Transcripts For KLAS 60 Minutes 20161128

Someone you know and love. After years of research on a unique population of patients, a multimillion dollar nihbacked study has begun to see if the dreaded alzheimers disease may be preventable. If it makes a difference for them, i think theres a reasonable chance it could make a difference for all the rest of people who get alzheimers disease. Im steve croft. Im leslie stah im scott pelley. Im charlie rose,. Im bill whittaker. Those stories, plus a look back at a rare moment with fidel castro, tonight on 60 minutes. Cbs money watch, sponsored by American Express open. The Largest Online shopping day in history. Opec ministers are meeting in vienna on wednesday to discuss plans to cut oil output. And friday the Labor Department is expected to report 170,000 jobs were add this month. Im meg oliver, cbs news. [ sneezes ] i have a big meeting when we land, but im so stuffed up, i cant rest. Nyquil cold and flu liquid gels dont unstuff your nose. They dont . Alkaseltzer plus night liquid gels fights your worst cold symptoms. Plus, unstuffs your nose. As i wasmy family tree, i discovered a woman named marianne gaspard. It was her french name. Then she came to louisiana as a slave. I became curious where in africa she was from. So i took the ancestry dna test to find out more about my african roots. The ancestry dna results were really specific. They told me all of these places in west africa. I feel really proud of my lineage, and i feel really proud of my ancestry. Ancestry has many paths to discovering your story, get started for free at ancestry. Com holidays are about joy again. Where days are filled with magic instead of madness. At t. J. Maxx, marshalls and homegoods, weve imagined the holidays this way for decades. Its why we never have crazy sales. Never make you clip coupons. And always have amazing prices on popular brands and thoughtful gifts. Its time to bring back the holidays hey, need fast try cool mint zantac. It releases a cooling sensation in your mouth and throat. Zantac works in as little as 30 minutes. Nexium can take 24 hours. Try cool mint zantac. Rose italy is the stage for the next big drama in this tumultuous political year. Next sunday, italians will go to the polls to vote on a referendum driven by matteo renzi, italys brash and charismatic Prime Minister. He wants to reduce the size of italys senate by twothirds literally getting rid of hundreds of politicians. A monumental proposition for italy, and himself. Renzi argues that italy has changed governments 63 times in 70 years, and trimming the size of government will help bring order to chaos and move the country into the 21st century. The vote will have implications for all of europe, and hinges on the considerable political macchiavelli a 41year old former mayor of florence, who is the youngest Prime Minister in italys history. bells we met matteo renzi in his hometown of florence, where the renaissance was born, and where it flourished. Matteo renzi this is rose he insisted on conducting the interview in the maic old palace, in a room with a view. Look out the window renzi yes rose it was only 48 hours after donald trump had stunned the world. This is the headline i saw in the New York Times this morning, when i got up here in your city. Whats your reaction . Renzi its a surprise. laughs its a great surprise. Yesterday, i spoke with the president elected. Rose you spoke with trump . Renzi yes. I called rose did he call you, or you called him . Renzi i called him. And because the president Prime Minister of italy. And i, i wish him every, every good, good luck for, for the next years. Rose did you remind him that you had supported his opponent . Renzi but we dont discuss about it. But its normal. Its the, the great, the great play of democracy. Rose matteo renzi finds himself at the center of a great play of democracy. Italians will vote on december 4 it would change italys constitution by slashing the number of senators in parliament. Renzi italy is incredible. Because italy is the country with 950 members of parliament. The double of the United States of america. Rose the u. S. Has 435 members of the house, and 100 members of the senate. Renzi in italy, the number are 630 in the chamber, and in rose a yes vote would reduce the senate to 100 members, who would be appointed and not elected. Renzi believes the change is needed because the senate is the graveyard of legislation in italy. Renzi this referendum is not a referendum to change democracy in italy. It is a referendum to reduce bureaucracy in italy. Italy is the worst country for bureaucracy around the world. And this is very important. If we have a system with a lot of politicians, the consequence is 63 government changes in 70 years. Rose 63 governments in 70 years renzi exactly. Because we have a system in the hands of bureaucracy. Everything is difficult. Everything is complicated. And my idea is simply, give rose renzi is known as the demolition man in italy, because he wants to scrap the old ways of doing business. Hes already passed a bill that makes it easier to hire and fire workers. Renzi argues that with a leaner senate, he can streamline the way italy is run. History is italys richest asset, but its present is hampered by a bloated and inefficient state. Italys economy hasnt grown for two decades. The Unemployment Rate ea italians still know how to enjoy life, even as the country seems stuck in place. Many italians are suspicious of renzis motives for the referendum. Virginia raggi this is crazy. This is madness. This is ridiculous. Democracy is the right that people have to choose their, their representative. Rose virginia raggi is the new mayor of rome, who came to office with little political experience. Her Party Opposes renzis raggi he doesnt want to change the country. He just want more power. Rose thats an incredible accusation to make. More power to do what . Raggi what he wants. Maybe, all the laws that he want to do without havin a great opposition from the parliament. Rose Beppe Severgnini is one of italys leading columnists. He says renzi personalized the referendum early on, by vote prevailed. Beppe severgnini and of course, that concentrated all of his opponents, everywhere the left, the right, the center, whatever we, even within his party. So, in practice, its a referendum on matteo renzi and its him against everyone else. Rose its become a vote about you. And thats not good. Renzi yes. This is, was my mistake in the first days of the electoral campaign. I understand the mistake. People who say, oh, politicians have to, refuse to admit the mistakes. No. I am an, i am a man. I can make some mistakes. Rose if you can trust them, the polls show the no vote slightly ahead. There have been weekly rallies against renzi and his referendum, some of which have turned violent rose while others have been simply passionate. Si o no . No rose even h recent rally read, renzi go home, although hes only been in office for a little over two and a half years, matteo renzi is now seen as the establishment, the vessel for people to vent their anger, in a year when discontented voters are saying no to those in power. Renzi after the victory of trump, a lot of italian populists, ah, we won rose they said trump was a vote for no. In pennsylvania, its not the same thing in lombardia or piemonte. Rose europe is nervous. Already rattled this year by the shock of the brexit vote, the European Union needs stability in italy, a country notorious for its instability. . . . And president obama, with an eye perhaps on boosting renzi before the referendum, last month invited renzi and his wife agnese to the white house for the final state dinner of the obama years. . . . If renzi pulls out a victory next week, it will likely be because he is a relentless campaigner and a master of operatic stagecraft. Rose with his tuscan swagger and a florentine ease with the italian language, he is racing around italy like a man who has consumed one double espresso too renzi is a natural politician. He is trying to convince his people that a yes vote is the best chance for italy to move forward. Heres what i hear from you, sitting here in this remarkable place of history. I love italy so much, i want to change it in order to make sure it can be all that it can. Renzi the message is exactly that. After two years and a half, in my chair in rome as Prime Minister, im absolutely sure about the potential role of my country. Rose from a young age, renzi was the smartest person in the room. Rose at age 19, he won over 30,000 on the italian version of wheel of fortune. By age 34, he became the mayor of florence. To assume the Prime Ministers seat without winning an election. It was a move worthy of his fellow florentine, macchiavelli, whose name for five centuries has defined the gaining of political advantage. We are in this city of florence. The home of macchiavelli. Renzi yes. Not only macchiavelli. Not only. Macchiavelli worked exactly in the other room. Rose he worked in there . Renzi yes. And there is the portrait of macchiavelli now. About power. And the exercise of power. Thats the game youre in. Renzi macchiavelli. sigh is hated in italy. Because macchiavelli is the representation as a man who used every way to achieve the power. But i think, macchiavelli is one of the symbol of italian both this is the portrait of macchiavelli. Rose renzi is selfaware, and selfdeprecating. But the joke in italy is that renzis ego is so huge, the entrances to the Palazzo Vecchio had to be enlarged to accommodate it. Here is what some of my journalistic friends have said to me. Hes a man in a hurry. Renzi uhhuh. Rose talks too much. Has tried to do a lot in two and a half years. Priest said to you, god exists, matteo, but you are not god. laughs renzi its true. He told me laughs its very funny. But yes, i, i am a man in arena as president roosevelt. Rose Teddy Roosevelt said the man in the arena deserves the credit. Renzi im not interested to change about the government. So, yes, i talk a lot. But i think this is the only way for italy in this moment. Rose suppose you lose . Renzi for me, its not important. Im a free man. Im not as the old politicians in italy. The old politicians maintain the chair for a lot of decades. So if we will lose the referendum, this is not a problem for me. Its a problem for the new generation of italians. Because its a lost opportunity. Rose if its a yes vote, what does it mean for him . Severgnini well, if its a yes, yes vote, we have to be very careful. We have to find a way to, to anchor matteo renzi somewhere down to earth, because hes going to float in rome. You see, you look at the sky. This Matteo Renzis floating away. Because hes going to be over the moon. laughs . . . Rose Prime Minister renzi is his native florence brought the west its greatest cultural transformation. The geniuses who produced glorious art and Brilliant Ideas are still celebrated here michelangelo; da vinci; galileo. Renzi florence for me is not simply a city. Florence is a sentiment. And i think its impossible to be a politician without sentiment. Rose Matteo Renzis sense of romance about the wonders florence makes him optimistic italy can launch a new renaissance. Renzi with the yes, the italy will start the future. Because in the last 20, 20 years, italy discussed only about the past. Oh, the past is wonderful in italy. Look, look at Palazzo Vecchio. The most beautiful place in the world, in my opinion, i think this is incredible place. But the past is not sufficient. Is not enough. We need the future. Because we are italians. Museum. Renzi italy is not only the past. This is the point. For adults with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer previously treated with platinumbased chemotherapy, including those with an abnormal alk or egfr gene whove tried an fdaapproved targeted therapy, this is big. A chance to live longer opdivo demonstrated longer life and is the most prescribed immunotherapy for these patients. Opdivo significantly increased the chance of living longer versus chemotherapy. Opdivo works with your immune system. Opdivo can cause your immune system to attack normal organs and tissues in your body and affect how they work. 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And as devastating as alzheimers is anywhere, this is a particularly cruel version it strikes when people are in their mid40s, and leads to death about a decade later. It is a tragic situation, but a perfect scientific laboratory. And its now the center of a multimillion dollar, n. I. H. Backed study trying to find out for the first time, whether these are the Andes Mountains and lush countryside of antioquia, colombia, whose capital city, medellin was once famous for murder and the drug cartel of pablo escobar. Today, medellin or medejin, as its pronounced here is peaceful. But for some families here, theres still a battle going on, ba this family mother cecilia, her seven children, and grandchildren lost its patriarch, alonso. Freddie for me, my father was number one. Stahl freddie, the oldest, remembers his dad always eager to join in and play with him and his friends. Cecilia translated he was a very joyful person. He loved to dance. Very good father. Before the disease. Stahl when it first started, what were you noticing that made you think hes hes different . Cecilia translated he started asking, what is the date today . Do i have to go to work . And we got concerned. Stahl alonso at the time was in his mid40s, so the memory loss and confusion made no sense. His doctor suggested exercise and vitamins, but alonus got worse, forgetting the names of his children, getting lost and disoriented. His son victor had to help him get dressed. Victor translated i gave him his shirt, i told him dad, come, ill help you put your shirt on, and the first thing he did was to grab it and put it on through his feet. Victor translated there were moments of lucidity, where he would ask me and say, son, whats happening to me . Why dont i remember . I dont remember my children, or my wife. I dont know who i am. Stahl his son julio took him back to see the doctor julio translated when i asked the doctor, i told him, doctor, i am not leaving here until you tell me what is wrong with my father. Stahl the doctor sent them to Francisco Lopera, a neurologist at the university of antioquia who knew exactly what was wrong with alonso, because hed become the local authority on a rash of earlyonset alzheimers cases in and around Francisco Lopera they were getting disease very early in the life. Stahl it all began many years earlier, back in the 1980s, when lopera was a young medical resident. He had read about small numbers of people scattered around the world who had developed alzheimers in their 40s. So when a 47yearold man came into his medellin clinic with alzheimerslike symptoms, he was intrigued, and decided to investigate. You met this o m decided to go to where he was from . Lopera i decided to go to the town where he was living. Stahl lopera learned that the mans father and grandfather had also lost their memories in their 40s. Then, a few years later, another similar patient came into the clinic, this time a 42yearold woman from a town 40 miles away. Dr. Loperas thennurse, Lucia Madrigal, asked if any of her their memories when they were young. Lucia madrigal translated they told us yes, that the father, the uncles, the grandfather, the great grandfather, so i started making a Little Family tree, on one page, and i showed it to dr. Lopera. And i told him, look what we have here. What is this . So many with the same disease. Stahl and so began a detective hunt that lasted more than a decade. Over the region, finding more and more people afflicted with earlyonset alzheimers, and compiling family trees. They thought it might be genetic, so madrigal spent days at parish churches, poring over heavy ledgers where priests for generations had recorded village births, marriages, and deaths. Thanks to these meticulous records, she was able to trace years, and to make an important discovery the different families were actually one huge extended family, connected generations back by common ancestors who had died young, with an unusual cause of death written down by the priest softening of the brain. This is what softening of the brain looks like in real life. Fernando is 46 years old, a descendant of that second patient years ago. He started forgetting things when he was in his late 30s, and now can no longer speak, feed himself, or do just about anything on his own. His aunt takes care of him round the clock, just as she did with his mother, when she got the disease at the same age. Stage of the disease. Despite her appearance, she is just 58 years old. Patients were going from mild symptoms to complete dementia and then death within about a decade as dr. Lopera showed us in these cognitive test results. Lopera you can see, at 38 stahl even at 38, this man struggled as many older alzheimers patients do to copy a complex drawing accurately. Lopera at 45. Stahl and things got worse from there. Lopera he lost more. At 50. Stahl ah oh lopera at 51. Stahl oh dr. Lopera was convinced that what he and madrigal were discovering was scientifically important, but even as they found more patients and more related families, he couldnt get anyone outside colombia to take notice. Professor came to give a talk about alzheimers in bogota, several hours away. Ken kosik there was a person in the audience, Francisco Lopera, who came up after the talk and said, you know, theres i have a family here that w has earlyonset alzheimers. Stahl ken kosik, now at u. C. Santa barbara, was that professor. A family. Couldve been four people. Kosik it couldve been just four people. But he started to tell me how many it was. And as i listened to him, i became just so absorbed and taken with what he was telling me that i changed all my plans, went with him to medelli . N. And we began a collaboration that goes on to this day. Stahl they showed kosik what Lucia Madrigal showed us the family tree they had compiled, based on all that searching through church records, for just one of the affected families, going back all the way to the laughs madrigal una sola stahl it just kept unfolding. And unfolding. Covering these pages are small squares representing men, circles for women. The coloredin squares and circles mean the person got sick with alzheimers at an early age. Look, she had these sons and a daughter. And then it just kept going down through the generations madrigal si. Kosik when we looked at the family trees, about 50 of the offspring were getting the disease. Thats a clear signature of a gene. Stahl but what gene . Kosik connected dr. Lopera with leading geneticists in the u. S. , and they started collecting blood samples and searching. Within a year, a major breakthrough they found a specific mutation in a gene on chromosome 14 one tiny flaw in the d. N. A. Responsible for all the discovery was published in 1997 in the journal of the american medical association. Lopera had identified the largest concentration of early onset alzheimers cases in the world. If a person has that mutation, do they get alzheimers . Kosik yes, they do. Stahl if they have it, they definitely get the disease. Kosik right. There are some mutations where you dont definitely get it. But this is a bad one. And if you have this mutation, you get it. Alonsos, discovering the mutation was a blessing a crucial first step toward finding a way to fight the disease. But it was also a curse, because it meant that anyone whose parent had the mutation, has a 50 50 chance of having inherited it too. Do any of you know if you have that mutation . Do you know . Victor no. Freddie nobody knows. Stahl nobody knows. Well, somebody knows. Been testing for the mutation and compiling a database, but their policy is not to tell family members if they have the mutation or not and not even to reveal the results to dr. Lopera, since at this point, there is nothing that can be done to help. Cecelia translated sometimes i ask, which one will get it . But i throw that thought away, because i dont want to think about that. I pray a lot to god that none of them gets it. I dont want to see my children with that disease. Stahl each one of you knows, because of your father, that you have a 5050 chance. So what kind of a weight does that put on you, day in and day out . Julio translated ive even prayed to god that if if theres one person who has to have the disease, i say to god, let it be me. Sara translated i thank would be able to take care of them, but i tell myself, first i had to go through it with my dad, the experience of the disease, and i may have to go through it with one of my siblings, or with several, we dont know. Stahl sara told us she would love to have children of her own, but given her risk of developing the disease, shes decided against it. Sara translated so that my childn through my same experience. Stahl youve been working on this 30 years. How do you cope with all this pain . Lopera crying stahl it was not the response we had expected. Its that hard . Its that hard. The midst of all this tragedy, there might just be a glimmer of hope. Because what he had discovered in these families hundreds of people destined to develop alzheimers, and easily identifiable with a simple genetic test presented a unique scientific opportunity to test whether its possible to step in and stop earlyonset, and maybe all, alzheimers disease before it starts. 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Thats why more people stick with humana medicare advantage. We Work Together with you to find the best plan, however your needs might change. Because great things are ahead of you stick with. Walgreens presents, a holiday mini miracle. Hey hey . This is for you. Did you really . Didnt have too . Getting the gift you almost kept for yourself, now thats a holiday mini miracle. And it is easy to create your own at walgreens, with 50 off the gifts of the week st around the corner. Stahl alzheimers disease is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. More than five million americans have alzheimers right now, and given the aging baby boomer population, that number is projected to nearly triple by midcentury. Yet unlike many other leading killers, there is no effective treatment. An alzheimers diagnosis is essentially a prescription for a slow descent into oblivion an inexorable loss of the memories, spatial skills, and ability to think that make us who we are. Earlyonset alzheimers patients, like the hundreds of family members in colombia, are a tiny fraction of the whole, but to scientists, they could be everything. Because they are offering researchers something they have never had before a way to test whether intervening, years before people start having symptoms, might halt the disease answers are still years away, but with more than 1,000 americans developing alzheimers every day, a way to prevent it cannot come soon enough. The scene we witnessed in dr. Pierre tariots exam room at the Banner Alzheimers Institute in phoenix is one that plays out in neurologists offices every day. Pierre tariot so if i asked you what city were in right now, what would you say . Uh, you know, right, i dont know at this moment. Stahl norm, age 72, has been diagnosed with alzheimers the typical, lateinlife form so many of us fear. It begins with mild memory and thinking problems, and spirals into fullon dementia. Tariot who is that young lady over there . Norm betsy. Tariot betsy. And is she a friend . Norm yes. Norm because ive been loving her for a long time. Tariot okay. Is she your sister . Norm a little bit of both. Tariot uhhuh. Is she your wife . Norm i dont think so. I think youre somebody. I wish i was, but stahl theyve been married 51 years. Unlike earlyonset alzheimers, identified that causes this. Tariot now touch your nose. Stahl no way to know who among us is destined to get it. What percentage of all people are going to get alzheimers . Tariot 1 of us, 60 or older, will have a dementia like alzheimers disease. But by the time you hit 85 stahl what percent . Tariot that, that percentage is approaching 40ish percent. Norm thats a dogan and has been called out by the World Health Organization as the coming pandemic of the west. We have to do something to put it behind us. Claudia kawas can you draw the numbers for a clock . Stahl but dr. Claudia kawas, a leading alzheimers researcher and clinician at the university of californiairvine, says shes frustrated that she cant offer her patients any hope. Kawas i have to say, ive been doing this now for a third of a century. Would have believed we would still not be closer than we are now to making a real difference. It has been a little disappointing. Stahl it hasnt been for lack of trying. Kawas gave us a quick primer on the telltale signs of alzheimers in the brain after autopsy. Kawas every place you see a brown spot, that is a senile amyloid plaque. In contrast, you see these black triangular shape. Those are what we call neurofibrillary tangles. Stahl the relationship between plaques and tangles isnt completely understood. But because its been shown that amyloid plaques build up in the brain before tangles, and years before patients develop symptoms, pharmaceutical companies have spent hundreds of millions of dollars since the early 2000s developing drugs to remove amyloid from the brain, and hundreds of millions more to like norm. Of all the trials that have been done what percent have succeeded . Tariot about 1 . Stahl in other words, a resounding failure. So what does that say, do you think . Kawas well, it says either amyloid is not the right thing to go after, or it says we need to remove it earlier on in the process, before its made all the other things cascade after it. You can understand why it doesnt work. Stahl youre saying that maybe those drugs havent worked because the person already had alzheimers . Kawas exactly. And maybe if we give them early enough, it might work. Stahl but how can you test drugs on people before they develop the disease, when you dont know who among us is going to get it . Dr. Tariot and the executive director at the Banner Alzheimers Institute, dr. Eric reiman, realized there was a place where you could know who was going to get alzheimers antioquia. Kosik and thats when my phone began to ring. Stahl by then, ken kosik had been studying the colombian extended family for 15 years. Kosik received a call from the people at banner. And they said, you know, you have this family. We know when theyre going to get it. We know whos going to get it. Can we start treating before the disease strikes . And reiman with dr. Lopera, who by that time had identified hundreds of people who carried the gene mutation, guaranteeing that they would be struck with alzheimers in the prime of their lives. Reiman and tariot traveled to medellin and met with both healthy and sick members of the extended family. Is this particular family, in the world extraordinary . Tariot theres nothing else like it. The idea that theres this miles of each other is just an extraordinary phenomenon. Stahl and a perfect scientific laboratory. To lay the groundwork for a large clinical trial, banner flew a group of extended family members from medellin to phoenix for pet scans. One goal to compare the brains of those with and without the mutation, years before any memory loss began, when they dr. Reiman showed us the results. Eric reiman this is somebody who doesnt have the gene. They have no plaques in the brain. Stahl but in members of the family with the mutation, it was a different story. Reiman extensive amyloid deposition in the brain. Stahl thats the red. Reiman red is more amyloid. But yellow is also amyloid. Stahl this brain had even more. The images showed that amyloid plaques build up in the brain more than a decade before memory loss begins. So if a drug could remove that red and yellow, maybe the disease could be prevented. Banner developed a plan for a multimillion dollar drug trial, and convened a meeting with leading scientists, pharmaceutical companies, and representatives of the n. I. H. Tariot the end of the meeting, each scientist was allowed to say one closing thought. And francisco had the last word. Stahl lopera . Tariot and he paused a long time. And you could hear a pin drop in the families are waiting for you. Stahl theyre waiting for you. Tariot thats the point when, you know, the goose bumps came, and we said, we really have to make this work. We really do. Stahl and they did. With a commitment of 15 million from n. I. H. , another 15 million from philanthropists, and the rest from drug company genentech, the trial on an immunotherapy drug to remo amyloid plaque enrolled its first patient three years ago, and theyve been enrolling more people ever since. Freddie they told me about the study and i said yes. Ill go right away, and anything that you need it, i am here. Stahl freddie and all his siblings signed up. The plan is to enroll a total of 300 members of the extended family who are healthy and have no memory loss yet; 200 who have that way, no one will learn their genetic status just by being accepted into the study. Of the 200 with the mutation, half will get injections of the drug; the other half will be injected with a harmless placebo. The study is doubleblind neither patients nor investigators will know whos getting what. They have to come in every two weeks, for at least five years, long enough to see whether the group taking the drug does better than the group taking placebo. Final results arent expected until 2021. Is this the first time in all these years of seeing these patients that you can actually offer them hope . Lopera yes, this is the first time. Because in the past we only offer them education better quality of life, but no hope to have a solution. Stahl what would be the best outcome . Tariot nobody who receives the immunotherapy experiences any worsening of their thinking or memory ability. Doesnt change at all. Doesnt decline. That would be fabulous. Thats a stretch goal. Stahl and that would be just the beginning. Kawas if it makes a difference for them, i think theres a reasonable chance it could make a difference for all the rest of the people who get alzheimers disease. The ultimate goal to help prevent the lateinlife form of alzheimers that were all susceptible to. The hope is that one day, every one of us could be screened and when necessary, treated, before problems begin. Kawas it might be the case that, just like when you go to your doctor to get your cholesterol checked in your blood to see if you need drugs to lower your cholesterol, you would go, and get an amyloid pet scan, and it would be part of stahl routine. Stahl what if the drug removes the amyloid, and they still get the disease . Kawas i think thatll mean that there are other things we need to be targeting besides amyloid. Stahl but will you say that the drug test was successful . Kawas hard as this is to say, yes. I think that we need to know the answer. Stahl the answer to whether the fields focus on amyloid plaque removal for the last 15 years has been a failure. If this test doesnt work, they will at least know they need to go in a different direction. You know, victor, all the other drug trials that have gone on for years have all failed. Victor translated yes. Stahl you know that. Victor translated but this is going to be the exception. This is the exception laughs stahl if it does work, this saves this community. Kosik wouldnt that be stahl that would be amazing. Kosik to me, i am always impressed that these families that come from such a remote area of the world, have the potential for informing all of us, globally, about a path forward for conquering alzheimers. Learn more about the latest alzheimers trials and how the join them at castro was on his deathbed began almost ten years ago. This time, theyre true. Fidel castro died friday. Once a revolutionary leader battling a tyrannical dictator, then a tyrannical dictator himself. Tonight well take a look not at his last days or the last years, but the beginning of his reign. And well do it with the help of a cbs news correspondent by the name of edward r. Murrow. Weve dusted off a grainy black and white interview murrow did with castro in february 1959, just 30 days after taking power. It was castros last full interview in english. Murrow wore a suit. Oddly and inexplicably, castro wore pajamas. Murrow fidel castro, at the age of 32, you now have in your hands a great deal of power and a great deal of responsibility. Frightened because i have self confidence. Whitaker this rare interview came at a time of great promise for castro. He had just ousted a corrupt dictator and was greeted by cheering crowds as he and his revolutionaries entered havana. Murrow tell me, fidel castro, are you concerned at all about the communist influence in cuba . Castro im not worried, because, really, there is not threaten about communism here in cu whitaker history would prove otherwise. For more than half a century, fidel castro was the communist 90 miles off our shores facing down 11 american president s. He could be ruthless and repressive and at the same time a National Hero who brought education and medical care to his people. Well be back next week with another edition of 60 minutes. . . . . It was always just a hobby. Something you did for fun. Until the day it became something much more. Stop grunting stop freeze stop hands in the air. Turn around, slowly grunts