A terrifying speed and the places on the mountains to these it is of battling to collect the ancient ice, which is packed with climate history before it disappears forever. Ah, welcome to tomorrow to day the signs show on d. W. Damon ne, in hindu kush region, is sometimes referred to as the 3rd pole. There are more glaciers in this region than anywhere else. Apart from the north and south pole, they feed rivers with vital water. But the big melt is even affecting lofty innovations, leading to flooding and landslides, like here in pakistan in the ups Global Warming is also hitting hot. In summer 2022 glaciers runs more quickly than ever before. A team of scientists is trying to preserve the informational climate history that they contain by taking ice coal samples in the else on the austin italian border. Its 8 in the morning in the austrian alps. Glacier researchers are heading up the vice. They spit the mountain a peak. Thats 3500 meters high. They want to collect something valuable before its too late. Ancient ice cores. The ice on the vice, they spits a mountain is getting thinner. I said there was only 10 meters thick and 6000 years old. When it disappears or melt, we lose 6000 years of climate history. Ah. Uncovering the ice cores at heights of 3500 meters require special equipment thats delivered by helicopter. The helicopter makes multiple trips to transfer equipment and the Research Team to the summit of the vice they spitzer. The helicopter flies almost 1000 meters into the air over the glacier ski resort. But the researchers arent interested in the ice from these normal glaciers, which are also known as temperate glaciers. There on a search for whats known as a polar glacier. Glaciers are formed high up in the mountains where the snow never melts. When it snows again, the old snow underneath it is pressed to ice. The majority of glaciers in the alps are temperate or warm based glaciers. That means the temperature of the ice is just barely below freezing. Under the ice itself is a layer of water which allows the glacier to slide into the valley. Thats why its ice is rarely more than 100 years old. Ah, polar glaciers, like the one on vices, a schmidt on the other hand dont move at all. Its ice is a few degrees colder than that of temperate glaciers and their frozen solid on the bottom. Polar glaciers are rare in the alps. Up here at heights of 3500 meters is 6000 year old glacier ice. For now, at least, researchers fear that in 10 to 20 years, all of it will be gone. Temperatures up here can be as low as minus 15 degrees celsius. Tough conditions for spending an entire day in one spot. Strong winds complicate their work as well. Midland, its a v we are currently building the wind fans so we can work in areas that are protected from the gus for that. So we need these pieces of wood to keep it stable. That theres more than a meter of snow on top of the glaciers. Ice it has to be removed before drilling for the ancient ice cores can begin. The 5 person team needs about an hour to prepare everything. They opened the wind guard in the tent, set up the required devices and prepare the bore whole opiate from here out to the sun has to work for us. When it goes away, we lose our power source. And so we do have a battery, but it doesnt last for the drilling process happening. Thats why our drill is attached to a solar panel of solar charged controller. And to battery can my slow thing we can actually get started. Now initially the drill goes uneasily, but 1. 5 meters down. Its already more difficult. In this and south, i really have to watch out that the drill doesnt get stuck and pull it out on time exit at austin or north. It was an army, there shows how much power the drill is currently using. If its suddenly swings upwards, the drill must be removed immediately. Otherwise it will freeze the ice cores have layers that are similar to tree rings. Light airy eyes alternates with dark eyes full of dust, soot, an organic deposits. Some layers contain dust from the Sahara Desert or volcanic ash. The age of the ice layers can be determined by historical records, yet seen vill oh here with somewhere at the beginning of the modern era. At the end of the middle ages, the highlands that was settled at the time was seen left behind because another 30 meters of ice formed in the course of the little ice age. And the whole of europe was cold. It was woman the fool am, but we know that there has been ice at this location permanently for 6000 years. There were glazes here even during past one periods, the famine, both the researchers try to recover as many corps as possible air and organic material from past centuries and millennia have been preserved in the ice and will later be analyzed in the lab. His elbow, he oldest ice, were finding is at the very bottom, and were most interested in just how old it is. Now, i have to say really, that its the replaceable priceless. If, as soon as its gone, its gone, you wont be able to collect it any more gold and there are a few places where you can find ice like it on them. So were collecting it now to enrich our knowledge. Those of greg, those does in it there, which means that were possibly quite close to the bottom already. Well, i am good. Every piece, no matter how small is carefully bagged. After about 3 hours of uninterrupted drilling, they finally reached their goal. Oh, wrong. The last ice core is brought up to the surface. Again. Its 6000 years old. And now the scientists have to hurry again. The helicopter is returning at 4 p. M sharp. That carefully low the ice cores into cold boxes. Keeping them cool is essential for preserving valuable knowledge about the past them in the veil. Beverly and well see which epochs of the last 6000 years were favorable for glazes in which were unfavourable. And then we can best classify todays Climate Change because the basic question is how unusual are the processes that we observe today . Have they occurred before in the past where theyre past room epoch sign if so, how long were they . How warm with a and we expect to answer to these questions here, and lot of these a frog a few ice cores will be stored for posterity. So that future scientists can study them with even better analytical methods. These scientists are also drilling deep into the past in the seabed, north event article, they did dna that dates back 1000000 years. Dna analysis of the sediment can reveal what lived in the war to win and provide climate information. Diatoms, for example, in warm climate phases, algae species were able to breed successfully and populate the sea in large numbers, being deposited over thousands of years on the sea bed. Analyzing the drill cause can also help researchers better understand how human induced Climate Change might affect the waters of antarctica in the future. One thing is clear as the waters will many glaciers in antarctica are melting, including the doomsday glacier. This is weights one of the Worlds Largest glaciers. Its located in western antarctica and covers 192000 square kilometers. That makes it roughly the size of senegal, nickname, the doomsday iglesia, the melting of it would lead to numerous flooded coastal cities. An International Team of researches has now mapped the retreat of the ice giant over the centuries. The results of worrying to say the least, the glazier is falling apart much faster than originally thought. So wait, leisure itself could contribute around 60 centimeters globally to sea level rise. The problem is in fact that weights has such a central position in the west antarctic. I see that its retreat and eventually collapse. Could cause the whole west. And i think i see to collapse and that would mean more than 3 meters of sea level rise. The threats glenitia is part of the marine ice sheet. Unlike some of the glaciers on dry land weights is grounded in the sea bed. One part called the ice shelf floats on the water and thats a problem. As a result of our Greenhouse Gas emissions, the water is getting warmer. As it heats up, it melts the glacier from below. In a normal situation, the ice coming down from the ice sheet is in balance with the ice last by melt. If the system is not in balance, then theres more ice melting. And the grounding line is retreating inlet because of the particular geometry of the earth, weights glazed, and also the west Antarctic Ice heat. It is getting deeper and deeper towards the inland areas. And that means that the whole system is prone to a so called my read ice seat instability. Scientists have found that in the last 30 years, the point where the ice starts to float retreated, 14 kilometers, further inland. To put it simply, much of the ice that used to rest on land is now floating on water. All has a ready melted research is worn that we might now have reached a tipping point, where large parts of the ice shelf might simply collapse. So the ice shells half of so called buttress inc force, that means theyre floating on the sea, but on the sides and sometimes also in front. They are in contact with small islands or little hills on the site. And this gives some restriction, some property to break the flow of the ice. So if the ice self disappears, then this, but thrusting effect will become smaller, and threads. Glazer will most likely increase it flow velocity. And sweeps isnt the only iglesia melting. Scientists estimate that by 2100 sea levels may rise by around a meter or even more said the millions of people around the world. We live in coastal areas thats really bad. Knees. Rising sea levels means that they will be hit by more frequent and more extreme floods. So its vital to take immediate action Scientists Say. And the only way to do that is by reducing on Greenhouse Gas emissions as drastically and quickly as possible mole hurricanes. And so those are anothers been of effect of warmer oceans and warmer air data indicates that Climate Change is also making them longer lasting and more destructive hurricane in hit the gulf of mexico particularly hard in september 2022. The us seems especially vulnerable. Louise kara, from panama, wanted to know why why are there so many hurricanes in the usa . Hurricanes or tropical cyclops. Their extreme wind speeds and heavy rains can cause massive damage. Can strike fear into the hearts of many hurricanes can reach a few 100 kilometers in diameter and rage over the same spot. For hours they form near the equator, over large bodies of water warm to 26 degrees celsius or more. Only storms that develop over the atlantic or over the eastern and Central Pacific are called hurricanes. The Hurricane Season runs from june until late november. Thats when large amounts of water evaporate and rise with a warm air. As the earth rotates air masses, north and south of the equator, are deflected by whats known as the cory oldest force. These masses start to spin, producing a swirling cyclone. At its center is the eye of the hurricane, a wind and rain fries own with few clouds. When such cyclones form and tropical or sub tropical zones, they usually move in a westerly or north westerly direction. In the atlantic, this means hurricanes off and head toward the east coast of the us, where the gulf streams warm current only serves to fuel. The storms. Fury in 2017, a nasa satellite captured this image of 3 hurricanes, approaching the southeastern United States from space. We can now observe in great detail how hurricanes form and where they travel the paths taken by all Atlantic Hurricanes in 2021 can be seen here. Several hit the us east coast. Yet the west coast escaped largely unscathed. Most hurricanes headed west into the open ocean. Southeast asia has tropical cyclones, too. Though here there call typhoons a 3rd of all such storms occur. Theyre making it the worlds mo, affected region. Ah, people have always longed to change the course of stores or manipulate the weather in other ways. In the us, the 1940s i should in a new era of weather modification. In 1947, these men were getting ready to fly into a hurricane. Ah, they with a team behind project, cirrus, a u. S. Government initiative to try to manipulate a hurricane ah vincent j scheffer headed up the team. In his laboratory, he discovered that he could modify clouds by adding dry ice. With this knowledge, his team flew 3 aircraft directly into a hurricane. They dropped 36 kilos of dry ice into the storm and they reported seeing a change in the clouds. Ah, the method was called cloud seating. It mimics what happens inside rain clouds. With the water vapor in the air condenses to form drops with the help of tiny particles like dust or ice crystals or artificial seating agents like dry ice or salt. And when the drops get big enough, they rained down. The big hope is that cloud seating can bring rain to regions where its desperately needed in the desert state of the united arab emirates. Theyve been trying this for years with okay. And does mod, as busy fishing his playing with an unconventional payload . 48 sold cartridges in the home of making the clouds crying. Hes a rainmaker. And today he fancies his chances. The 57 year old swede makes one last check before takeoff. He has just 3 hours to get his charge into the clouds. Above the arab emirates, a challenging task. The clouds seed noticing it when you saw for person like me. Because i spent most of my career trying to avoid clouds for the comfort of the passengers. Where us now are fly madness serving out inside of the cloud. But just start the edge of it, and it can require to turban lift off from the desert into the clouds, with hazy visibility, and a temperature of 35. 00 degrees celsius. Its a mission with an ambitious goal. Water is scarce in the emirates, but consumed in abundance and glitzy cities. Light due by the Construction Industry is booming, and every year around 800000 people move to the oil rich federation. Despite rising temperatures and falling ground water levels cropped, cultivation and the emirates is becoming increasingly difficult. So law, our hummadi thought to try his hand at farming when he retired from his former job. 5 years ago. The 63 year old now grooves, figgs, pomegranates, mays and dates on his small plot of land. On the outskirts of dubai. He fetches the water from a well 300 meters deep. Every year the level drops further. He can water his fruits for a maximum of 3 hours a day. He tells us that many whither in the blazing heat and cannot be sold. Within sir la l hummadi often looks to a higher power for help available only pray for rain, imploring beyond my provide us with water without water, a man is worth nothing. Mon switches that are most vicious, at the National Center for meteorology in abu dhabi, scientists are trying more down to earth methods for yellow, augment our kamali presents the current weather data to the team. And ventures a full council is to which clowns will appear when and where are the for with a clouds are by no means rare over the emirates, but far too often. They dont bring rain with their full propeller plains. The scientists therefore shoot sodium and potassium chloride into the clouds. The salt particles bind water become heavy and rain down. Interestingly, the Scientists Say their activities dont lead to less rain elsewhere. They say the results from 15 years of practice are encouraging. We has done recently a study about at the the enhancement of rainfall and it has turned out that the cloud seating actually in the u. E. Increases the rainfall of about 23 percent on an average on best situation. It can reach up to 35 percent off in housing offering for heavy cloud. So gathering in the sky over the gulf, its important that things now proceed more quickly. And youll augment, ill kamali radios and does model and gives him the coordinates of a promising cumulus cloud. The pilot picks up the trail and steers towards it. Timing is everything now. Youre so many things going on at the same time. You have to flutter airplane. I have to navigate the raw, the cloud so that in time and space your in the correct glares. But you must also navigate in relation to the actual cloud formations one command. And as march fires full rounds, slowly turning as he doesnt in the control room. The meteorologists are already looking for the next cloud that he can head full. He seats up to 20 in 3 hours. Success often follows very quickly, happy moments that the whole team. I am convinced this technique works and im not saying that there might not be some other method that is conceived in the future, which is possibly a better method. But at the moment, i believe in what we are doing. Oh, rain is often seen as a blessing in the desert. Whether phenomena have fascinated salon al hummadi since he was a child. Whenever he can, the farmer from dubai, films, the rain, the devout muslim, considers it legitimate that man, not to allah makes it. No manila lauren doesnt forbid science. On the contrary, its important that people find ways to invent things that are of benefit humanity. Oh we ashad them file in the past. People didnt really think too much about cloud dumpster, but not that much of a its a necessity. Why we have to look for ways to get more water. Hi, john denzil, am about critique say the emirates, multi 1000000. 00 Seating Program is unscientific and that its apparent success remains unproven. Claims rejected by the head of the National Meteorology center. He also points out that desalination sea water is many times more expensive than cloud seeding of it is a success. And we encourage yeah, a lot of people will be involved with the wall methodical organization. Or all the over the outward of this project will be as good for them. Many countries know they are to grow to approach us and get benefit of this year out of this project. And as man climbs out of his plane exhausted, but happy he met, he fired off 40 of his cartridges successfully seating full clouds. Sharon today was a rainmaker. Yes, i can probably say so report 3 and as mobs, expeditions might not be able to stop Climate Change or resolve the lack of water, but they can at least generate a little more of that precious commodity. Re if i with what is read, why i viewed lately to you the song, his question about the space or something here, and i then send it to us. If we answer your question on the show, well send you a little surprise as a thank you. Im on just a thats it for this episode of tomorrow today. Thanks for watching. And until next join. Take curious. A with with who a pulse with the beginning of the story that moves us and takes us along for the ride. Its all about the perspective. Culture information is d w. W made for mines a browser today shift the total on the let us tomorrow. Oh farming in the future. Food entrepreneurs and farmers are experimenting with more sustainable meal concepts. But are there seems taken root food for everyone . Close up with 90 minutes on d. W. Ah. What secrets lie behind these walls . Discover new adventures in 360 degrees. And explore fascinating World Heritage sites. D w World Heritage 360. Get the out now. Oh hello guys. This is the 77 percent the platform for africa. You beat issues and share ideas you know, or this channel. We are not afraid to happen delicate topic because population is growing fast. And young people clearly have the solution that future belongs to you. The 77 percent every weekend on d w ah ah ah ah, this is d w is life from bad i generational task that must start now the words of germanys chancellor assumes a conference on the reconstruction of ukraine following brushes, embankment talk is of a program on the scale of the Marshall Plan to have realistic
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