pressure on vladimir putin. >> steve, i had a question for you. what about the boomerang effect here. what are the implications of this for european economies and for the united states? even though we're causing russia real pain, might also some of it blow back against ourselves? >> sure, richard, that's a good question and it is an important point and i think there's a couple of pieces to it. first, again, the history of these kinds of massive sanctions have had worldwide impacts, you put the world in a state of turmoil where you can't buy what you want to buy and so forth. but it is particularly important here, the energy thing is very different. what we have not yet done is impose severe trade sanctions. we imposed heavy financial sanctions but we've not been willing to go after the oil and gas because europe gets over 40% of its gas from russia. russia is still one of the three largest oil producers in the world, so it would be destructive especially to europe but also to the u.s. to put those kinds of sanctions in place. so we held back on that to try