Transcripts For KPIX 60 Minutes 20140203

Are we ready for we day . We are pelley you can feel that ripple in the free the children celebrations that kielburger calls we day. He does as many as 13 of these a year, and when we came to this one in vancouver, there were 20,000 kids. Kids are looking to get involved. Theyre. Theyre searching for it. And not only is it good for the child, my god, our world needs it. Simon Magnus Carlsen is the best in the world. Just look at what he is doing, competing against ten players simultaneously. That, in itself, is not extraordinary, but magnus cannot see the boards; hes facing the other way. So he has to keep track of the positions of 320 pieces blind. And the number of possible moves . Infinite. It. It transcends chess. I mean, i just cant fathom what youve just done. It seems like its supernatural. Cbs money watch update sponsored by lincoln financial. Calling all chief life officers. Good evening. Janet yellen is sworn in tomorrow as the new fed chief. 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Really . Really. Ok, so whats the catch . There is no catch. Ok, im obviously getting nowhere with you. Im gonna need to speak with the supervisor. I am the supervisor. Oh, finally someone i can talk to. [ male announcer ] its not complicated. New smartphone plans starting at 45 a month, with no annual contract. Only from at t. Pelley good evening. Im scott pelley and this is 60 minutes presents. Theres no age requirement when it comes to talent, initiative or ability. And over the years, 60 minutes has encountered some amazing kids with amazing gifts in the most unlikely places. Tonight, we revisit three of them, beginning with a story that morley safer reported in october about a very young scientist investigating pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly cancers, in part because often, by the time it is diagnosed, the disease has spread to other parts of the body. So, when news broke that a test had been developed that might detect early pancreatic cancer, the Research World not only took notice, it went into shock, for the test hadnt been developed by some renowned Cancer Research institute, but by a boy wonder, a 15yearold High School Freshman named jack andraka. He then convinced an eminent Cancer Researcher to let him use his lab to develop his theory, all before he even had a license to drive. And while the test must undergo years of Clinical Trials, the biotech industry has already beaten a path to jacks door. cheering safer this is jack andraka as he beats out 1,500 contestants and wins the grand prize at the Intel International science fair with his invention. Like a modern day rocky, this selfdescribed science geek took the stage and 100,000 in prize money. Pure, unadulterated adolescent joy. When you won the intel award, your reaction went viral on the internet, correct . Jack andraka yes, yes, it did. laughs safer its a nojoke award. Jack andraka i wasnt expecting any awards there. Then, when i won, i was just flabbergasted. I was, like, freaking out. I was just like, what . Safer yes, you were. Jack andraka me . Safer jack andrakas journey from suburban baltimore High School Freshman to Cancer Researcher began at age 14 when a family friend died of pancreatic cancer. Shocked that there is no reliable early test for the disease, jack decided he would develop one. He began probing the internet for everything he could find about pancreatic cancer biomarkers. He Read Research articles during class, and in the middle of biology, while stealthily reading a medical journal, he says inspiration hit. The teacher was not amused. Jack andraka i swear, she has, like, eyes on the back of her head or something. She sees me, and she storms up to my desk and is like, mr. Andraka, what is this . And, like, snatches it out of my hand. Safer as if you had Playboy Magazine right . Jack andraka yeah, yeah. Im just like. It was just a science article. Shouldnt this be a good thing . Safer when he told his parents, steve and jane andraka, about his project, they werent exactly encouraging. Steve andraka my reaction wasnt a good one. I said, jack, isnt that a little farfetched . Jane andraka and i know that when youre 14, you cant just run out and get a lab. A lot of people, you know, are like, we dont train middle schoolers. Safer but jack decided to find one that did. Over the course of four months, he prepared a test protocol for his theory and sent it out to 200 Cancer Researchers. Jack andraka i essentially had to send them my budget, my procedure, my timeline and materials list. And i actually got 199 rejections out of those. Some professors ripped apart my procedure completely. But one professor, dr. Anirban maitra, finally said yes. Safer an encouraging yes . Jack andraka it was like, this idea might work. And he starts interrogating me, kind of firing these questions, trying to sink my procedure, in a way. But i answered all of them. Safer dr. Anirban maitra was a professor of oncology at Johns Hopkins university, and now heads pancreatic Cancer Research at m. D. Anderson Cancer Center in houston. He says his curiosity was piqued by jacks proposal. Dr. Anirban maitra well, its not every day that you get an email from a 15yearold that comes with a detailed protocol, with methods and supplies and what pitfalls you might run into. And i said, maybe ill get you a corner in my lab and well have one of the postdoctoral fellows supervising you. Lets see where all this. This all goes. laughs safer for the next seven months, after school and on weekends, jacks mother would drop him off at the lab where he learned basic Lab Techniques and worked on developing his cancer test. Jack andraka finally, one day in march, i realized this was actually working. Like, it was working amazingly. Because it was passing all of these preliminary tests. And i run out and, pretty much, like, screaming around the lab. I finally go out and rush into my moms car. And, like, me and her are screaming in the car. And then, of course, i have school the next day. Safer jacks test detects an unusually high level of mesothelin, a protein that the body produces in pancreatic cancers early and most treatable stage. What exactly are you doing now . Jack andraka so essentially what this is its one of my strips, and what you do is you first get an original measurement of how the electricity flows across it. Safer the paper strip is coated with a carbon substance that attracts mesothelin. It is placed in an apparatus that jack built in his parents garage. Jack andraka and im just taking out one single drop of blood here. Safer a high level of mesothelin in a patients blood sample may indicate the first stages of pancreatic cancer. Jack andraka see how its increased . Its increased by about two times here. And so what that means is that theres a really high level of this one protein there, and that signals the presence of pancreatic cancer for me. Safer while years of Clinical Trials must be done there is no f. D. A. Approved test that can reliably measure mesothelin dr. Maitra says a test of this kind that could detect pancreatic cancer in its earliest stage could save thousands of lives. Maitra he did hone into the most important missing aspect in terms of pancreatic cancer, which is we dont really have good early detection. There is nothing like a psa test or a colonoscopy or a mammogram that you can get for the pancreas at this point in time. So by the time the majority of patients present, they already have tumor that has spread outside the pancreas, and those patients typically dont do very well. Safer he says the test, which costs jack three cents a strip to make, is remarkably elegant in its simplicity. Its remarkable what youve achieved and what youve come up with. Its no question. Have the brain men come to talk to you and want to figure you out . Jack andraka no, actually, no one has approached me to do, like, an autopsy of my brain yet, but. Safer a scan, shall we say. Jack andraka a scan. But, like, maybe later on, an autopsy. But, really, i dont think its that im really smart. I. I mean, i know people that are way smarter than me. You can be a genius, but if you dont have the creativity to put that knowledge to use, then you just have a bunch of knowledge and nothing else. I mean, like, then youre just as good as my smart phone. Safer his parents say he has been obsessed with science since he was a toddler, conducting experiments even as a three year old. School, for him, was so easy, his parents tried to keep him engaged by encouraging science projects at home. Jack andraka my family isnt the typical family. Like, were. Instead of, like, talking about football, we have, like, all these science magazines all scattered throughout our house. And we talk about them at dinner. Safer after jack decided to cultivate e. Coli just for the fun of it on the kitchen stove, his parents insisted that he and his older brother luke use the basement as their lab. Their parents believe the less they know about what goes on down there, the better. I gather the rule of the house is, dont burn down the house and dont kill yourself . Steve andraka pretty much. Its dont blow up the house. I want to come home and have a place to live. Safer what do they do down there . Jane andraka i dont really know because i dont go down there much. Safer and they may have reason for concern. Clearly, neatness does not count. Last year, luke cooked up some nitroglycerin, just to see if he could. Luke andraka and i was just interested to see, could i make it down here . It worked. Safer it also drew the attention of the fbi, who, they say, sent a letter letting them know that their internet purchasing history had been noted by the feds. Luke andraka they were a little concerned safer laughs i dont know why im laughing. But these days, jack doesnt have much time for messing in the basement. Jack andraka. applause safer his test idea has made him a star speaker at medical conferences all over the world. Jack andraka so, with me, i just used google and wikipedia to find a new way to attack pancreatic cancer. At the beginning of this, i didnt even know i had a pancreas. So if i could do that. laughter safer and hes become a regular at the white house four visits this year alone. President barack obama wheres jack . There he is. Jack, stand up. applause safer youve also become a heavyduty celebrity . Jack andraka its pretty insane. I mean, you see barack obama. Safer president barack obama. Jack andraka yeah, president barack obama. laughs and im just like, hello, mr. President. And then, hello, first lady. Its just. Like, its crazy. Safer in the past year, he has spoken in canada, italy, australia, greece, the United Nations and, so far, four trips to england. Jack andraka earlier this year. Safer . Including this address he gave to the renowned Royal Society of medicine about his test and the problems with current cancer diagnostics. Jack andraka i type this into the internet. Safer this 15yearold has all the confidence of a physician. Jack andraka and what it comes up with is i could be going through cocaine withdrawal, i could have cancer, or i could be pregnant, so. Safer . A standup physician. Jack andraka so, what i see in the future of medical diagnostics is a shift from the symptom base to more of a diagnostic antibodiesbased approach, such as a sensor. Safer . Working the crowds of academics and checking out cambridge university. No big deal. Jane andraka could you study here . Jack andraka yes. Safer jack easily maintains a 4. 0 g. P. A. In school, despite a spotty attendance record. Youre still in high school, correct . Jack andraka yeah. Safer why bother . Jack andraka laughs well, the reason i still bother with high school is because of my mom. She. Shes really, like, you have to do high school and you have to go to college, but. Theyre being kind of lenient with me right now. Jane andraka who wants tea . Safer jacks family is pretty laid back about n; success low pressure and a high sense of humor. They say that all work and no play makes jack a dull boy. And it seems that youve been doing all work. Jack andraka well, i would say, all play, no work, because, for me, going to the lab is pretty much play, i mean, its the funnest thing ever. Safer jack holds the patent on his cancer test, and with the help of his patent lawyer, is looking to license the technology to a Pharmaceutical Company in the next few months. Now, the actual testing, on people or animals, i gather youre not interested in doing that . Jack andraka so, i did some preliminary studies. However, one thing i dont want to do is end up as a lab rat. I kind of want to be able to come up with a new idea, and then really just move on to the next idea, and have other people do the repetitive trials. Safer well, where does that stand right now . Jack andraka i have enough data to prove that this works, and so now im going to give it to the pharmaceutical companies to run it through, like, Clinical Trials and stuff. Safer he believes that, one day, his invention will be in every Doctors Office and even on pharmacy shelves. But dr. Maitra, who has seen so many promising ideas flame out when it comes to pancreatic cancer, urges caution. Maitra pancreatic cancer is a very humbling disease. Every time we think we have a home run, we barely get to first base. As a test, it is still a very long way off, and the reason for that is because such a test cannot be marketed unless it has been validated in large Clinical Trials. And that cannot be done in a small lab. That cannot be done by a 15 yearold, but that does not detract in any way from the remarkable achievement of this young man. I think he is brilliant. Jack andraka i was sitting in class and suddenly it hit me. Safer between speaking engagements and the occasional appearance at school, jack is back in the lab working on new diagnostic and environmental tests. Congratulations. Safer and while he now moves in very adult circles, jack says, when it comes to his future, he is just like any other lost teenager. Jack andraka i actually have no clue what i want to do when i grow up. I mean, hopefully, something in science ill be in. And hopefully, ill be doing work that will help change the world. Can you raise a gifted child in a normal home . Go to 60minutesovertime. Com. 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[ male announcer ] build anything with the new toyota tundra. Toyota. Lets go places. Well, its feeling Pretty Simple again thanks to Weight Watchers new simple start. Its a 2week plan to start losing weight right away. Join for free. Weight watchers. Your new beginning starts here. Customizable charts, powerful screening tools, and guaranteed onesecond trades. And at the center of it all is a surprisingly low price just 7. 95. In fact, fidelity gives you lower trade commissions than schwab, td ameritrade, and etrade. Im monica santiago of fidelity investments, and low fees and commissions are another reason serious investors are choosing fidelity. Call or click to open your fidelity account today. Pelley some people devote their lives to causes greater than themselves, and for many, that devotion comes late in life. But Craig Kielburger discovered it early. He was in seventh grade when the death of a boy changed his life. It was a change so profound that, through kielburger, it has now saved and transformed other lives all around the globe. In that moment, 19 years ago, Craig Kielburger was struck by a profound truth something as important as changing the world cant be left to grownups. Craig kielburger kids are looking to get involved. Theyre. Theyre searching for it. And in an era where, you know, adults often are looking for meaning and purpose in their lives, kids also want to assert who they are, not just by the video games they play or the peer groups they belong to, but by the contribution they make. And thats part of a youth self identity in the world. And not only is it good for the child, my god, our world needs it. Pelley Craig Kielburger was a child when he noticed the needs of the world. As a 12yearold in canada, he read about the murder of a boy his age in pakistan. Iqbal masih was a slave in a carpet factory. Masih escaped to lead a campaign against servitude. But within two years, he was silenced. Kielburger put down the newspaper and rose to speak. Kielburger were talking about labor and the exploitation of children. Pelley he made iqbal masihs fight his own. He talked to classmates, to congress, to parliament. To call him precocious is an understatement, as our own ed bradley found out in 1996. Bradley but what made you think you could do something about it . Kielburger originally, i didnt think i could, really. But the only way were going to ever find out is try. So after doing some research, i just walked to my classmates and said, listen, i read this article. Heres a problem. This is what i know which, at that point, was not very much and asked, who wants to help . Pelley turned out 11 friends wanted to help. With no money to start with, no wealthy parents or early backers, they met in his living room and started a charity called free the children. Bradley why you . Kielburger why not . If. If everyone in the world could say, why me . Then nothing ever would be accomplished. Why me . Because ive met those children. Because ive seen them. Because i read the story of iqbal masih. Why not me . Pelley in the 1990s, kielburger wanted to free children from slavery. So he went to asia, recruiting activists and government authorities to bust child sweatshops and sex traffickers. There were early successes. But when we went overseas with kielburger, he told us freeing children was much more complicated than he had first imagined. What are some of the things that didnt work out . What have you learned . Kielburger you know, probably the lowest moment ever was the first time in southeast asia, when we met children who we had freed before who are back in slavery. To see that some of those same kids would end up back in the same grinding, backbreaking, desperate poverty, there is nothing that makes your heart fall more than that. Pelley kids he freed were being pulled back into servitude, years later, by centuriesold culture and traditions shaped by poverty and illiteracy. At the point that you saw that your original big idea wasnt working, why didnt you throw in the towel . Kielburger there were points where. Frankly, where there was a frustration, anger, and maybe a slight desire to throw in the towel, but never a consideration of it seriously. Because that first trip i took before i sat down with ed bradley and that first 60 minutes episode that was a turning point in our lives that first trip, i made promises to a lot of kids there that, at that time, there was almost nothing that free the children could do in practice. We didnt have schools and projects and offices around the world, and the only thing i could promise them at that point was that i would share their stories with whoever would listen. And i just wouldnt give up. And when you make a promise, you have to fulfill it. Pelley the way to keep that promise, he decided, was to attack hardship and ignorance, the very roots of slavery. Today, free the childrens work can be seen in 45 countries a 40 millionayear charity building schools, providing clean water, and connecting local craftsmen to world markets, where their traditions bring in good money. There are two million volunteers, nearly all of them under the age of 18. Kielburger so free the children today is the Worlds Largest network of children helping children. So what that means, in practice, is we inspire kids. Then, we give them all the tools they need to learn about these issues speaking tours, summer leadership camps, curriculum every week. Our bet that were making is, if you give kids the inspiration and the tools to change the world, itll change their own lives also in the process. And the Ripple Effect is incredible. Are we ready for we day . We are pelley you can feel that ripple in the free the children celebrations that kielburger calls we day. He does as many as 13 of these a year, and when we came to this one in vancouver, there were 20,000 kids. Pelley we days feature acts like nelly furtado. Pelley . Jennifer hudson, and lectures by activists, including Nobel Peace Prize winner desmond tutu. But listen to what happens when kielburger takes the stage. cheers and applause kielburger we day isnt just a day; we day is a movement, a movement that happens all year long. Pelley kielburger is joined on stage every we day by his older brother marc, who manages the financial side of free the children. Marc kielburger . Just like you coming together and taking action. Pelley when we see in the stadium all those faces of all those kids, how did they get there . Craig kielburger you cant buy a ticket to we day. Any kid can earn their way in for whatever cause they care about half local, half global. And theyre there. These are kids who have done, you know, bake sales and car washes and volunteered at Retirement Homes and local support lines, and theyve started their own charities, and when they leave, they bring that inspiration. We day is just the beginning. I need the one with the chocolate chips. Pelley we followed that bake sale money back to st. Anns school in bridgeport, connecticut. Free the children recruits through schools, almost turning them into chapters of the global organization. There is so much trouble in the world. Magdalena dukowska yes. Pelley when we met 11year old Magdalena Dutkowska and 12 yearold joey hopkins, they were headed to kenya, inspired by their first we day. Dukowska we day is like the biggest thing in the world. Its like the greatest event that could ever happen, and so its just all these important people coming to one day to one event to talk about how we can change the world. Craig kielburger when a child donates their birthday money, there is an incredible responsibility that comes with that to make sure. We have kids who have walked up to us and handed us a piggy bank. There is such a responsibility to make sure that money gets to where its supposed to go. Pelley when the bake sale money comes in and the Piggy Bank Money comes in and you count that up, whats it come to . Craig kielburger well, you know, the average kid probably gives, you know, somewhere between 1, maybe 5, maybe 10. Over the course of a school, thats maybe 1,500 around. Pelley so, how do you. How do you save the world on that kind of money . Craig kielburger oh, that adds up to millions and millions of dollars, tens upon tens of millions of dollars every year for our projects. A penny is almost like a kid people walk past pennies all the time and ignore them, think they. Theyre insignificant, kind of like kids. You dont really think twice, can they really make a difference . But when you bring enough young people, enough kids together, then suddenly, those kids can change the world. Pelley and this is one of the places that kielburger set out to change, the masai mara in kenya. The mara offers nearly every wonder of east africa. The traditions of the masai people are rich, but their access to water and education is among the poorest in the world. Joey hopkins and Magdalena Dutkowska raised enough money back in connecticut to join other volunteers to build a new classroom here. Each year, 2,400 kids lend their hands overseas. And over the last 12 years, 150 schools have been built in kenya. This one was finished in 2010. Now, 190 students are enrolled, among them sharon, naiomi, faith and marcella. Sharon, let me start with you. What does this school mean to you . Sharon it means a lot to me, because, at first, i could not even talk to people like you now. I did not understand english well. But now, this school has helped me a lot to know more english and gain more confidence. Pelley how long have you been in this school . Sharon one and a half years. Pelley youve learned this much english in one and a half years . Sharon yes. Pelley thats amazing. How many of you think youre going to go to university . Everybody. And now, a University Education will be open to more students because, after three weeks here, a new classroom was built by the kids of free the children. With two students at each desk, this classroom will hold about 50. singing pelley at the end of the project, the masai honored magdalena and joey with a celebration and a traditional gift. Joey hopkins i was just standing there with my goat that they gave me. I was just like, wow. Our. Like, we did this and we gave this new education to these kids, and now they are so grateful for it. Pelley what are you going to do with the goat . Hopkins well, i havent seen my goat in a while, actually. So i miss it, but. Im going to have to leave it here in kenya. Pelley leave it here . Dont you think your mother would like to have it back in connecticut . Hopkins i wish she would, but we cant even have a dog, let alone a goat. Pelley what are you going to tell the kids back at school about the experience here . What do they need to know . Hopkins what they need to know is that poverty is a real thing, and starve. Kids starving, like, that are five or four years old is a real thing; that not everyone in the world can just go downstairs, turn on the tap, and get a glass of water; and that not everyone has a proper education. And that you should really be thankful for the things you have. Pelley by the time they cut the ribbon, it was hard for us to figure which kids had gained the most. The kenyans got a new classroom, but it was the American Kids who learned they can be the change in the world. [ park sounds, sound of spray paint ] we asked people a question, how much money do you think youll need when you retire . 500,000. Maybe halfmillion. Say a million dollars. [ dan ] then we gave each person a ribbon to show how many years that amount might last. I was trying to like pull it a little further. You know, i was trying to stretch it a little bit more. [ woman ] got me to 70 years old. Im going to have to rethink this thing. [ man ] i looked around at everybody else and i was like, are you kidding me . [ dan ] its just human nature to focus on the here and now. So its hard to imagine how much well need for a retirement that could last 30 years or more. So maybe we need to approach things differently, if we want to be ready for a longer retirement. [ male announcer ] bobs heart attack didnt come with a warning. Today his doctor has him on a bayer aspirin regimen to help reduce the risk of another one. If youve had a heart attack, be sure to talk to your doctor before you begin an aspirin regimen. Two greek yogurts, one winner. I love this one. Yoplait its so much better than chobani. I really have to say yoplait. A winner, winner [ female announcer ] let your tastebuds decide. Take the yoplait greek tasteoff. [ female announcer ] let your tastebuds decide. Pelley Magnus Carlsen is the best in the world. He is a 23yearold norwegian who Reigns Supreme in a sport played by 500 million people. Its chess. Many people dont think of it as a sport because its players dont move very much, but chess masters will tell you it can be more brutal than boxing. Thats because, at the championship level, the objective is not just to win, but to demolish your opponent. That can take hours. The best players need extraordinary endurance, so most of them are young. Magnus was a child prodigy. He became a grandmaster at the age of 13, and then became the youngest player ever to be ranked number one in the world. And yet, as bob simon first reported two years ago, if you ask him to explain how he does what he does, magnus will tell you he cant. It seems to come from some other world, which is why hes known as the mozart of chess. Simon just look at what he is doing competing against ten players simultaneously. That, in itself, is not extraordinary. But magnus cannot see the boards; hes facing the other way. So he has to keep track of the positions of 320 pieces blind. And the number of possible moves . Infinite. applause magnus comes out on top. Thats the most amazing thing ive ever seen. Do you have any idea how extraordinary this looks to. Magnus carlsen no. Its one of the Amazing Things in chess that you can. You dont really need the board. You can just keep it. Simon but it. It transcends chess. I mean, i just. I just cant fathom what youve just done. It seems like its supernatural. We caught up with him at the london chess classic in 2011. He arrives with his constant companion, his father. Magnus will play against eight other topranked players. But he is the star, as celebrated in this world as eli manning is in his. The world number one player from norway, Magnus Carlsen. applause simon today, magnus is playing americas number one, hikaru nakamura. The match will last four hours, and there will be no breaks. Magnus will go on a stroll now and then, but his mind wont be going anywhere. He says hes concentrating not only on this game, but on other games played by other masters at other times, which he might want to draw on now 10,000 of them. We gave him a test. Carlsen it was played right here in london simpsons on the strand in 1859. I dont know the month or day. Simon you got it wrong. Carlsen not 59 . Simon 51. Carlsen wow. Simon you see, mem. Your memory isnt. Carlsen its not. Its not what it used to be. laughs simon chess players are pretty pokerfaced. But occasionally, magnus will flash the smile of someone who knows its all over but the handshake, while nakamura dives deeper into doom. Magnus was playing brilliantly and he knew it. Is there anything in life more satisfying than that feeling when youre playing brilliantly . Carlsen i dont know. But its. Its really, you know, up there. laughter simon its pretty good. Carlsen yes. Simon the spectators seem as mesmerized as the competitors. Theyre all chess players, of course. If they werent, it would be like watching paint dry. Worldwide, 100,000 are watching on their computers. The suspense keeps building until endgame, by which time, its cutthroat. But do you enjoy it when you see your opponent squirm . Carlsen yes. I. I do. I enjoy it when i see my opponent, you know, really suffering, when he knows that ive outsmarted him. If i lose just one game, then usually, you know, i just want to really get revenge. Simon this is war, isnt it . Carlsen yeah. Simon for 50 years, chess was war. It was a battleground in the cold war with the russians, who were dominant. But then, an american came along. His name was Bobby Fischer. In 1972, he took on the russian champion boris spassky, and he won. It was an international spectacle. And the enthusiasm has not waned. Back in london, just down the corridor from where magnus is playing, 500 novices are learning how to master kings and queens. Do you ever play any grownups . Yes. Yes, i do play grownups. In fact, im getting the hang of playing grownups. Simon whos your favorite chess player . Bobby fischer. Simon Bobby Fischer . Yeah. And i like Magnus Carlsen. Simon you like magnus. Chess is now routinely taught in schools all over the world, including the united states. In some countries, its compulsory. Chess can be taught, but not genius. Magnus seemed like a normal enough kid growing up outside oslo. But wait a minute when he was five, he could name almost all the countries in the world and their capitals and their populations. Magnuss father, henrik, didnt think that was terribly unusual. Henrik carlsen he did have a good memory, and the ability to concentrate for hours at a time on the specific topic. And he seemed to be interested in a lot of things, new things, all the time. But i thought that was normal. Simon what got him into chess . Sibling rivalry. His older sister started to play, so he wanted to beat her, which he did, quickly. Then, he started winning tournaments. Before long, he became a celebrity, one of the first norwegians to excel in a sport that did not involve snow. People lined up in shopping malls to play him. When he won, magnus said it was just a game, no big deal. He couldnt understand why people were making such a fuss. Carlsen why does. Why do all people want to talk with little me . Simon magnuss parents took him and his sisters out of school for a year, rented out their house, sold their car. It was part holiday, mostly chess. They went to reykjavik, iceland, which is where magnus took a leap into legend when he was matched against gary kasparov, the russian considered by many to be the greatest ever. And how did magnus prepare . By reading up. Kasparov kept the 13yearold kid waiting for half an hour, and when he did arrive, he didnt even say hello. It was speed chess, the formula one of the sport, a race against the clock. Kasparov started slow. Magnus started getting bored. Carlsen i sat there for a few seconds, and then i thought to myself, you know what . I dont know why hes thinking. But i know what my response is going to be, anyway. So ill just walk off and watch the other games. Kasparov had never played anyone so young. But he did not exude confidence or happiness, and he did not win. Magnus played him to a draw. It was a sensation. Kasparov left quickly. No nice game, kid, nothing. How did magnus react . Guess. He thought he had blown it. Carlsen when i actually got to winning position, i. I had little time, i was nervous, and i couldnt finish him off. Simon why were you nervous . Carlsen i was playing kasparov. I was in. Intimidated. Simon you were. You were intimidated by playing the worlds champion when you were already 13 years old . Carlsen yeah. Go figure. laughter simon it warranted a celebration, of course, and magnus got to choose. Carlsen yes. I went to my family and had some ice cream at mcdonalds. Simon by the time he was 19, the boy with the ice cream had become number one in the world. Frederic friedel he has a very deep understanding of chess. Simon frederic friedels company, chess base, publishes the worlds most popular chess program. Is this an indication of genius . Friedel of genius and raw talent. Now, magnus has. Still hasnt reached his peak. He hasnt really worked yet. Simon ive heard him described as lazy, which i find quite extraordinary. Friedel i mean, thats an impolite term, but its probably appropriate. Simon except when hes not. Magnus plays soccer whenever he can break away from the board. Hes got a mean backhand, and he is also moonlighting as a model. Theres never been much money in chess, but magnus is changing that. Sponsors are lining up to endorse him. Hes making about a million and a half dollars a year. But its a solitary life. Magnus is on the road 200 days a year now. Between matches, he is alone in his hotel room getting ready for tomorrows game. He works out almost every day, knows he cant concentrate for whats often seven hours unless hes in shape. Magnus says he wouldnt be able to tolerate this life if it werent for his father, who is always there for him. When you travel with magnus, whats your role . Henrik carlsen im a servant and a chess fan. Simon you enjoy the games . Henrik carlsen yes. Simon and so, he says, does magnus. Boy, when you look at him, when i look at him, enjoyment is not the word that comes to mind. laughter Henrik Carlsen it should. Maybe you have to compare it to a writer or a painter. I mean, probably, if you see them at work, they. Theyre not smiling or having an easy time. Theyre exploiting their mind to the utmost. And the same with the chess players. Simon but that level of concentration is not danger free. A fair number of grandmasters have gone mad, which is what happened to Bobby Fischer in his later years. Bobby fischer this was not an arrest. This was a kidnapping. It was all cooked up. Simon do you ever think about that . Magnus carlsen yes, i do. You know, when i was watching the. The recent film about Bobby Fischer, i was thinking, you know, is this going to be me in. In a few years . I dont think thats going to happen. But, you know, it made me. Made me think a little bit that, you know, i have to. To be aware of this, at least. Simon people have described you as the mozart of chess. How do you react to that . Magnus carlsen yeah. Maybe. But. But was mozart ever asked how he does this . I. I dont. I. I would be very impressed if. If he had a good answer to that. Because i think what he would say is that just. It just comes natural to me. Natural to me. Its what i do. Simon which is what you say. Magnus carlsen yeah. Simon its what he does for fun, too, at the oslo chess club where he started. He is playing a norwegian grandmaster here. Its called bullet chess and magnus has a handicap. His opponent is given three minutes to make his moves; magnus has one. Its just a friendly match, but magnus always hates to lose, so he doesnt. You got him . Carlsen yeah, i got him. Pelley Magnus Carlsen is now the highest rated chess player of all time and, last november, he won the world chess championship, the first westerner to have done so since american Bobby Fischer in 1972. Good job still running in the morning . 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