with the union of the régions of Basse-Normandie and Haute-Normandie. (Read Sir John Keegan’s Britannica entry on the Normandy Invasion.) The Seine and Eure valleys were inhabited from Paleolithic times. Their Celtic inhabitants were conquered by Julius Caesar in 56 bce, and the region eventually became the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis Secunda. Its inhabitants were Christianized in the 3rd and 4th centuries
Monaco, officially Principality of Monaco, French Principauté de Monaco, sovereign principality located along the Mediterranean Sea in the midst of the resort area of the Côte d’Azur (French Riviera). The city of Nice, France, lies 9 miles (15 km) to the west, the Italian border 5 miles (8 km) to the east. Monaco’s tiny territory occupies a set of densely clustered hills and a headland that looks southward over the Mediterranean. Many unusual features, however, have made Monaco among the most luxurious tourist resorts in the world and have given it a fame far exceeding its size. Many visitors to