iran usa, starts june 15th on d. w. ah. the volcanic i full a landscape forged in fire, shaped by awesome, elemental forces deep under ground, huge glowing chunks of rock. ash that covered everything in minutes and formed a one of a kind landscape. the volcanoes fell silent some 10000 years ago. but they're only sleeping is something brewing deep below the surface of the eiffel. how great is the danger that the volcanoes will rule back to life in the east of the volcanic eiffel near under. now, the forces lurking beneath the earth show themselves a cold water garza the highest in the world. every 2 hours, the water jet erupt reaching up to 60 meters in the air. the guys are leaps, explains mineral adjust thorsten lambert's he fussing out soon as soon as yours wage guys are a russian is unique data just as age volcanic eruption is unique, hot ashes, the rupture and unleashes powerful volcanic forces deep beneath the eiffel. as carbon dioxide from the fluid magma meets the ground water. more and more, c o 2 bubbles, collect 350 meters below the surface. when it finally erupt, the entire water column is propelled upward. you look, man, just eat money in it, but ask on here you can really see and feel the whole volcanic process. this is what helps you understand the pressure and power behind it. should another volcano arrived in the eiffel in bonds yet? i didn't because present but when will that happen? the volcanoes of the eiffel were long thought extinct. now we know there only dormant deep under ground. the cauldron is still bubbling. the traces of the last inferno, a still clearly visible to day. at 1st glance, lake laugh is a tranquil body of water, but it was created by the most powerful volcanic eruption in recent central european geological history. 13000 years ago. it's traces can be found on the near by vin gets beg front, ne amended to geologist, goes to hoffman. if bon university, the wall is a window into the distant past. the launcher for that's a 1000 johns are 13000 years ago. this landscape didn't look fundamentally different from today, and then suddenly there was disclosure and it hurled ash and rocks some 40 to 50 kilometers into the atmosphere. feeling sure that the massive eruption lasted several weeks as 1000 degrees celsius. magma met a groundwater reservoir. ah, the mountain top above was blown off by an explosion of steam, as a huge column of ash was catapulted kilometers up into the air. in one is, these are at some point, this column collapsed and red hot ash rushed through the landscape, lunch along the valleys and through the broad valley. for instance, when it reached the rhine river, which already existed back, then it cut the river off. ash and debris swept over everything and left behind a blanket, several meters. deep scrub gun outs. follow funds were colonels both on to south stone, descried this volcanic eruption, damned the rhine and created a reservoir around. what is know if you today is delighted damage. at some point the dam broke and the hunters and others settled in the area experienced to catastrophes and one lifetime will come all school 1st option, a volcanic eruption ship and then a gigantic water search that went to all the way down the rhine valley into today's netherlands as default, our next flood zone done as of this volcanic explosion of it was more an explosion than an eruption. this explosion, 13000 years ago, left us traces were and you can see them on the wall here. does it for us? these are, this is like a history book and we can study it and essentially read had this volcanic explosion happened off each singularity as like a high resolution snapshot of an individual phase of the russian hill torn. ah, hoffman regularly leads groups of scientists through here. the layers of the wall reveal the stages of the volcanic eruption does. it doesn't say english does the animal a riser in. so i was crazy, is that such a layer usually shows several tens of thousands of years, a few rungs and here and here we have a 30 meter cross section that represents a few weeks at most. this is just a few minutes. this single layer is a collapsing cloud of embers, while any other snow horse nym. and if i pull the stone out, this is maintenance of night and on the thir, langley and away night, with a rare blue mineral expelled from the magma. the eiffel is one of the most important sites for it in the world. as at the end of the north american bank, if you look at it's under a magnifying glass, it's really beautiful. the vin gets bad. vant is part of the unesco volcanic eiffel geo park hoffman and his team developing an app to allow virtual travel through the volcanic landscape. everything is precisely scanned and measured ah, how many view parking come i she using the volcanic eiffel geo park as a reference model, as it's the very 1st g park in germany that offers the completely digital turning package. all points of interest in this park can be viewed the de sac them to guitar, approve. the app works with super precise satellite data, much more exact than basic navigation or hiking apps. the vine, hired canada vanity money and we want to map the while back there and 3 d doff up to do this. he need a lot of photos and the right image processing software. if the john can get close enough, you can get a good 3 d image, convert the dental one on the drone can also reach sections of the wool that are otherwise difficult to access. the camera scans at high resolution, so the computer can later generate a detailed image. the various layers in the wall are especially interesting. they consist mainly as pumice and tough interspersed with rock fragments dragged up by the volcanic eruption. ah, thus young having us back munson preserving its back van shows all the sentiments this uncanny corruption unearthed. and it's been geologically proven that there were different eruption faces that you have to imagine. it's not like an exploiting powder keg, but like several atomic bombs on it. and that's how powerful the was torn bomb. so ganesh matos really what we regulate. i'd annoy charles quote, is lawful zis or under a rule tarnished. we can't rule out a fresh interruption, unlike life or other volcanic structures here in the eiffel house. and we can only hope that would be enough warnings by the f. for example, in the form of earthquake swarms on that, we don't want to paint to horror scenario. but of what happened, 13000 years ago happened again to day in a densely populated region like the rhineland, that it would be catastrophic island to mr. fall. large cities like bon industrial plants and refineries. the rhineland chemical belt cologne, with more than a 1000000 people. how can the region possibly protect itself from such a natural disaster? the federal academy, the civil protection and disaster assistance. b, a, b k. in the our valley generate scenarios for such disasters. professor klaus writer is researching possible consequences of a fresh eruption of the lake lock volcano. to look, nibbled soon. soil gave him d. c. a will. there would be a very high eruption. column sign of the echoes would be closed off immediately. and music landing simply wouldn't be possible. then you'd have to see how far and how quickly the rushing cloud spreads. depending on the wind direction would have increased. i was issued a legal carson lawful soon. we'd have to consider whether roads were still usable, whether critical infrastructure like trains and the power grid still worked. currently, certain vehicles may be able to drive on the free ways to evacuate people evoke, but then things would get difficult. there are no other escape routes as existing. the problem is that in strongly con to landscapes like the r valley or he in the eiffel people have settled in the valleys in the us. so there are only 2 ways out and forwards and backwards. there is no other option, so i be a host to comb poon to lucas on to skip the 2. is good enough. the move isn't of a shape. okay. depending on where we are, they will probably be casualties as well for that. so we're in d to hospitals must be prepared for the specific types of injuries that volcanic eruptions can cause, especially burns restart. so they have to have dedicated burn unit. so, but they also need specialized units for, say, amputations and emergency surgical procedures. if that would be necessary after an earthquake by up beam does this was unless we just know model. mm. but is it even possible to prepare for such a disaster? if a coolant spleen, the order for evacuation plans or rules of conduct, what people should do in a specific situation that's difficult into right now, there are no plans in place to light and that may be a mistake, but i don't think it's absolutely necessary. unlike with flooding of volcanic eruption allows more response, i'm those of us, it trust me at sight. ah. volcanic eruptions come with ample warning in the form of tremors and gas emissions. at lake law, it's easy to forget that the ground below has still not settled. the old volcanic crater is a unique natural paradise. but at the lakes eastern shore, there are still signs of volcanic activity. mo fits carbon dioxide, bubbling up through the water. ah, near by the jesuits bill to study and recreation home for young monks in 1970. when 8 of them died, inexplicably gas emissions from the lake shore were blamed. the young men were buried on the grounds of today's maria law abbey, in the crit, on the one of the smola chapels, whether the monks really asphyxiated has never been confirmed. mm hm. but professor hoffman and his team of geologists, the lake is of great interest. the mo fits are important to better understand volcanic activity in the eiffel. and to observe any changes with your and give isn't your fluff isn't fitting to achieve scientists. and us with the more show that there is still a volcanic activity here is to say it's not only ever molten rock that comes out of the ground in gordon. it's mostly gas gas and this is why the amount of escaping gas is continuously monitored. and we assume for stack and gas if we saw gas emissions increasing. so it would be a sign that there is activity under ground, perhaps indicating a coming volcanic eruption host for invoice. today we know that the gas bubbles are mostly carbon dioxide escaping from huge magma, chambers about 40 kilometers under ground. but what does that tell us? does the gas come from the magma the eruption brought forth 13000 years ago, which is still slowly cooling? or is fresh magma forming under the lake? a new study involving research has from several german institutes, raises these question. numerous weak tremors at great depths indicate that magma is in motion. but there are no further signals so far that the volcano is preparing for another eruption. further west, the famous mars are evidence of how volcanoes shaped the landscape here, the deep eyes of the eiffel. the vine feldman had down is locally called the mar of the dead because of the neighbouring cemetery. with its closed crater ring, the pu vermont is the deepest at more than 70 meters. it seems bottomless. ah. fo photography cloudy a vbac gibbet. the shelton marin mom is the most beautiful. she is published a book of unto water photos from the crater lakes, which she worked on for years back there under the tree, there are always fish among i. once i gigantic hike, bear declined the smell patch always hide under the tree among the branches. that's nice too. i'm always happy to see that dawson she comes here again and again, even when the temperatures drop in the full. but it's the very special underwater world of the eiffel mass that fascinates her, the most. one thing below the surface, the water of the mars. he's still remarkably clear no matter the season. so at this time of year, the water is only 10 degrees celsius in winter, it goes down to 3 or 4 degrees. oh ah my husband's a discussion that isn't a coffee sometimes if feels like the caribbean because of the turquoise blue water fall off and there are so many fish. pina fisher. if you just love quietly, they was well right by you. by coleman. and when you died, can spot height, mccardle, and tension the hitch. there's really a lot to see us as a smoke ish. m f. it's as in down here, flora and fauna, a bound. although most of the mars have no regular water inflow. they're fed solely by rain water, which 1st seeps through volcanic rock, layers before flowing into the mark. well filtered and clean with lust. miss stun eod ox. on what fascinates me as the depths of some of the mars. the pulver mar as 70 meters deep and the shaggy man mar is 35 meters deep. on monday you can get a feel for its depth. the crater rim. when you see how the sharp drop continues under the steep shores, what one was just like, we need to be aware that it could go off at any time. that's just the way it is. and fossil the let south, the last direction was 12 or 13000 years ago. scientists say one should occur roughly every 10000 years. so in fact, we're overdue. ah . mars and volcanic cones graced the landscape with their magical charm and attest to the fiery past of the volcanic eiffel. volcanic active, he is still everywhere, even if it's not always apparent at 1st glance. ah, in the volcanic eiffel region, the earth's surface is rising by about one millimeter per year. even more in some places. this can only be measured from high in the air. what's causing this? is it the gases rising from the magma chambers deep under ground? or hot springs when the full comes to the eiffel traces of past volcanic activity can be found in the topography of the landscape. basalt columns rise from some of the numerous volcanic cones. often, hexagonal, the figures were shaped thousands of years ago during a volcanic eruption when hot lava escaped and then slowly cooled. in the quarries of the volcanic eiffel, lava, basalt has been mined for centuries. as here near the village of strewn in the past, the hard stone was used for building houses and paving roads. even the banks of the rhine were fortified with 6 sided, basalt columns. to day the stone is mostly crushed into gravel and grit. bene, tao is the master of sharon stone. he manages the b quarry and knows the long history of the place or he and either on the on the were 3 big eruptions here, 34000 years ago. have these has gone to this whole valley filled up with lava follicle off the geologists are still looking for the old off back valley, down here, then off. thus, i'll fucked off the lava flows solidified and formed a wide 30 meter thick layer of basalt. now here's the front of my room, i'll few look over there. for example, you can tell the difference. down below you can see the basalt layer and further up be sure where it gets more reddish. you can see the lyric lava, you know, that you can really tell the layers apart. so just like back there, that's the basalt layer. and you can see the lava above its in 1969 quarry work has stumbled across a sensation. a blast released a huge rock formation from the quarry wall, 15 meters up. at 1st, they weren't sure what they were looking at. a cor sample cleared it up. it was a gigantic lava bomb that had been flung out of the volcanic crater. regarding what allowable him of the strong lava bomb was discovered back there and just lay there for some time. finally, the municipality of strawn decided they wanted it sooner than the question was, had to get the thing over there. oh, it weighs $120.00 tons. how do you move a stone, measuring almost 5 meters across over the fields from the quarry to the village? with odds, the line is or not been up. gelato visited me that i and the up is they waited until the ground had frozen over the winter island laughing to zombified and they welded big iron plates together and rode the bomb onto them or not on mid. i'd ashby, i took a large caterpillar and a bulldozer cushing from behind to move the boulder across the field to where they wanted it fell beside it out online michigan occupied oh, but where did the giant rock come from? the cool sample revealed that the lava bomb consisted of many layers that had built up one after the other around a cor, like an onion. the lava bomb was probably flung upwards during the eruption, and then repeatedly rolled back into the crater of the active volcano. in the process, it became thicker and thicker before it was finally encased in molten lava, where it remained until it was exposed in the quarry. today it's the main attraction of the small village of strewn. volcanic stone from the eiffel region was coveted building material. as early as the middle ages, the maria la abbey was built mainly out of dark basalt and light tough. ah, that often cathedral tough is even found on the 8 sided central structure, the famous carolyn g in octagon ah, volcanic stone from the nearby, i full was also shipped along the rhine to help build cologne's cathedral. ah, and i feel tough was continually used for repair work. brave men from the mineral rich village of vi been helped in 19 o one a railroad line was built now popular with tourists as the vulcan express. this brought the stone like tough pumice and bustled to the rhine. at the winter harbor in bro, it was then loaded on to ships a lifeline for the eiffel. and a stroke of luck for the village of vibert with volcanic eruptions. 400000 years ago, deposited a massive layer of tough perfect building material for churches. tough is light and easy to work with flu. still. if you look back from the 19th century onwards, at the construction of cathedrals and vault ribbing you realize this is ideal material lightweight and able to bear heavy loads, thus a nice o either immense length ideal for the slender arches stretching toward the heavens. the woods of hamburg were also built with tough from viber. the stonemasons gave the stone its characteristic surface texture, with hammers, chisels and wedges. oh, why? oh, look, you said the de la quarry was also the production site in the stone was still damp when it was brought to the store house on the lager, and then cut into rough sizes for the stone mason research. i imagine. so ashby's gotten through stuff, i hope so. at the start of the 20th century, more than $1200.00 stonemasons worked here tough from vibe and brought a real boon to the small village to f dash each vice shine tough is a soft stone made up of solidified to fall kind of ash library depending on where they are found, the layers can be course, are quite fine, wood, guns, pine dungeon at the shower. so here, the jeep man, there are a number of houses here, where you can see that the masters on the cory owners had the money to have elaborate facades built on da avenue opposite and jewish vidal was able to afford its own water and sewer network. earlier than other villages and had electricity as early as 1915. but the demand for tough fell from the 19th sixty's onwards, and the boom ended to day. the many tough houses still bear witness to the villages, former prosperity. the many volcanic cones of the eiffel. when not only used as quarries, some of them still provide living spaces today. for the rule is of the middle ages, the top of such a volcano was a good place for a fortress. there were plenty of stones for building. and what a panorama old brook counsel, for example, sits proudly a top of 460 meta high volcanic cone. the new a book stands even higher at an altitude of more than 670 meters. but he's better known for the famous race course at the foot of the mountain. ah, the new bo agreeing was originally built to provide the pool eiffel region with a new source of income. and under the asphalt, on which famous racing drivers have done their laps line masses of lava, basalt, from the quarries of the volcanic eiffel did your ability even when bearing enormous loads made them the ideal foundation. ah, today it's almost forgotten that the ancient ruin of new abode castle sits on an extinct volcano. but the volcanic origin of many places can be seen from above the room. a bag is a cone of solidified slag in front of it is this strewn muh? it's almost completely stilted up. sh. some of the extinct volcanoes provide the perfect conditions for recreational athletes. the mer failed. ma, for example, is popular with paraglider is ah, what sets this mar apart from others is the form of its crater rim. it's very steep and so exposed in some places that it makes for just the right takeoffs slope. above the steep curved crater rim, you can fly perfect circles if the wind is right. and with a view like this, it's like a dream come true. the volcanic eiffel is a world of water and not only because of its many mars, there are plenty of places where water rises to the surface. as in the vault, she looked with its steep walls of volcanic tress. less spectacular, but still valuable for the region is another phenomenon. there are springs everywhere in the eiffel. some hidden in the middle of the forest. andreas schuler from the volcanic eiffel, geo park knows where these drains come from. in the case of the guys are in under no, it's carbon dioxide that drives the ground water up through the volcanic rock. but suppose on the list, he had a special aspect of this area is the fact that the water contains not only minerals but also a significant amount of carbon dioxide instead of iceman oshima. and we know from chemical studies that this c o 2 got like other gases originates from the venting process of the magma deep in the earth's cross list and the upper mantle. so you could say that the eiffel mineral waters also contain the breadth of the volcanoes and heighten the word drain is celtic for welling spring dust. this is here, this is the dash i to raise it's carbonated, it's fizzy and also has a very, very high iron content on top. in fact, it's the mineral water with the highest iron content in the volcanic i forced my eyes and god, if you know we cannot, ah, dash hide guerrero stein down. almost every community here has its own spring. the settlements grew up around them. at least this ours, in some island below these waters contain minerals and the guns and an may even have medicinal applications and curative properties. so good looks to be a and so the idea arose to capitalize on these properties, to bring some cash into the regions. ma hm hm. all hello. it was getting the lagoon supreme. today, the volcanic eiffel is known for its many varieties of curative mineral water. the rural lake in the north west of the eiffel is also a drinking water reservoir. a massive damn holds back the roof, a river at almost 80 meters in height. it protects the people down stream from a catastrophic flood. but what would happen if the dam was damaged say by a powerful earthquake? this is why deep down in the dam daily inspections are performed to ensure everything is in order. this is the job of dam safety engineer, band heart hook in a pendulum shows every little movement. minimal swings are normal. they mean the dam is functioning properly. but what if the near by volcanic eiffel starts to rumble? if the volcanoes reawaken earthquakes would be the 1st signs really in my end, what's one that's why we're talking about around 200000000 cubic meters of water at a dom height of 77 meters. if something happened, it would be huge and from the so we just have to make sure that safety is guaranteed around the clock. that is here in the far south of the volcanic eiffel lies an important measuring station else. cancel stands in a side valley of the mosul river. dr . brigitte took snuff maya in truen heads the signs my logical observatory at cologne university. she and her colleague klaus fleischer visit the 12th century castle regularly. they have no interest in orioles or targets. they're going underground ah, here in the deepest vault of the castle, directly on the rocky ground, the university has installed a highly sensitive size, mcgrath. it registers every vibration, no matter how gentle it's here lie for i'm this will here any ica we have on average about 50 to a 100 tremors a year. but most of them are so minor that they cannot be felt by humans before mentioned money wasn't ah asked us now let's this for distant trema that exactly isn't that something honest? if i was just before 12 we'll have to take a look later on of a vehicle. it was relatively short quarter of all. those were just surface waves from a blast offering been from a spring or a lot of house that could be as close to be him as their strongest quake we had for a quarter with instruments was in 2007 near plight, which had a magnitude of 3.9 and was felt over a great distance the saddle bohannon, it was in 2013 that the size, milan surgical station recorded an unusual phenomenon that has occupied the scientific world ever since. birth tremors from deep beneath the eiffel ah is not. it gives me the address. these were the deepest quakes ever recorded in germany, and they had a special signature on having that what they look different from the quakes. we usually see here that this does not necessarily mean that magma is rising, but there is definite movement and with eagles toughened movement that could indicate that magma is gathering again under ground. are the volcanoes becoming active? this raises questions. this is gina mismanagement in which areas should we actually expect this off site are mainly in the area of lake law or perhaps even further west, where volcanic centers were more recently active. the goal is to better understand what is down there and how dangerous it may be. it does follow to see a goal shared by seismic geologist, professor russia, to that the federal academy of civil protection for his work. the measurements are important indicators does a theme syntex, linus engineer schulman these earthquakes are very small tremors. ok. and the interesting, oh, because such an accumulation may forecast a volcanic eruption host behind is that worked really well with the law palmer eruption this year. i mean, we had seismic signals that effectively forecast this magma rise. d packaged, he says, there might be some lockman, austic, uncritical, dis allowed enough time to prepare thousands of people for the massive eruption of cambridge. yes. and to bring them to safety from the ash and red hot lava knowledge, which is just as valuable for the eiffel bust me him or in time man does, is perceived as i see. what we're doing here at the moment is passive. we're just listening to the earth and trying to interpret signals coming from different depths . this could hear him now as he to the earthquakes at lake lock were the deepest earthquakes in all of germany. a record, if they go down to about 40 kilometers, which means that we have to position additional devices and listen to different locations and guns, window, shooting pom. ah, with us as soon as possible. and that's what we're working on. and why the eiffel is a real laboratory for us. i'm a moving research project and why it is actually a jewel of research of volcanic activity in germany this week and this was endorse them. a jew born of fire, a fire still smouldering deep beneath the eiffel. no one knows when the volcanoes will awaken. but one thing is certain we will be ready for it. ah, with it's time for a change in perspective and innovative and play phone and all the way up and in architecture. and what of corona virus was the start of something completely new? it's time to rethink and redesign arch $21.00 in 30 minutes on d w o . to the dark side where intelligence agencies are pulling the strings. there was a before 911 and an aftermath 11. he says, after $911.00, the clubs came off. where organized crime rules were conglomerates make their own laws? work through us. vague, it doesn't matter. the only criteria is worked. we'll hook people up. we shed light on the opaque world who's behind the benefits. and why are they a threat to us all opaque worlds this week on d w? ah, ah ah, ah, this is dw news lie from berlin. ukraine says its forces are still holding on the eastern city of figure than that region is the focus of heavy russian shelling and intense street fighting also on the show could chance or all of shoulder soon to be on his way to.
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