accept finland and sweden as new members and it s a striking change. think about that. we know this. you are a great student of history. they didn t feel moved to join nato for 40 years. they don t think it s safe. it does indicate the miscalculation that putin made. sweden s neutrality is going out the window. look at the conflicts between soviet union and finland and the finland-ization of ukraine early on. now with that reality of this hundreds of mile border with nato countries in the future, what do you think putin can or is considering doing? is there anything he could do? this is a huge change.
controls everything look at north korea, venezuela, cuba. we hope the situation will be solved. i want to turn to president biden telling reporter that is the nato alliance is as strong as it s ever been. putin thought he could break the transatlantic alliance. he tried to weaken us. he expected the resolve to fracture but he is getting what he did not wanted. he wanted the finlandness of that i to. what do you think about the president s comments? finland-ization means that they wanted, russians wanted ukraine to accept the position of finland that are neutral and differential to moscow but instead nato accepted or will
alongside that, our allies are stepping up and doing the same thing. when you hear about germany increasing their military spending, as well as all of the countries committed to the 2%, that is a success and accept and it is good to see this alliance come together and contribute this way. professor serrot, as someone who studies and teaching about europe and written a book about the relationship between russia and the united states after the cold war, what is your reaction to what we saw just in the last week sort of forms aed, president biden saying that putin is getting exactly what he did not want. he wanted the finland-ization and he not the nato-ization of finland instead. who do you make of what we saw in madrid? i think the key takeaway from biden s press conference just now and from the summit was five words, as long as it takes. i saw the president very
to the western alliance. they became members of the european union. they ve been reforming their armed forces in a way that make them completely compatible with nato s. so it s been quite a slow process, but since the annexation of crimea in 2014, these countries have started to prepare and they ve started increasingly. including to invest in their armed forces because they started to feel, well, that russia was becoming quite unpredictable. and for finland also, finland accepted the famous finland ization after 1948, accepted that essentially they didn t have complete sovereignty over their defence and foreign policy. but there were huge sacrifices, and i think this is something that we never discussed enough how hard the sacrifices that the finnish people made to in order to to maintain their own peace and also the stability in the region.